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Rights & Permissions Free PDF Access Sign in to download PDF book and chapters Free Resources Display this book on your site! Related Titles NCHRP Report 632: An Asset-Management Framework for the Interstate Highway System A Review of the EPA Water Security Research and Technical Support Action Plan: Parts I and II Other Related Titles NCHRP Report 525 Volume 15: Costing Asset Protection: An All-Hazards Guide for Transportation Agencies (CAPTA) (2009) National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Citation Manager Export the bibliographic data for this book in your chosen format Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Citation Manager Transportation Research Board. "Appendix D - Countermeasures Dictionary." NCHRP Report 525 Volume 15: Costing Asset Protection: An All-Hazards Guide for Transportation Agencies (CAPTA). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2009. Please select a format: Page 112   E-mail Share on facebook Facebook Share on delicious Delicious Share on stumbleupon Stumble Share on twitter Twitter More Sharing ServicesMore Page 112 Front Matter (R1-R11) Summary (1-4) Part I - CAPTA Final Report (5-5) Background (6-6) Overview of the CAPTA Methodology (7-7) Basic Definitions (8-8) Risk Management Taxonomy (9-10) Assumptions (11-11) Risk and Consequence (12-12) Institutional Context for Risk Management (13-14) Alternative Approaches (15-15) Development of the CAPTA Methodology (16-21) Asset Categories (22-22) Hazards/Threats (23-27) Consequence Threshold (28-28) Countermeasures (29-31) General Countermeasure Attributes (32-33) Chapter 4 - Results Summary (34-34) Chapter 5 - Conclusion (35-35) References (36-36) Appendix A - Costing Asset Protection: An All Hazards Guide for Transportation Agencies (CAPTA) Test Preparation (37-45) Appendix B - Summary Report for the CAPTA Pilot Test with Maryland DOT, October 17, 2007 (46-47) Appendix C - Summary Report for the CAPTA Pilot Test with MBTA, November 16, 2007 (48-49) Appendix D - Summary Report for the CAPTA Pilot Test with the Virginia DOT, February 13, 2008 (50-51) Appendix E - List of Acronyms (52-52) Appendix F - Glossary of Terms Used in CAPTA (53-55) Appendix G - Recommended Further Reading (56-57) Part II - CAPTool User Guide (58-58) Preface (59-61) Background (62-62) Overview of the CAPTA Methodology (63-63) Risk and Consequence (64-64) Assumptions (65-65) Basic CAPTool and Expanded CAPTool (66-67) Example Agency (68-68) Data Consistency (69-70) Step 1: Relevant Risks (71-76) Step 2: Thresholds (77-80) Step 3: Asset and Asset Class Inventory (81-87) Step 4: Inventory of High-Consequence Assets/Asset Classes (88-90) Step 5: Countermeasure Opportunities (91-94) Step 6: Results Summary (95-97) Step 1a: Threat/Hazard Vulnerability Table (98-99) Step 5a: Countermeasure Costs (100-101) Step 5b: Selection of Additional Countermeasures (102-103) Step 5c: Countermeasure Filter Selection (104-105) Conclusion (106-106) Appendix A - Countermeasure Unit Costs and Descriptions (107-109) Appendix B - Threshold Equations (110-110) Appendix C - CAPTool Initial Startup Instructions (111-111) Appendix D - Countermeasures Dictionary (112-124) Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications (125-125)

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APPENDIX D Countermeasures Dictionary Overview The countermeasures dictionary contains the default list of countermeasures and their attri- butes from which users may select to mitigate the consequences of the hazards and threats that are relevant for the assets they own or operate. Countermeasures are classified by type, and attri- butes are provided for countermeasures within each type. These attributes are used in the coun- termeasure-filtering step available in the Enhanced CAPTool. The countermeasures dictionary also includes a baseline assessment of the relative appropriateness or effectiveness of each of the countermeasures for each asset category and threat or hazard. Countermeasures are given a relative assessment of "L" for low, "M" for medium, and "H" for high. Users may change the values of attributes or the baseline assessments based on additional information or experience with the countermeasures in the applications of interest. Countermeasures Attributes Tables D-1 through D-3 show the attributes of countermeasures in the countermeasures dic- tionary, organized into countermeasure categories. Baseline Assessment of Relative Value Tables D-4 through D-12 show the baseline assessment of the relative value of each of the countermeasures included in the countermeasures dictionary. Note that these judgments do not quantify effectiveness in terms of risk reduction but are intended to give users some sense of which countermeasures are most likely to reduce consequences associated with specific hazards and threats. 114

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Countermeasures Dictionary 115 Table D-1. Attributes of physical security countermeasures. Physical Security Countermeasures 1 2 3 4 5 6 Inspection of Barriers & Detection Intrusion Physical Devices Lighting Fences Berms CCTV asset Countermeasure PREDICT X DETER X X X X X Functions DETECT X X X X X INTERDICT RESPONSE PREP. DESIGN/ENGINEERING Cost Investment $ (x1000) $11.3 $3.3 $21 $17.5 $0.9 $30 Implementation Area-Wide Asset Specific X X X X X X Temporary/Redeployable X Multipurpose Potential X X X X X X Basic X X X X X X Package Enhanced Threat Responsive X

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116 CAPTool User Guide Table D-2. Attributes of access control countermeasures. Access Control Countermeasures 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Metal Detectors Establish Clear Limited Access Visible Badges Visitor Control Visible Signs Background Inspections Biometrics Restricted Explosive Detection ID Cards Random & Escort Parking Checks Zones Points Locks Countermeasure PREDICT Functions DETER X X X X X X DETECT X X X X X X INTERDICT X RESPONSE PREP. DESIGN/ENGINEERING Cost Investment $ (x1000) $10 $50 $57 $138 $18.5 $30 $30 $30 $30 $1.2 $257 $0.1 $0.1 Area-Wide X X X X X Implementation Asset Specific X X X X X X X X Temporary/Redeployable X X X X Multipurpose Potential Basic X X X X X X X X Package Enhanced X X X Threat Responsive X X

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Countermeasures Dictionary 117 Table D-3. Attributes of design/engineering and operational countermeasures. Asset Operational Countermeasures Design/Engineering 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Planned Redundancy Evacuation Planning Wrapping, Jacketing Security Awareness HAZMAT Mitigation Seismic Retrofitting Response Training and Dissemination Public Information Fire Detection & (e.g., detours) Encasement, WX/Seismic Emergency Emergency Networking Information Intelligence Supression Training Countermeasure Patrols PREDICT X X DETER Functions DETECT X X INTERDICT RESPONSE PREP. X X X X X X X X X DESIGN/ENGINEERING X Cost Investment $ (x1000) $10,000 $460 $0.6 $30 $100 $100 $1,330 $100 $100 $100 $220 $150 Area-Wide X X X X X X X X X Implementation Asset Specific X X X Temporary/Redeployable X X X Multipurpose Potential X X X X X X Basic X X X X X X X X X Package Enhanced X X X Threat Responsive X X X

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118 CAPTool User Guide Table D-4. Relative value of physical security countermeasures for road bridges, road tunnels, and transit/rail stations. Physical Security Countermeasures 1 2 3 4 5 6 Inspection Barriers & Detection Intrusion Physical Devices of asset Lighting Fences Berms CCTV Countermeasure Small Explosives L H H M M H Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L L M H Road Bridges Criminal Acts M M M M M M Fire M M L M L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H Mud/Landslide L M L L L H Small Explosives L H H M M H Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L L M H Road Tunnels Criminal Acts M M M M M M Fire M M L M L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H Mud/Landslide L M L L L H Small Explosives M L L M M H Large Explosives M M M M M M Transit/Rail Station Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L L M H Criminal Acts M L L M M M Fire M M L M L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H Mud/Landslide L M L L L H

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Countermeasures Dictionary 119 Table D-5. Relative value of access control countermeasures for road bridges, road tunnels, and transit/rail stations. Access Control Countermeasures 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Visitor Control Access Points Visible Signs Clear Zones Background Inspections Biometrics Restricted Detectors Detection Explosive Establish ID Cards & Escort Random Parking Badges Checks Limited Visible Locks Metal Countermeasure Small Explosives L M L M L H L M M M H H L Large Explosives L M L L M M M M M M H M L Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L L M H L M M M L M L Road Bridges Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L H M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives L M L M L H L M M M H H L Large Explosives L M L L M M M M M M H M L Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L L M H L M M M L M L Road Tunnels Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L H M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives L M L M L H L M M M H H L Large Explosives L M L L M M M M M M H M L Transit/Rail Station Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L L M H L M M M L M L Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L H M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L

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120 CAPTool User Guide Table D-6. Relative value of design/engineering and operational countermeasures for road bridges, road tunnels, and transit/rail stations. Asset Operational Countermeasures Design/Engineering 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Fire Detection & Information and Dissemination (e.g., detours) Encasement, Redundancy WX/Seismic Intelligence Emergency Emergency Information Supression Networking Awareness Evacuation Retrofitting Wrapping, Response Mitigation Jacketing HAZMAT Planning Planned Security Training Training Seismic Patrols Public Countermeasure Small Explosives H H H H L M L H H H H H Large Explosives H M H H L M L M M M M H Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L H M M H L H H H H Road Bridges Criminal Acts M M H H L L L H M M M H Fire H H H H L L L L H H H H Struct. Failure H L H L L L L L H H H H HAZMAT L H L M M L H L H H H H Flood H L L H H L L L H H H H Earthquake H M H M H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H M H L L L H H H H Mud/Landslide H L H M H L L L H H H H Small Explosives H H H H L M L H H H H H Large Explosives H M H H L M L M M M M H Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L H M M H L H H H H Road Tunnels Criminal Acts M M H H L L L H M M M H Fire H H H H L L L L H H H H Struct. Failure H L H L L L L L H H H H HAZMAT L H L M M L H L H H H H Flood H L L H H L L L H H H H Earthquake H M H M H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H M H L L L H H H H Mud/Landslide H L H M H L L L H H H H Small Explosives H H H H L M L H H H H H Large Explosives H M H H L M L M M M M H Transit/Rail Station Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L H M M H L H H H H Criminal Acts M M H H L L L H M M M H Fire H H H H L L L L H H H H Struct. Failure H L H L L L L L H H H H HAZMAT L H L M M L H L H H H H Flood H L L H H L L L H H H H Earthquake H M H M H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H M H L L L H H H H Mud/Landslide H L H M H L L L H H H H

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Countermeasures Dictionary 121 Table D-7. Relative value of physical security countermeasures for transit/rail bridges, transit/rail tunnels, and administrative and support facilities. Physical Security Countermeasures 1 2 3 4 5 6 Inspection of Barriers & Detection Intrusion Physical Devices Lighting Fences Berms CCTV asset Countermeasure Small Explosives M M L M L H Large Explosives M H H M H H Transit/Rail Bridges Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L M L H Criminal Acts M L L M M M Fire M M L M L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H Mud/Landslide L M L L L H Small Explosives M M L M L H Large Explosives M H H M H H Transit/Rail Tunnels Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L M L H Criminal Acts M L L M M M Fire M M L M L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L H Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L H Mud/Landslide L M L L L H Small Explosives M L L M M H Admin & Support Facilities Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L L M H Criminal Acts M L L M M M Fire L L L L L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L M Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L L Mud/Landslide L M L L L L

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122 CAPTool User Guide Table D-8. Relative value of access control countermeasures for transit/rail bridges, transit/rail tunnels, and administrative and support facilities. Access Control Countermeasures 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Visitor Control Access Points Visible Signs Clear Zones Background Inspections Biometrics Restricted Detectors Explosive Detection Establish ID Cards & Escort Random Parking Badges Checks Limited Visible Locks Metal Countermeasure Small Explosives H L L M L H L H H M H H L Large Explosives H H H H L H L H H H H M L Transit/Rail Bridges Chemical/Biological/Radiological L L L L L L L L L L L M L Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L L M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives H L L M L H L H H M H H L Large Explosives H H H H L H L H H H H M L Transit/Rail Tunnels Chemical/Biological/Radiological L L L L L L L L L L L M L Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L L M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives L M L M L H L M M M H H L Admin & Support Facilities Large Explosives L M L L M M M M M M H M L Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L L M H L M M M L M L Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L H M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L

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Countermeasures Dictionary 123 Table D-9. Relative value of design/engineering and operational countermeasures for transit/rail bridges, transit/rail tunnels, and administrative and support facilities. Asset Operational Countermeasures Design/Engineering 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Information and Dissemination Fire Detection (e.g., detours) & Supression Encasement, Redundancy WX/Seismic Intelligence Emergency Emergency Networking Information Awareness Evacuation Retrofitting Response Wrapping, Mitigation Jacketing HAZMAT Planning Planned Training Training Security Seismic Patrols Public Countermeasure Small Explosives H H H H L M L H H H H H Large Explosives H H H H L M L H H H H H Transit/Rail Bridges Chemical/Biological/Radiological L H L M L M H H H H H H Criminal Acts M M H H L L L H M M M H Fire H H H H L L L L H H H H Struct. Failure H L H L L L L L H H H H HAZMAT L H L M M L H L H H H H Flood H L L H H L L L H H H H Earthquake H M H M H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H M H L L L H H H H Mud/Landslide H L H M H L L L H H H H Small Explosives H H H H L M L H H H H H Large Explosives H H H H L M L H H H H H Transit/Rail Tunnels Chemical/Biological/Radiological L H L M L M H H H H H H Criminal Acts M M H H L L L H M M M H Fire H H H H L L L L H H H H Struct. Failure H L H L L L L L H H H H HAZMAT L H L M M L H L H H H H Flood H L L H H L L L H H H H Earthquake H M H M H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H M H L L L H H H H Mud/Landslide H L H M H L L L H H H H Small Explosives H H H H L M L H H H H H Admin & Support Facilities Large Explosives H M H H L M L M M M M H Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L H M M H L H H H H Criminal Acts M M H H L L L H M M M H Fire H H H M L L L M H H H H Struct. Failure H L H L M L L L H H H H HAZMAT L M L L L L H L H H H H Flood H L H L H L L L H H H H Earthquake H L H L H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H L H L L L H H H H Mud/Landslide H L H L H L L L H H H H

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124 CAPTool User Guide Table D-10. Relative value of physical security countermeasures for ferries, fleets, and others. Physical Security Countermeasures 1 2 3 4 5 6 Inspection Barriers & Detection Intrusion Physical Devices Lighting of asset Fences Berms CCTV Countermeasure Small Explosives M L L M M H Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L L M H Criminal Acts M L L M M M Ferries Fire L L L L L L Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L M Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L L Mud/Landslide L M L L L L Small Explosives M L L M M H Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M L L L M H Criminal Acts M L L M M M Fire L L L L L L Fleets Struct. Failure L L L L L H HAZMAT L L L L L M Flood L M L L L H Earthquake L L L L L L Extreme Weather L M L L L L Mud/Landslide L M L L L L Small Explosives M M M M M M Large Explosives M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M M M M M M Criminal Acts M M M M M M Fire M M M M M M Other Struct. Failure M M M M M M HAZMAT M M M M M M Flood M M M M M M Earthquake M M M M M M Extreme Weather M M M M M M Mud/Landslide M M M M M M

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Countermeasures Dictionary 125 Table D-11. Relative value of access control countermeasures for ferries, fleets, and others. Access Control Countermeasures 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Clear Zones Background Inspections Biometrics Restricted Detectors Explosive Detection Control & Establish ID Cards Random Badges Checks Parking Access Limited Visible Visible Escort Visitor Points Locks Signs Metal Countermeasure Small Explosives L M L M L H L M M M H H L Large Explosives L M L L M M M M M M H M L Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L L M H L M M M L M L Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L H M L L L L L L L L L L L H L Ferries Fire Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives L M L M L H L M M M H H L Large Explosives L M L L M M M M M M H M L Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L L M H L M M M L M L Criminal Acts L L M L M M M M M H L H M Fire L L L L L L L L L L L H L Fleets Struct. Failure L L L L L L L L L L L L L HAZMAT L L L L L L L L L L L M L Flood L L L L L L L L L L L M L Earthquake L L L L L L L L L L L L L Extreme Weather L L L L L L L L L L L L L Mud/Landslide L L L L L L L L L L L L L Small Explosives M M M M M M M M M M M M M Large Explosives M M M M M M M M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M M M M M M M M M M M M M Criminal Acts M M M M M M M M M M M M M Fire M M M M M M M M M M M M M Other Struct. Failure M M M M M M M M M M M M M HAZMAT M M M M M M M M M M M M M Flood M M M M M M M M M M M M M Earthquake M M M M M M M M M M M M M Extreme Weather M M M M M M M M M M M M M Mud/Landslide M M M M M M M M M M M M M

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126 CAPTool User Guide Table D-12. Relative value of design/engineering and operational countermeasures for ferries, fleets, and others. Asset Operational Countermeasures Design/Engineering 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Fire Detection & Information and Dissemination (e.g., detours) Encasement, Redundancy WX/Seismic Intelligence Emergency Emergency Supression Networking Information Evacuation Awareness Retrofitting Wrapping, Response Mitigation Jacketing HAZMAT Planning Planned Training Training Security Seismic Patrols Public Countermeasure Small Explosives H H H H L M L H H H H H Large Explosives H M H H L M L M M M M H Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L H M M H L H H H H Criminal Acts M M H H L L L H M M M H H H H M L L L M H H H H Ferries Fire Struct. Failure H L H L M L L L H H H H HAZMAT L M L L L L H L H H H H Flood H L H L H L L L H H H H Earthquake H L H L H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H L H L L L H H H H Mud/Landslide H L H L H L L L H H H H Small Explosives H H H H L M L H H H H H Large Explosives H M H H L M L M M M M H Chemical/Biological/Radiological L M L H M M H L H H H H Criminal Acts M M H H L L L H M M M H Fire H H H M L L L M H H H H Fleets Struct. Failure H L H L M L L L H H H H HAZMAT L M L L L L H L H H H H Flood H L H L H L L L H H H H Earthquake H L H L H L L L H H H H Extreme Weather H L H L H L L L H H H H Mud/Landslide H L H L H L L L H H H H Small Explosives M M M M M M M M M M M M Large Explosives M M M M M M M M M M M M Chemical/Biological/Radiological M M M M M M M M M M M M Criminal Acts M M M M M M M M M M M M Fire M M M M M M M M M M M M Other Struct. Failure M M M M M M M M M M M M HAZMAT M M M M M M M M M M M M Flood M M M M M M M M M M M M Earthquake M M M M M M M M M M M M Extreme Weather M M M M M M M M M M M M Mud/Landslide M M M M M M M M M M M M