A Guide to Traffic Control of Rural Roads in an Agricultural Emergency (2008)

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Cleaning and Disinfection (C & D) Stations—added to traffic checkpoints as a Level-1 traffic control measure; a station to clean and disinfect vehicles, individuals, equipment, and all articles (fomites) which could mechanically transport an infectious agent. County Emergency Manager—initiates planning, preparation, and training as part of a county’s response to a foreign animal disease. County Emergency Response Team—provides basic support during local emergencies. Detour Routes—alternate travel routes used in emergency response efforts to reduce or eliminate traffic flow through quarantine area. Emergency Management Assistance Compacts—typically developed jointly and signed by all community part- ners; such agreements describe the specific aid that will be provided or shared between jurisdictions and how the agencies that provide aid will be compensated. Emergency Operations Center (EOC)—base from which emergency operations are directed and coordinated. Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostician (FADD)—a credentialed veterinarian specially trained to take diagnos- tic samples and diagnose a foreign animal disease. As authorized by the State Veterinarian, they are able to issue a quarantine. If responding as the Incident Commander, the FADD will have overall responsibility at the site or event and as such monitors and controls traffic into and out of the infected premises; maintains communication with the State Veterinarian; directs law enforcement in securing immediate premises; and plans for the disinfection of personnel and vehicles. Homeland Security Presidential Directive/HSPD-5 (11)—directs the Department of Homeland Security to develop and administer a National Incident Management System and National Response Plan. Homeland Security Presidential Directive/HSPD-8 (1) National Preparedness—calls on transportation agen- cies to prepare for their roles in the National Incident Management System, which provides “a consistent nationwide approach for federal, state, tribal, and local governments to work effectively and efficiently together to prepare for, prevent, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents, regardless of cause, size, or complexity.” Homeland Security Presidential Directive/HSPD-9 (12)—establishes a national policy to defend the agricul- ture and food system against terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies. Directs the Secretary of Homeland Security, in coordination with the Secretaries of Agriculture, Health and Human Services, the Attorney General, and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, to ensure that the combined federal, state, and local response capabilities are adequate to respond quickly and effectively to a terrorist attack, major disease outbreak, or other disaster affecting the national agriculture or food infra- structure, and to develop a coordinated agriculture and food-specific standardized response plan that will be integrated into the National Response Plan. Incident Command System (ICS)—based upon proven management principles consisting of procedures for con- trolling personnel, facilities, equipment, and communications. Includes a command staff with an incident com- mander, public information officer, safety officer, and liaison officer, as well as a general staff that includes a planning chief, operations chief, finance and administration chief, and logistics chief. The four sections of the ICS may be subdivided differently depending on the type of emergency, agency resources, or the geographical area encompassed in the response. ICS must be adopted by cities, counties, and other local jurisdictions in order to be NIMS-compliant and eligible for federal programs and grants and should be found in LEOPs. Incident Commander—sets the incident objectives, strategies, and priorities and has overall responsibility at the incident or event. Requests state or federal resources/assistance, if needed; acts as liaison between the federal, state, and local levels of the response; and identifies no-access and control-access points. International Safety Equipment Association (ISEA)—the trade association in the United States for companies that manufacture personal protective equipment. Its member companies are world leaders in the design and 36 A P P E N D I X B Terminology

manufacture of protective clothing and equipment used in factories, construction sites, hospitals and clinics, farms, schools, laboratories, emergency response, and in the home. Local Emergency Operations Plan (LEOP)—outlines the roles and responsibilities of responders, traffic con- trol plans, resource management, and emergency management assistance compacts at the local level. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD)—the standard for signs, signals, and pavement mark- ings in the U.S. National Incident Management System (NIMS)—includes a core set of concepts, principles, terminology, and technologies covering all aspects of emergency response, and provides a consistent approach for all levels of government to work effectively and efficiently together to prepare for, respond to, and recover from all types of domestic incidents. National Response Framework (NRF)—integrates all federal domestic prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery plans into a single plan encompassing all disciplines and all hazards. The NRF, using the NIMS, provides the structure and mechanisms for national level policy and operational direction for federal sup- port to state and local incident managers, and for exercising direct federal authorities and responsibilities, as appropriate. The NRF replaced the National Response Plan (NRP) in March 2008. Nonstandard Traffic Control—minimal traffic control measures that should be replaced with standard traffic control devices as soon as they become available. Operations Section—the section of the Incident Command Structure typically assigned responsibility for all activities focused on reducing the immediate hazard, saving human life and property, establishing situa- tional control, and restoring normal operations. The structure of the Operations Section can be based on jurisdictional boundaries, operational considerations, or a combination of both. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)—the main federal agency charged with the enforce- ment of safety and health regulations. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)—safety apparel that meets the requirements of the ISEA “American National Standard for High-Visibility Apparel,” and labeled as meeting the standard performance for Class 2 risk exposure. Public Information Officer (PIO)—a member of the Command Staff responsible for interfacing with the pub- lic and media or with incident-related information requirements. Informs the local community of the exis- tence and location of traffic control points and the associated alternate routes. Quarantine—an order issued by the state veterinarian or authorized department of agriculture official restrict- ing the movement of agricultural products such as livestock, poultry, or produce. Can be ordered on a sin- gle animal or herd, or across a geographical area. Quarantine Enforcement Section—the section of the Incident Command Structure that is responsible for enforcing movement restrictions. Road Closures—a Level 3 method of traffic control (as defined in section 4.1); roads are barricaded and all traf- fic movement is stopped. Standard Operating Guideline (SOG)—guidelines used by law enforcement officers that describe the appro- priate actions that may be used to enforce different regulations. Stop Movement Order—issued by the state veterinarian or department of agriculture official, prohibiting the movement of a particular agricultural product into, out of, or within state boundaries. Traffic Checkpoints—a Level 1 and 2 method of traffic control (as defined in section 4.1); used to prevent the spread of animal disease or plant pest by ensuring traffic is controlled and that no potentially contaminated or infected animals, plants, equipment or vehicles are allowed to move in or out of the quarantine area. Unified Command—a command structure allowing agencies with different legal, geographic and functional authorities and responsibilities to work together effectively without affecting individual agency authority, responsibility or accountability. Terminology 37