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Appendix D
Charge to the National Academy of Sciences in
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA)
Section 313~1) and U.S. Congress, 1986. SARA Conference
Report on Mass Balance Study
111
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112
(1) IN GENERAL. - The Administrator
shall arrange for a mass balance study
to be carried out by the National
Academy of Science using mass balance
information collected by the
Administrator under paragraph (3~.
The Administrator shall submit to
Congress a report on such a study no
later than 5 years after the date of the
enactment of this title.
(2) PURPOSES. - The purposes of the
study are as follows:
(A) To assess the value of mass balance
analysis in determining the accuracy
of information on toxic chemical
releases.
(B) To assess the value of obtaining
mass balance information, or
portions thereof, to determine the
waste reduction efficiency of dif-
ferent facilities, or categories of
facilities, including the effectiveness
of toxic chemical regulations
promulgated under laws other than
this title.
(C) To assess the utility of such infor-
mation for evaluating toxic chemical
management practices at facilities,
or categories of facilities, covered
by this section.
(D) To determine the implications of
mass balance information collection
on a national scale similar to the
mass balance information collection
carried out by the Administrator
under paragraph (3), including im-
plications of the use of such
collection as part of a national an-
nual quantity toxic chemical release
program.
(3) INFORMATION COLLECTION. - (A)
The Administrator shall acquire
M4SS BALANCE INFORMATION
Mass Balance Study
SARA Section 313~)
available mass balance information
from States which currently conduct
(or during the 5 years after the date
of enactment of this title initiate) a
mass balance-oriented annual quantity
toxic chemical release program. If
information from such States provides
an inadequate representation of in-
dustry classes and categories to carry
out the purposes of study, the Ad-
ministrator also may acquire mass
balance information necessary for the
study from a representative number
of facilities in other States e
(B) Any information acquired under
this section shall be available to the
public, except that upon a showing
satisfactory to the Administrator by
any person that the information (or
a particular part thereof) to which
the Administrator or any officer,
employee, or representatives has
access under this section if made
public would divulge information
entitled to protection under Section
1905 of title IS, United States
Code, such information or part
shall be considered confidential in
accordance with the purposes of
that section, except that such in-
formation or part may be disclosed
to other officers, employees, or
authorized representatives of the
United States concerned with
carrying out this section.
(C) The Administrator may promulgate
regulations prescribing procedures
for collecting mass balance infor-
mation under this paragraph.
(D) For purposes of collecting mass
balance information under
subparagraph (A), the
Administrator may require the sub-
mission of information by a State
or facility.
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-D
id) MASS BALANCE DEFINITION - For
purposes of 1hls subsec110nEq' the term
"mass balsDce" means an sccumuls110n
of the Anus quads of chemlc~s
transported 10 8 facibty, produced a18
faclhty, consumed 818 ~clU1y, used 81
113
a faclhty, accumulated at s faclH1y, released
Mom ~ ~clh1y, and 1ransporled from s fs-
clUty ~ s mate or ~ s commercla1 product
or byproduct or component of ~ commercial
product or byproduct
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114
U.S. Congress, 1986. SARA Conference
Report on Section 313*
SENATE AMENDMENT - The Toxic
Chemicals Release Inventory Form submitted
by each reporting facility would require the
submission of information on the quantity of
chemical substances transported to the
facility, produced at the facility, and trans-
ported from the facility as wastes or
products.
HOUSE AMENDMENT - No comparable
· . .
provlslon.
CONFERENCE SUBSTITUTE - Subsection
(1) requires the Administrator to arrange for
a study to be conducted by the National
Academy of Sciences to evaluate several
concepts involving the use of mass balance
information. The report on the study must
be submitted to Congress within 5 years.
The term "mass balance" is defined as the
accumulation of annual quantities of
chemicals transported to, produced at,
consumed at, used at, accumulated at,
released from, and transported from a
facility as a waste or product. It is
anticipated that these quantities will be
determined by a variety of methods
including direct measurements, engineering
estimates, estimates derived from differences
between measurements, and other methods.
In carrying out its responsibilities under this
section the National Academy of Sciences
should include an assessment of the quality
of these measurements and the effect of in-
accuracies on the purposes of the study.
The Administrator is directed to acquire
information form two sources. First, the
Administrator must acquire available mass
balance information from States currently
conducting or, within the study period,
initiating mass balance-oriented annual
quantity toxic chemical release programs.
Second, if these programs fail to provide an
adequate representation of classes and
categories of industry, the Administrator
may acquire mass balance information from
M;455 BALANCE INFORMATION
a representative number of facilities in other
States.
For example, assuming existing State
programs include several facilities which
manufacture organic chemical products but
only one facility manufactures inorganic
chemicals, the Administrator could acquire
the information from inorganic manu-
facturing facilities in other States if the
Administrator believed additional
information was necessary for the
study.
All information acquired under this sec-
tion must be available to the public except
upon a showing satisfactory to the
Administrator that the information is
entitled to protection under confidential
business information provisions of section
1905 of title IS, United States Code.
There are several purposes for
conducting the study. First, it should assess
the value of mass balance analysis in deter-
mining the accuracy of information on toxic
chemical releases. Although other provisions
of this section require reporting of emis-
sions, questions remain regarding the
accuracy of these estimates. At issue is
whether mass balance analysis provides an
effective method of assessing the accuracy of
these estimates.
Second, the study should answer
questions regarding the value of mass
balance or components of it, such as
production rate, in determining the waste
reduction efficiency of different facilities or
categories of facilities, and the effectiveness
of toxic chemical regulations. For example,
can this information reasonably be used to
compare different facilities in the same
business to determine whether one is
applying more rigorous environmental con-
trol than another, or delineate whether
*Pages 300-302 of the SARA report provide additional information on the mass balance study mandated in SARA Section
313~.
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APPENDIX D
reduced releases of chemicals reflect
improved control or limited operation?
Third, the study should assess the utility
of such information for evaluating toxic
chemical management practices. For
example, can this information enhance
assessments of whether facilities are altering
operations to reduce the presence or release
of toxic chemicals?
Fourth, the study should evaluate the
implications of implementating a mass bal-
ance program concept on a national scale.
115
This assessment should evaluate the value of
information generated by such a program to
the public and to regulators and policy
makers at the local, Sate and national level
together with the financial and other
resources needed by governments and
facilities to implement such a program and
possible trade secret concerns that may arise.
Subparagraph (1~3~(D) gives the
Administrator enforceable authority to
require submission of information necessary
for this study.
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Representative terms from entire chapter:
balance information
