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APPENDIX F
Details for Inspection Types and Intervals
TABLE F1
INSPECTION INTERVALS--ROUTINE INSPECTION
Bridges and Culverts
Routine Inspection Interval, Months
DOT <12 12 24 36 48
Alabama 242 2,532 12,913 0 16
Alaska 0 1 1,177 0 0
Arizona 0 37 3,963 0 3,206
Arkansas 6 1,942 9,928 0 606
California 47 52 23,907 0 17
Colorado 10 71 7,012 0 1,185
Connecticut 16 19 3,897 0 236
Delaware 2 15 834 1 0
Dist. of Columbia 0 0 244 0 0
Florida 60 383 11,091 0 0
Georgia 7 20 14,492 0 1
Hawaii 1 15 1,090 0 0
Idaho 0 614 3,448 0 10
Illinois 2 529 14,392 0 10,883
Indiana 2 3 18,269 0 0
Iowa 16 1,251 23,586 0 0
Kansas 25 2,105 23,183 0 3
Kentucky 49 1,374 9,808 0 2,291
Louisiana 62 1,129 12,160 0 0
Maine 0 43 2,322 0 5
Maryland 10 376 4,685 0 12
Massachusetts 139 377 4,402 0 0
Michigan 145 240 10,233 0 1
Minnesota 4 3,721 9,294 15 0
Mississippi 56 1,822 14,933 0 93
Missouri 0 1,409 22,468 0 2
Montana 2 7 4,074 0 846
Nebraska 0 173 15,281 0 0
Nevada 5 30 1,598 0 1
New Hampshire 148 222 2,001 0 0
New Jersey 1 3 6,437 0 3
New Mexico 4 217 2,276 0 1,322
New York 3 1,361 15,978 0 0
North Carolina 2 3 17,497 0 0
North Dakota 2 44 3,980 0 452
Ohio 41 28,019 5 0 0
Oklahoma 33 1,085 21,934 0 335
Oregon 14 300 6,924 0 13
Pennsylvania 190 1,652 20,361 0 4
Puerto Rico 8 42 1,978 0 0
Rhode Island 2 118 629 0 0
South Carolina 2 2,793 6,408 0 0
South Dakota 2 44 5,473 0 441
Tennessee 0 5 19,724 0 31
Texas 98 225 44,297 0 4,598
Utah 1 5 2,822 0 0
Vermont 0 52 2,651 0 0
Virginia 37 2,169 11,032 0 8
Washington 14 506 6,706 2 414
West Virginia 70 951 4,205 0 1,688
Wisconsin 48 54 13,589 0 0
Wyoming 1 203 2,822 1 2
Total 1,629 60,363 504,413 19 28,275
Source: 2005 NBI data (2).
Note: Not all inspection intervals are shown.
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TABLE F2
INSPECTION INTERVALS--UNDERWATER INSPECTION
Bridges and Culverts
Total
Underwater Inspection Interval, Months
DOT Inspections 72
Alabama 945 0 19 613 0 297 16 0 0
Alaska 175 0 0 9 0 0 166 0 0
Arizona 12 1 4 1 0 0 3 3 0
Arkansas 7,536 3 260 1,064 28 5,227 954 0 0
California 638 0 1 6 1 26 603 0 0
Colorado 75 5 1 6 1 0 62 0 0
Connecticut 309 4 5 294 0 6 0 0 0
Delaware 77 0 1 1 0 4 71 0 0
Dist. of Columbia 13 1 0 6 0 0 6 0 0
Florida 3,950 37 165 3,735 0 1 1 0 0
Georgia 2,170 0 0 2 0 38 2,130 0 0
Hawaii 102 3 0 2 0 0 97 0 0
Idaho 306 0 5 1 0 1 299 0 0
Illinois 1,293 0 340 401 5 46 501 0 0
Indiana 710 1 9 36 14 180 470 0 0
Iowa 144 19 3 18 0 5 97 0 0
Kansas 201 1 2 14 1 41 142 0 0
Kentucky 2,147 2,015 1 2 0 21 107 0 0
Louisiana 1,198 27 54 260 0 0 856 0 0
Maine 371 0 4 28 0 1 338 0 0
Maryland 421 0 1 2 0 357 61 0 0
Massachusetts 756 0 46 40 556 56 44 0 0
Michigan 353 43 2 79 1 17 208 0 0
Minnesota 338 0 0 0 0 1 337 0 0
Mississippi 304 0 0 2 0 0 302 0 0
Missouri 174 0 0 9 2 4 159 0 0
Montana 499 4 0 1 0 364 130 0 0
Nebraska 95 0 0 0 0 0 95 0 0
Nevada 122 0 0 54 0 67 1 0 0
New Hampshire 137 2 1 5 0 2 120 0 0
New Jersey 708 0 1 150 0 516 41 0 0
New Mexico 7 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0
New York 804 0 0 1 0 0 803 0 0
North Carolina 2,142 0 4 351 0 1,784 3 0 0
North Dakota 38 0 0 0 0 0 37 1 0
Ohio 290 8 5 8 9 1 257 0 2
Oklahoma 71 0 0 1 0 0 70 0 0
Oregon 676 16 72 128 0 392 68 0 0
Pennsylvania 3,881 9 81 3,697 5 79 8 0 0
Puerto Rico 30 1 4 14 5 6 0 0 0
Rhode Island 89 0 0 0 0 2 87 0 0
South Carolina 241 0 0 1 0 218 22 0 0
South Dakota 112 0 0 0 0 0 112 0 0
Tennessee 543 0 0 1 0 17 525 0 0
Texas 796 4 11 24 2 2 753 0 0
Utah 78 0 0 3 0 0 75 0 0
Vermont 53 0 1 4 2 44 2 0 0
Virginia 697 0 2 5 0 4 686 0 0
Washington 315 5 3 12 4 6 280 0 0
West Virginia 256 0 6 1 0 1 248 0 0
Wisconsin 276 0 0 0 0 1 275 0 0
Wyoming 61 0 0 0 0 0 61 0 0
Total 37,735 2,209 1,114 11,092 636 9,835 12,796 4 0
Source: 2005 NBI data (2).
Note: Not all inspection intervals are shown.
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TABLE F3
INSPECTION INTERVALS--FRACTURE-CRITICAL
INSPECTION
Bridges and Culverts
Total
Fracture Inspection Interval, Months
DOT Critical 48
Alabama 260 21 94 145 0 0 0
Alaska 103 9 2 53 0 39 0
Arizona 65 10 12 28 0 2 13
Arkansas 347 4 320 23 0 0 0
California 1,007 6 15 978 0 0 8
Colorado 207 32 8 166 0 0 1
Connecticut 169 0 5 164 0 0 0
Delaware 29 1 4 24 0 0 0
Dist. of Columbia 13 1 0 11 0 0 0
Florida 339 2 119 217 0 1 0
Georgia 82 0 81 1 0 0 0
Hawaii 10 2 0 8 0 0 0
Idaho 173 3 91 77 0 1 1
Illinois 550 0 17 453 0 9 71
Indiana 523 12 45 464 0 0 2
Iowa 1,660 16 502 1,140 0 0 2
Kansas 1,109 6 586 383 2 48 78
Kentucky 349 60 3 280 0 0 6
Louisiana 142 3 53 86 0 0 0
Maine 45 0 3 42 0 0 0
Maryland 285 3 52 196 0 0 34
Massachusetts 329 6 2 320 0 0 0
Michigan 105 22 11 31 12 0 0
Minnesota 248 0 0 1 0 84 163
Mississippi 244 0 111 133 0 0 0
Missouri 1,589 0 12 1,576 0 0 0
Montana 310 0 1 309 0 0 0
Nebraska 1,289 1 130 1,158 0 0 0
Nevada 34 7 7 20 0 0 0
New Hampshire 144 25 43 74 0 0 2
New Jersey 652 2 5 639 0 4 1
New Mexico 53 3 47 3 0 0 0
New York 1,777 0 436 1,341 0 0 0
North Carolina 140 0 1 139 0 0 0
North Dakota 239 0 0 5 0 9 225
Ohio 1,099 23 1,026 32 2 0 16
Oklahoma 754 21 348 385 0 0 0
Oregon 347 4 9 322 0 0 12
Pennsylvania 1,896 44 455 1,375 0 12 7
Puerto Rico 22 1 12 6 0 0 0
Rhode Island 35 1 34 0 0 0 0
South Carolina 65 0 37 28 0 0 0
South Dakota 228 0 29 199 0 0 0
Tennessee 271 0 5 263 0 0 0
Texas 624 2 21 232 0 0 369
Utah 62 0 0 62 0 0 0
Vermont 161 0 8 153 0 0 0
Virginia 344 11 287 37 0 6 2
Washington 364 11 4 342 0 0 7
West Virginia 563 6 186 368 0 0 3
Wisconsin 116 1 1 114 0 0 0
Wyoming 97 2 12 10 0 73 0
Total 21,668 384 5,292 14,616 16 288 1,023
Source: 2005 NBI data (2).
Note: Not all inspection intervals are shown.
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TABLE F4
PERIODIC TASKS IN ROUTINE INSPECTION
DOT Inspection Scope Interval Notes
Eastern Federal Cross-channel profile Component 24 months Along substructures
Lands Vertical clearance Component 24 months Clearance <16 ft
Vertical clearance Component 72 months Clearance >16 ft
Vertical clearance Component 72 months Clearance <16 ft, agricultural
crossing
Missouri Wading Component 2460 months During routine inspection
New Jersey Underwater Type 1 24 months Channel cross section and scour
evaluation; no diver
New York Fathometer readings Component 24 months Scour documentation for bridges
along fascias + over water
profiles along
substructures
Oregon Cross-channel profile Component As work load Bridge is not scour critical
permits
Cross-channel profile Component At next regular Scour critical
inspection
Cross-channel profile Component 24 months Channel condition (61) 5 or less
Cross-channel profile Component 24 months Scour SmartFlag in state 2 or 3
Cross-channel profile Component 48 months Scour code (113) is 3 or U
Cross-channel profile Component 48 months Channel condition (61) > 6
Cross-channel profile Component 48 months Scour SmartFlag in state 1
Cross-channel profile Component 120 months Scour code (113) is 4 or greater
Cross-channel profile Component 120 months Channel condition (61) > 7
Cross-channel profile Component 120 months Scour SmartFlag not on
Timber member Component Immediate Hollow sound, borer or beetle
boring report activity, bulging, splits, cracks
noted during routine inspection
Timber member Component 96 months Structure located west of the
boring report Coast Range and in service
longer than 20 years
Timber member Component 120 months Structure located in western
boring report Oregon and in service longer
than 25 years
Timber member Component 144 months Structure located east of the
boring report Cascades and in service longer
than 30 years
Pennsylvania Routine, close-up, Component 72 months Areas without hands-on in other
hands-on routine inspections, as noted in
inspection report
Tennessee Cursory--substructure Component 24 months Substructure in shallow water
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TABLE F5
ACCESS FOR ROUTINE INSPECTION
DOT Inspection Scope Interval Notes
Connecticut Box beams--Bridges Component Interior inspection full length for
with three or more box every cycle
beams
Eastern Federal Interior of box girders Component Enter every inspection
Lands UBIV Component 120 months High bridge (>40 ft)
UBIV--Bearings Component 120 months Bearings not fully visible
Idaho Confined space Component
inspection
Reach-all inspection Component 48 months
Iowa Limited--Not close up Entire 24 months Bridges in good condition and not
fracture critical
Can replace 1 or 2 cycles of routine
inspection; by NBIS team leader
Regular--Close-up as Entire 48 months For bridges getting limited
needed inspections, but subject to scour
Regular--Close-up as Entire 72 months For bridges getting limited
needed inspections
Maryland Confined spaces Component
inspection
New Jersey UBIV Component Snooper inspections
New York Access equipment Component Bridge files show need for special
equipment during inspection
Ohio Access equipment Component Require riggers, divers, or other
personnel with special skills
Oklahoma Long and tall bridges Component Snooper inspection of "Long and
Tall" bridges that are not fracture
critical
Oregon Interior of box girders Component Every cycle Elements visible only from inside
Interior of box girders Component Every cycle If signs of active corrosion
Interior of box girders Component Every cycle If fatigue cracking is noted
Interior of box girders Component 48 months Areas where water is known to
puddle
Interior of box girders Component 72 months Curve girders subject to out-of-
plane distortion
Interior of box girders Component 120 months All box girder sections
Major bridge inspection Entire Requires climbing or special skills
UBIV Tall bridge requiring UBIV
Pennsylvania Access equipment Component Areas needing special access by
only--A cranes, lifts, rigging, etc.
UBIV = under bridge inspection vehicle; NBIS = National Bridge Inspection Standards.
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TABLE F6
ROUTINE INSPECTION OF STRUCTURE TYPES AND DETAILS
DOT Inspection Scope Interval Note
Alabama Special A--Segmental
concrete
Special B--Cable stayed
Special C--Suspension
and movable bridges
Special J--Long-span
metal culverts and
structural plate culverts
Alaska Cathodic protection Component
system inspections
California Special feature--Close Component Fatigue-prone details that are
up not fracture critical
Florida Cantilever superstructure Component Inspect pin and hanger
Illinois Fatigue prone Component Fatigue-prone details
Pin and hanger Component Pins and hangers in the main
load-carrying elements
Iowa Intermediate fatigue, Component 12, 24, or 36 Mid-interval inspection for
close-up months fatigue-vulnerable bridge
Pin, hanger Component 60 months Using NDT
Fatigue, close-up Component 72 months Fatigue-vulnerable bridges; not
fracture critical; no cracks
Michigan Segmental, Segmental post-tensioned
post-tensioned bridges
Hydraulic engineering Inspections related to hydraulic
engineering
Montana Pin and hanger Component 48 months Pin and hangar for redundant
structure
New Jersey Pin and hanger Component Pin and hanger assemblies
North Dakota Segmental box bridges Segmental box bridges
Ohio Accessories Lighting, fencing, glare screen,
splash guard, catwalks, other
Oklahoma Electronic distance meter Component Monitor pier movement
Oregon Major bridge inspection Unusual or complex features
Major bridge inspection Inordinate amount of time
required
Suspension span Suspension bridge
Cable-stayed span Cable-stayed bridge
Pennsylvania Critical elements Component Critical elements of complex
structures may be inspected
separately using special
equipment or personnel
Prestressed concrete Prestressed concrete segmental
segmental bridges
Rhode Island Concrete segmental Concrete segmental bridge
bridge
Tied-arch bridge Tied-arch bridge
Tennessee Suspension bridge Suspension bridge
Cable-stayed bridge Cable-stayed bridge
Texas External post-tensioned External post-tensioned tendons
tendons
(continued )
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TABLE F6 (Continued)
ROUTINE INSPECTION OF STRUCTURE TYPES AND DETAILS
DOT Inspection Scope Interval Note
Virginia Routine 12 months Concrete structure with
unknown reinforcing details
Pin and hanger Component Pin and hangers
Pin and hanger--UT Component During Redundant structures with new
scheduled or newly replaced pins
inspection
Fatigue prone Component Fatigue-prone details
Washington Special feature-- High-strength steel
High-strength steel
Special feature-- Pins/hangers; redundant
Pins/hangers, redundant structure
structures
Special feature--Floating 12 months Floating bridge; inspect for
bridge water tightness of pontoons
Special feature-- 12 months Segmental bridge
Segmental bridge
Special feature-- 12 months Suspension bridge
Suspension bridge
Special feature-- 12 months Cable-stayed bridge
Cable-stayed bridge
Floating bridge-- Component 24 months Electrical and mechanical
Equipment systems
UT = ultrasonic testing.
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TABLE F7
ROUTINE, HANDS-ON INSPECTION
DOT Name Location on Component Notes
Alabama Routine Most routine inspections are hands-on
Special D--Pin Close-up inspection of pin and hanger
and hanger
details
Alaska Routine Extent of hands-on varies as needed
Arizona Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report
Arkansas Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report and in database
California Hands-on Electronic notes; not Extent of hands-on varies as needed
searchable
Connecticut Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report; excluded areas
also noted
100% hands-on Box beams--Curved
100% hands-on Box beams--Bridges with one or two
box beams
100% hands-on Tension members of trusses
100% hands-on Welded connections for lateral bracing
100% hands-on All nonredundant members
100% hands-on Rusted areas of members
100% hands-on All bearings
100% hands-on Metal deck connections
100% hands-on Welds in tension
100% hands-on Repaired welds
100% hands-on Fatigue-prone welds
Delaware Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report
Eastern Federal Hands-on Some post-tensioned structures; every
Lands cycle
Hands-on Bearings, if accessible
Post-tensioned Every square foot must be viewed; use
box girders UBIV as required.
Hands-on At least some sounding of concrete
Hands-on At least some probing of timber
Hands-on Clean and inspect representative area of
bearings
Florida Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report
Idaho Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report and in database
Iowa Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report and in database
Kentucky Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report and in database
Maine Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
electronic report, not
database
Maryland Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report and in database
Michigan Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
web-based report
Missouri Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report and in database
(continued )
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TABLE F7 (Continued)
ROUTINE, HANDS-ON INSPECTION
DOT Name Location on Component Notes
Nevada Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report and in database
New Jersey Hands-on Tension areas of steel boxes
Steel pier caps
Steel two-girder bridges
New York Special emphasis Locations identified in Nonredundant metal superstructure
hands-on, 0.5 m report
Special emphasis Locations identified in Fracture-critical metal superstructure
hands-on, 0.5 m report
Special emphasis Locations identified in Stringers within 1 m of connection to
hands-on, 0.5 m report floorbeam
Special emphasis Locations identified in Pin/hanger + main member within 1 m
hands-on, 0.5 m report
Special emphasis Locations identified in Fatigue-vulnerable elements
hands-on, 0.5 m report
Special emphasis Locations identified in Welded backup bars
hands-on, 0.5 m report
Special emphasis Locations identified in Welded tension areas and stress reversal
hands-on, 0.5 m report areas
Special emphasis Locations identified in Welded repairs to main members
hands-on, 0.5 m report
Special emphasis Locations identified in Bearing stools fabricated from welded
hands-on, 0.5 m report shapes
Special emphasis Locations identified in Splices in multispan through girders
hands-on, 0.5 m report
Special emphasis Locations identified in Details subject to out-of-plane distortion
hands-on, 0.5 m report
Special emphasis Locations identified in Concrete deck haunches
hands-on, 0.5 m report
Special emphasis Locations identified in Steel staggered diaphragms
hands-on, 0.5 m report
North Carolina Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report
North Dakota Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
electronic report
Ohio Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report and in database
Oregon Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report and electronic
notes
Pennsylvania Hands-on Locations identified in Vulnerable areas, poor condition areas
report and in database
Hands-on Locations identified in Any component without hands-on
report and in database inspection in 72 months
Hands-on Locations identified in Load-carrying members in poor
report and in database condition
Hands-on Locations identified in Fracture-critical member with less than
report and in database 10 years remaining life
Hands-on Locations identified in Fracture-critical member where
report and in database displacement-induced fatigue is
critical
Hands-on Locations identified in Redundancy retrofit systems (e.g.,
report and in database catcher beams) for fracture-critical
details (pin and hangers, etc.)
Hands-on Locations identified in Critical sections of controlling members
report and in database on posted bridges
Hands-on Locations identified in Scour-critical substructure units
report and in database
Hands-on Locations identified in End regions of steel girders or beams
report and in database under deck joint
Hands-on Locations identified in Cantilever portions of concrete piers or
report and in database bents in fair or lesser condition
(continued )
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TABLE F7 (Continued)
ROUTINE, HANDS-ON INSPECTION
DOT Name Location on Component Notes
Hands-on Locations identified in Ends of prestressed concrete beams at
report and in database continuity diaphragms
Hands-on Locations identified in Precast concrete bridge parapets
report and in database
Rhode Island Hands-on All routine inspections are hands-on
Tennessee Hands-on Routine inspections are hands-on
Texas Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report
Vermont Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report
Virginia Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report
Fatigue prone AASHTO fatigue categories D or worse
and ADTT 500 or more
AASHTO fatigue categories D or worse
and Interstate route
Washington Hands-on Locations identified in Most routine inspection is hands-on;
report and in electronic extent of hands-on varies as needed
notes
West Virginia Hands-on Locations identified in Extent of hands-on varies as needed
report and in electronic
notes
UBIV = under bridge inspection vehicle; ADTT = average daily truck traffic.
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TABLE F8
IN-DEPTH INSPECTIONS
DOT Name Scope Interval Notes
Connecticut Class I in-depth Entire 120 Team is Lead Inspector and Bridge
months Inspector; hands-on entire deck soffit
max. In place of hands-on inspection that
cycle
Senior engineer must be present.
Includes stream cross sections; new
clearance diagram
Class II in-depth Entire 120 Team is Lead Inspector and Bridge
months Inspector with 25% time of Engineer
max. III for critical parts. Hands-on entire
deck soffit
In place of hands-on inspection that
cycle
Senior engineer must be present.
Includes stream cross sections; new
clearance diagram
Class II in-depth Entire 120 Team is Lead Inspector and Bridge
months Inspector with Engineer III leading the
max. inspection. Hands-on entire deck
soffit
In place of hands-on inspection that
cycle
Senior engineer must be present.
Includes stream cross sections; new
clearance diagram
In-depth (all bridge Entire Deck survey. Half-cell potentials for
classes) exposed concrete surface. Hammer
tapping of all cracked areas. Chain
drag all surfaces
Hands-on access to entire
superstructures; maps of damage/loss.
Ultrasonic testing of all nonredundant
pins and hangers. 3 ft distance is OK.
Ultrasonic testing on welds in fracture-
critical members. 10 ft x 10 ft
sounding grid for channel
Measure all expansion bearings. Tap all
anchor bolts. Probing of 50% of
timber members. Arch profile against
springline
Plumb bob check for all substructure
units
In-depth (all culvert Entire Culverts measure water velocity
classes) upstream, downstream, and hydraulic
opening
Florida In-depth pin/hanger Component 24 Ultrasonic inspection of pins and
months hangers for suspended spans
Storm event--Level 3 In-depth inspection based on findings of
Level 1 or 2 inspection
Michigan 25-year-old bridge Entire Do "Detail" inspection
Fatigue-prone details Component 36 Redundant bridges having fatigue-prone
months details
New Jersey Fracture critical Entire 48 Alternate inspection cycles
months
(continued )
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TABLE F10
FRACTURE-CRITICAL INSPECTIONS
DOT Name Scope Interval Notes
Alabama Fracture-critical details Component 24 months
Connecticut Fracture critical-- Rotating 25% of details receive hands-on
secondary roads Bridges not on Interstate or other limited-
access highway
Eastern Federal Fracture critical Component 24 months Fracture-susceptible bridges
Lands Fracture critical w/NDE Component 120 months Includes use of nondestructive testing
UBIV fracture critical Component
Iowa Fatigue Component 24 months Fracture-critical bridges, bridges with arrested
cracks
Minnesota Fracture critical 12 months
Missouri Comprehensive
fracture-critical
inspection
Most fracture-critical
member
Montana Fracture critical Component 24 months
New Jersey Fracture critical Component 24 months Hands-on for vulnerable areas and details
Fracture critical-- Entire 48 month In-depth for alternate inspection cycles
In-depth
North Carolina Fracture critical
Rhode Island Fracture critical 12 months
Oregon Level 2-- Component 12 months Base metal is ASTM A7, A8, A94, A242,
Fracture-critical A440, A514, or A517 steel
inspection
Level 2-- Component 24 months Age of structure > 30 years
Fracture-critical ADTT > 1000
inspection
Level 2-- Component 48 months Age of structure < 30 years
Fracture-critical ADTT < 1000
inspection
Level 2-- Component Base metal has low values of toughness in
Fracture-critical field situations; similar to A514 or A517
inspection
Level 2-- Component Nonredundant riveted or bolted members in
Fracture-critical tension
inspection
Level 2-- Component Bending with no welding present
Fracture-critical
inspection
Level 2-- Component Detail vulnerable to fatigue or collision
Fracture-critical damage
inspection
Level 2-- Component Nonredundant riveted or bolted members with
Fracture-critical tack welding present
inspection
Level 2-- Component Nonredundant welded members in bending
Fracture-critical
inspection
Level 2-- Component Nonredundant welded members in direct
Fracture-critical tension
inspection
Level 2-- Component Pin and hanger assembly--Perform an initial
Fracture-critical UT of the pin and hangers and follow-up at
inspection least every 4 years
Level 2-- Component E or E' detail--Perform an initial UT of the
Fracture-critical detail and follow up at least every 4 years
inspection
Level 2-- Component 72 months Age of structure > 30 years
Fracture-critical Rolled members with no welds present
inspection
(continued )
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TABLE F10 (Continued)
FRACTURE-CRITICAL INSPECTIONS
DOT Name Scope Interval Notes
Level 2-- Component ADTT > 1,000
Fracture-critical Rolled members with no welds present
inspection
Level 2-- Component 120 months Age of structure < 30 years
Fracture-critical Rolled members with no welds present
inspection ADTT < 1,000
Rolled members with no welds present
Pennsylvania In-depth--Fracture Entire 120 months Fracture-critical member in fair or lesser
critical condition
Span 150 ft
180 months Fracture-critical member in good condition
Virginia Fracture critical Component 12 months
Washington Fracture critical Component 24 months
Wisconsin Fracture critical Component 72 months
UBIV = under bridge inspection vehicle; UT = ultrasonic testing ; NDE = nondestructive evaluation; ADTT = average
daily truck traffic.
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TABLE F11
COMPLEX BRIDGES, INSPECTIONS, AND TEAMS
Complex
DOT Staff/Training Complex Inspections and Structures
Alabama Master list of structures with unique or special features
Alaska Yes Yes
Arizona
Arkansas
California Experience, No formal designations of structures or methods, but engineering
but not oversight and judgment within districts
training Engineers investigate inspection practices for the "complex" bridges in
their inventories and apply them to their inspections.
Connecticut Yes Formal definition of three levels of structural complexity with defined
team size and technical grade
Delaware Yes Dye-Penetrant Test Training
UBIV/Snooper Training for driving and operation
Florida Yes Managers/supervisors provide technical guidance to inspection team
training:
Complex Bridge Inspection Course
Movable Bridge Inspection Course
Inspection Procedures for Trunnion Shafts of Vertical Lift Bridges
Hanger and Pin Assemblies of Cantilever Superstructure Systems
Iowa Yes
Kentucky Yes Specific training or experience for some inspections
Maine Yes
Maryland Yes Drawbridge inspections require electrical and mechanical engineers for
equipment
Michigan Yes Segmental post-tensioned bridges
Some inspections related to hydraulic engineering
Montana Yes Master list of bridges with special features. These must receive special
inspections
Inspection team will include specialists, as needed
Nevada
New Jersey Yes Open-deck railroad bridges--Special attention to condition of ties
Ultrasonic inspections
Movable bridges
New Mexico
New York No Require all inspectors to handle any bridge
Inventory indicates need for special equipment during inspection
North Carolina No Require all inspectors to handle any bridge
North Dakota Yes Training for segmental box bridges
Ohio Yes Major bridges identified by span length and structure type
Inspectors must demonstrate adequate experience
In-depth inspection may require riggers, divers, or other personnel with
special skills
Oklahoma Yes Snooper inspection of "Long and Tall" bridges that are not fracture
critical
Monitoring pier movement with an electronic distance measuring
device
Oregon Yes Special expertise or equipment may be needed for:
Movable bridge
Suspension or cable-stayed bridge
Tall bridge
(continued )
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TABLE F11 (Continued)
COMPLEX BRIDGES, INSPECTIONS, AND TEAMS
Complex
DOT Staff/Training Complex Inspections and Structures
Pennsylvania Yes Prestressed concrete segmental bridges
More experienced team leaders are used for more complex inspections
Critical elements of complex structures may be inspected separately for
use of special equipment or personnel
Consultants hired for complex inspection by central office
Rhode Island Yes One concrete segmental bridge
One tied-arch bridge
South Dakota No No complex bridges identified
Tennessee No Movable, suspension, or cable-stayed bridges
Other bridges with unusual characteristics
No special qualifications for personnel
Texas Yes Unusual features such as external post-tensioned tendons
For complex bridge inspections, consultants must have as project
manager a PE with 7 years bridge inspection experience and BIRM
training. At least one year of experience must be with complex
bridges. The team leader for complex inspections must have 6 years
bridge inspection experience and BIRM training.
Utah Yes Yes
Vermont
Virginia Yes Movable bridge team is an electrical engineer, a bridge safety engineer,
and a mechanical engineer.
Washington Yes DOT keeps master list of bridges with special features or needing
special equipment.
Bridge Preservation Office has Special Structures Unit for complex
types including:
Movable bridges
Floating bridges
Suspension bridges
Cable-stayed bridges
Precast segmental bridges
Ferry terminals
West Virginia No No
UBIV = under bridge inspection vehicles; BIRM = Bridge Inspector's Reference Manual.
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TABLE F12
ROUTINE INSPECTIONS OF MOVABLE BRIDGES
DOT Name Scope Interval Note
Alabama Special C-- Entire
Suspension and
movable bridges
Florida Movable bridge 12 months Poor condition
Movable portion Operation 12 months
Maryland Drawbridge Equipment Team has electrical engineer and
mechanical engineer
Michigan Movable equipment, Equipment 72 months Movable bridge equipment
routine
New Jersey Movable Bridge-- Equipment In-depth electrical, mechanical equipment
Type I inspection
Movable Bridge-- Equipment Medium-depth electrical, mechanical
Type II equipment inspection
Movable Bridge-- Equipment Visually monitor operation of electrical,
Type III mechanical equipment
North Movable span
Carolina inspections
Oregon Movable bridge Entire 12 months Cursory inspection for operation
Virginia Movable bridge Special team having an electrical
engineer, a bridge safety engineer, and a
mechanical engineer
Washington Movable bridge Operation 1 month Trial opening of span
operation
Special feature-- 12 months Inspector has special training or
Movable experience
Movable bridge Equipment 72 months In-depth for electrical and mechanical
equipment equipment
Wisconsin Movable bridge 12 months
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TABLE F13
ROUTINE INTERIM INSPECTION
DOT Inspection Scope Interval Notes
Alabama Special K-- Posted bridge
Interim
inspection
Special L-- Bridges with condition codes of 4 or less
Interim
inspection
Connecticut Interim--Load Component Posted bridge
posted
Interim--Pin Component Monitor pin and hanger
and hanger
Eastern Interim-- Priority A--zero remaining life
Federal Structurally Priority B--2 to 5 years remaining life
Lands deficient
Florida Interim Component Condition rating <5
Regular Entire 6 months Condition rating 3, for deck,
superstructure, substructure, channel,
culvert, or approach roadway
Regular Entire 12 months Condition rating = 4, for deck,
superstructure, substructure, channel,
culvert, or approach roadway
Maryland Out-of-cycle Component
inspection
Michigan Bridge deck Component 9 to 15 Deck condition rating = 3
months
Concrete Component 9 months Substructure condition rating = 3
substructure max.
15 months Substructure condition rating = 4
max.
Concrete tee Component 9 months High-load hit--Rebar exposed
beam max.
15 months Main rebar exposed
max.
Posted-- 9 months Weakened by deterioration
Deterioration max.
Posted--Design 9 to 15 Designed to lower standard
months
Prestressed box Component 15 months Shear cracks
beam max. Beam exhibits lateral movement
Prestressed I Component 9 months Loss of bearing at two adjacent beams
beam max.
15 months Loss of bearing/spall
max.
Scour critical 15 months On scour critical list
max.
Steel Component <6 months Steel section loss 25%
superstructure Fatigue cracks
9 months High-load hit
max. Temporary supports for beams
New Jersey Interim Component 12 months Load posted for operating rating
inspection Superstructure condition rating 3 or less
Substructure condition rating 3 or less
New York Fathometer Component 12 months Scour rating 1 or 2. Active structural flag for
survey, channel scour
cross section 24 months Scour rating 3
Interim Entire 12 months General recommendation 3, assigned by
(Type 2) inspector
Interim Entire Condition rating weighted average 3,
(Type 2) computed by NYSDOT data system
Interim Entire Inactive red flag or active yellow flag
(Type 2)
Interim Entire Posted bridge
(Type 2)
Interim Entire Poor condition
(Type 2)
(continued )
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TABLE F13 (Continued)
ROUTINE INTERIM INSPECTION
DOT Inspection Scope Interval Notes
Interim Entire Unrepaired critical findings
(Type 2)
Interim Entire Posted bridge
(Type 2)
Ohio Interim <12 General appraisal 2 or less (9 to 0 scale, "2"
months is critical)
Drastic load reductions (~75%)
Oregon Interim <12 Load capacity issue
months Local failures possible
Concrete shear cracks continue to grow
Serious traffic hazard
12 months Primary structural element condition rating
<3
Primary structural element deteriorated and
affecting load capacity of bridge
General condition of bridge is poor
Temporary repair of primary structural
element is in poor condition
Operating rating factor <1 for any of three
permit truck configurations
Routine-- Entire 6 months Signs of culvert failure exists; bottom
Culvert buckling in CMP, etc.
12 months Culvert (62) condition 3 or 4. Any culvert
element quantity in state 4
Pennsylvania Interim Component 24 months Between routine inspections, to provide
(special)--I reduced interval for component
Routine Entire 6 months Condition rating 3 or less for fracture-critical
superstructure
Routine Entire 12 months Condition rating 3 or less for superstructure,
substructure, or culvert; not fracture-critical
Condition rating 4 or less for fracture-critical
superstructure
Routine Entire 6 months Temporary bridge
Bridge with temporary support
12 months Posted bridges
Special Component <24 Examine known or expected deficiencies
months
Virginia Pin and Component 6 months Frozen pins/hangers, non-redundant
hanger-- structures
Ultrasonic 12 months Frozen pins/hangers, redundant structures
testing Non-redundant structures. New or newly
replaced pins
Routine 12 months Restricted weight limit
Component 12 months General condition rating <4
Wisconsin Interim Component 12 months Suspect details. Unscheduled inspection
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TABLE F14
FORTY-EIGHT-MONTH INTERVAL FOR ROUTINE INSPECTION
DOT Inspection Interval Notes
Connecticut Routine--Bridges 48 months In service four years
Had in-depth inspection
Condition ratings 6 or better
HS 30 inventory
Single span
<100 ft span
Less than 75 years old
14 ft vertical clearance
ADT < 125,000
ADTT < 10%
Eastern Federal Lands Bridges 48 months Main elements condition rating >5
Montana NBI/element level inspection 48 months Prestressed structures
MDT design standards
Length < 100 ft
Known good condition
Oregon Routine--Culvert 48 months Culvert (62) condition 6 or better
Element state 100% 1 or 2
ADT = average daily traffic; ADTT = average daily truck traffic; MDT = Montana Department of Transportation.
TABLE F15
SPECIAL INSPECTIONS
DOT Name Notes
Connecticut Deck surveys Damage mapping for deck. Visual inspection, hammer tapping,
additional testing as necessary
Joint measurements Measurement for monitoring
Settlement Measurement for monitoring
Interim A Pin and hanger or hinge measurements
Interim B Shiplap measurements
Interim C Tipping/settlement of substructure
Interim D Lateral movement of beams and bearings
Interim E Temporary bents and supports
Interim F Crack growth
Interim G Check for scour or undermining
Delaware Storm inspection Live, remote monitoring of scour vulnerable bridges during high
flow periods
Live, remote monitoring of flow in selected waterways
Eastern Concrete deck Component investigation
Federal studies
Lands Vertical clearance After new overlay or rehabilitation
Florida Storm event--Level 1 Site visit to verify that approaches are intact with no obvious problem
Storm event--Level 2 Measure channel profile
Storm event--Level 3 In-depth inspection based on findings of Level 1 or 2 inspection
Iowa Local surveillance To monitor specific elements; NBIS team leader preferred but not
required
Maryland Ultrasonic inspection
of pins
Michigan Scoping Selection for bridge program. Development of repair project. More
precise evaluations such as deck sounding and beam thickness
measurements after cleaning. Information is given to the previous
bridge inspector to adjust their ratings.
New York Special--Type 5 Address maintenance or inspection concerns unique to bridge. Results
not entered in database.
North Ultrasonic inspections
Carolina
Oregon Concrete corrosion
survey
Pennsylvania Interim (special) Limited to critical areas
Special (problem Special areas as directed by management
area)--P
Tennessee Repair Verify repairs done to bridge
NBIS = National Bridge Inspection Standards.
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TABLE F16
ROUTINE INSPECTION OF MINOR BRIDGES AND NON-BRIDGES
DOT Inspection Interval Note
Connecticut Sign structure 48 months Overhead sign support
Florida Ferry slip Ferry slip
Sign structure 24 months Overhead sign
Tunnel Tunnel
Iowa Pedestrian 48 months Pedestrian bridge--Inspect for hazards to highway below.
bridge Inspect for high load hits. Inspection by NBIS team leader.
Owner notified of conditions needing attention.
Railroad 48 months Railroad bridge--Inspect for hazards to highway below.
bridge Inspect for high-load hits. Inspection by NBIS team leader.
Owner notified of conditions needing attention.
Maryland Electrified Electrified railroad bridges
railroad
bridge
Michigan Minor bridge State DOT inspects spans down to 10 ft. Local agencies are
only required to inspect structures 20 ft and above.
Pedestrian Pedestrian bridges. NBI procedures, but not reported to
bridge FHWA
Railroad Railroad bridge over public road. NBI procedures, but not
bridge reported to FHWA
Montana Minor bridge Spans down to 8 ft on national and state highway systems, or
on transporter erector routes
New Jersey Minor Inspected as funds allow
culverts
Noise wall Noise reduction walls
Railroad Open deck railroad bridges. Inspect condition of ties as
bridge hazard to road below
New York Sign structure Overhead sign structure; rating scale similar to bridges
Oregon Adjacent All structures, over or adjacent to public roads, that in failure
structure would cause immediate danger to traveling public
Minor bridge Minor structures; spans down to 6 ft
Tunnel Tunnels
Pennsylvania Conveyor belt Conveyor belts
High-mast High-mast lighting
light
Highway 24 months Non-bridge over highway. Inspection limited to highway
environs--H environs
Minor 24 months Bridge spans 8 to 20 ft
bridge--R
Minor 24 months Routine and underwater inspection. Bridge spans 8 ft to 20 ft
bridge--W
Miscellaneous 24 months Other miscellaneous structure; NBIS style
--M
Noise walls-- 24 months Noise walls; NBIS style
M
Overhead 24 months Overhead, non-highway bridge. Inspection usually
structure--O performed by owner.
Pipe truss Pipe trusses
Retaining 24 months Retaining walls; NBIS style
Wall--M
Sign 24 months Sign structure; NBIS-like inspection
structure--S
Utility
structures
Tennessee Minor bridge Minor structures with spans of 4 ft or more and fill/cover
less than 16 ft
Virginia Minor culvert 48 months Any minor structure not identified as culvert
Minor culvert 48 months Minor culvert with opening greater than 36 square feet
Overhead 24 months Overhead structures. Vertical and lateral clearances
structure
(continued )
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TABLE F16 (Continued)
ROUTINE INSPECTION OF MINOR BRIDGES AND NON-BRIDGES
DOT Inspection Interval Note
Washington Ferry terminal 12 months Ferry terminal--Vehicle transfer spans
Ferry terminal--Other structures/areas
24 months Ferry terminal--Vehicle transfer spans. In-depth inspection
Ferry terminal--Other structures/areas. In-depth inspection
Ferry terminal 12 months Ferry terminal equipment. Electrical systems, mechanical
equipment systems, hoists
Ferry terminal 12 months Soundings at vehicle transfer spans of ferry terminals
soundings
Highway lid 60 months
Minor bridge 72 months Bridge span < 20 ft, on STRAHNET highway
Bridge span < 20 ft, operating rating less than HS 10
Bridge span < 20 ft, vertical clearance < 18 ft
Single steel or concrete spans 6 ft to 20 ft
Steel corrugated pipes, spans 8 ft to 20 ft
Timber spans 4 ft to 20 ft
Multiple pipe 72 months Multiple pipes out to 10 ft to 20 ft
Multiple span 72 months Multiple spans 8 ft to 20 ft
Overhead Safety inspection of structures crossing state-owned
structures facilities
Pedestrian 60 months Pedestrian bridge
bridge
Private bridge 60 months Private bridges over public highways
Sign structure Sign bridges
Tunnel 24 months Tunnels
NBIS = National Bridge Inspection Standards; STRAHNET = Strategic Highway Network.
TABLE F17
U.S. INFORMAL INSPECTIONS
Stored in
Maintenance State Public Bridge File Stored in
DOT Source Police Source Source (paper) BMS/Database
Alaska Yes Yes If significant
Arizona No
Arkansas No
California Yes Yes
Delaware Yes Yes
Idaho No
Iowa Yes No
Kentucky Yes
Maine Yes Inspection report
Maryland Yes Yes Yes
Michigan Yes
Missouri Yes No
Nevada Yes
New Mexico No
New York No
North Carolina Yes No
(Annual ride by)
North Dakota Yes
Ohio Yes No
Oregon Yes Yes Inspection report
Pennsylvania Yes
Rhode Island Yes No
South Dakota Yes No
Texas Yes No
Utah No
Vermont Yes No
Virginia No
Washington Yes Yes Inspection report
West Virginia Yes
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TABLE F18
BRIDGE MONITORING
DOT Method Notes
Alabama Visual monitor Of known defect, by maintenance crew
Alaska Measurement Vertical or horizontal survey
Arizona Visual monitor Of known defect, by maintenance crew
Measurement Movement
Arkansas Measurement Deflection, differential movement
California Visual monitor Real-time monitor during high water
Measurement Crack gages, deck grades, EDM, Stringline
Instrumentation Remote scour monitoring for scour-critical bridges
Delaware Measurement Deflection, elevations, movement, settlement
Eastern Federal Lands Visual monitor
Idaho Measurement Crack length, crack progress
Iowa Visual monitor By district personnel; might not be team leader
Measurement Crack opening, movement
Kentucky Visual monitor For scour
Measurement Crack gage
Maine Measurement Crack growth, element rotation
Instrumentation Acoustic emission
Maryland Measurement Crack opening, deflection, movement
Instrumentation
Missouri Visual monitor For scour
Measurement Crack opening, deflection, movement
Montana Visual monitor
Nevada Instrumentation As appropriate until repaired
New Jersey Visual monitor Tracking defect without interim inspection
Instrumentation For scour displacement probes, sonar probes
New Mexico Measurement Crack opening, deflection
New York Measurement Crack growth
North Carolina Visual monitor
North Dakota Visual monitor For progress of defect
Measurement Crack growth, movement
Ohio Measurement Crack monitor
Oklahoma Measurement Movement
Oregon Measurement Crack growth
Instrumentation Acoustic emission, strain gages
Pennsylvania Visual monitor For scour, after high water by maintenance crew or county
manager
Measurement Movement
Instrumentation Inclinometers, strain gages, other detectors
South Dakota Visual monitor For known defect
Tennessee Visual monitor For known defect
Texas Instrumentation Acoustic emission
Measurement Crack growth
Utah Measurement Crack opening
Instrumentation Ultrasound, electrochemical crack detection
Vermont Visual monitor For scour after high water, for crack growth, for movement
Virginia Visual monitor For known defect
Washington Visual monitor For known defect
Measurement Movement, settlement, streambed profile
West Virginia Visual monitor For known defect
Measurement Crack opening, deflection, movement
Instrumentation Acoustic emission, strain gages,
EDM = electronic distance meter.
