Biologic Markers of Air-Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests

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Biologic Markers of Air-Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests (1989)
Commission on Life Sciences (CLS)

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282

Front Matter (R1-R14)

Executive Summary (1-4)

Introduction (5-5)

Using Markers in Combination (6-6)

The Workshop (7-10)

Establishing Cause-and-Effect Relationships (11-14)

Using Markers in Surveys and Experimental Studies (15-16)

A Strategy for Using Biologic Markers of Stress in Forests (17-21)

Conclusions and Recommendations (22-24)

References (25-26)

Part II: The Workshop Papers: Introductory Session (27-28)

Air-Pollutant Distribution and Trends (29-46)

Elevational Gradients/Local Chemistry (47-56)

Large-Scale Monitoring (57-62)

Use of Biomarkers to Monitor Forest Damage in Europe (63-72)

Bioindicators in Air Pollution Research - Applications and Constraints (73-80)

New and Emerging Technologies (81-88)

Forest Applications of Biologic Markers: Regional Session (89-90)

Decline of Red Spruce in the Northern Appalachians: Determining if Air Pollution is an Important Factor (91-104)

Forest Applications of Biomarkers in Southeastern Forests (105-110)

Biomarkers for Defining Air Pollution Effecs in Western Coniferous (111-118)

Symptoms as Bioindicators of Decline in European Forests (119-124)

Tree-Stand/Ecosystem Session (125-126)

Resource Allocation in Trees and Ecosystems (127-132)

Markers of Air Pollution in Forests: Nutrient Cycling (133-142)

Human Perturbation of C, N, and S Biogeochemical Cycles: Historical Studies with Stable Isotopes (143-156)

Tree-Ring Analysis as an Aid to Evaluating the Effects of Air Pollution on Tree Growth (157-168)

Evaluation of Root-Growth and Functioning of Trees Exposed to Air Pollutants (169-182)

The Use of Remote Sensing for the Study of Air Pollution Effects in Forrests (183-194)

Indigenous and Cultivated Plants as Bioindicators (195-204)

Experiments and Observations on Epiphytic Lichens as Early Warning Sentinels of Forest Decline (205-216)

Fungal and Bacteria Symbioses as Potential Biological Markers of Effects of Atmospheric Deposition on Forest Health (217-232)

Microbial and Rhizosphere Markers of Air Pollution Induced Stress (233-244)

Biochemical/Cell-Tissue Session (245-246)

Foliar Nitrate Reductase: a Marker for Assimilation of Atmospheric Nitrogen Oxides (247-250)

Free-Radical Mediated Processes as Markers of Air Pollution Stress in Trees (251-260)

Biochemical Indicators of Air Pollution Effects in Trees: Unambiguous Signals Based on Secondary Metabolites and Nitrogen in Fast-Growing Species (261-274)

Metals in Roots, Stem, and Foliage of Forest Trees (275-280)

The Potential of Trees to Record Aluminum Mobilization and Changes in Alkaline Earth Availability (281-292)

Carbon Allocation Processes as Indicators of Pollutant Impacts on Forests Trees (293-302)

Photosynthesis and Transpiration Measurements as Biomarkers of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (303-316)

Nutrient-Use Efficiency as an Indicator of Stress Effects on Forest Trees (317-332)

Leaf Cuticles as Potential Markers of Air Pollution (333-340)

Air Pollutant-Low Temperature Interactions in Trees (341-346)

Alteration of Chlorophyll in Plants Upon Air Pollutant Exposure (347-356)

Co-occurring Stress: Drought (357-363)