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7.3 Generation of Project 2. A Toolbox for Alleviating Traffic Congestion and Enhancing
Alternatives for Analysis Mobility (1997).
This document provides local elected officials, busi-
The analyst should consult one or more of the following
ness leaders, and other community leaders with infor-
references for strategies and actions that are appropriate for
mation on traffic congestion and strategies that can be
reducing travel time, delay, and variability. Exhibits 7.1 and
used to deal with it. Types of strategies discussed include
7.2 highlight some of the actions and strategies discussed in
increasing transportation capacity (both through
these references, but should not be considered a replacement
widening or expansion of roads, and new techniques
for consulting these references.
such as ITS), public transportation, demand manage-
1. Unclogging Arterials: Prescriptions for Relieving Conges- ment, and funding and other institutional issues. For
tion and Improving Safety on Major Local Roadways each strategy, the report provides a description, the es-
(FHWA-OP-03-069) (2003). timated costs and benefits, steps needed to implement it
This guidebook presents 15 strategies for increasing mo- successfully, and a detailed bibliography. Available at
bility and safety of travel on arterial streets. The guidebook http://www.itsdocs.fhwa.dot.gov/jpodocs/repts_te/5dz01!
also contains 10 case studies of local agencies that have em- .pdf, EDL# 6983.
ployed these strategies, an action checklist and appendices Also available: Michael D. Meyer, A Toolbox For Alle-
showing example documents, such as memoranda of un- viating Traffic Congestion And Enhancing Mobility, In-
derstanding and city legislation that readers can use as mod- stitute Of Transportation Engineers, Washington, D.C.,
els in their own areas. Contact the Operations/ITS Helpline, 1996 (available at http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/8000/8700/8780/
(866) 367-7487 or itspubs@fhwa.dot.gov. toolbox.pdf).
Problem Likely Cause Solution Strategies Improvement Alternatives
Excessive Peak-Period Peak Demand > Capacity Travel Demand Management to shift Establish TDM Program for
Delay (on average day demand to other corridors, other Employers
without incidents) time periods, and/or other modes. Staggered work hours
Construct Transit improvements
Increased transit service
Construct HOV lanes
Carpool parking
Construct bypass for bottleneck(s)
Peak-hour tolls
Auto restricted zones
Service vehicle hour restrictions
Parking supply management
Concierge shopping services
Satellite work stations
Work at Home Program
Ramp and signal metering
Increase capacity at bottlenecks. Add lanes
Change signal timing
Correct substandard geometry
Allow peak period shoulder lane use
Reversible lanes
Peak period turn prohibitions
Ramp metering
Heavy vehicle restrictions
Exhibit 7.1. Alternative improvements to solve delay problems.
