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Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Selection and Application of Warning Lights on Roadway Operations Equipment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14190.
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Page 34

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

34 16. Projector, T. H., K. G. Cook, and L. O. Peterson. (1969). Analytic Assessment of Motor Vehicle Rear Signal Systems. Arlington, Virginia, Century Research Corporation. 17. Hargroves, R. A. (1971). “A Survey of the Use of Flashing Lights on Road Vehicles.” Perception and Application of Flashing Lights, International Symposium, London, England. 18. Crawford, A. (1962). “The Perception of Light Signals: The Effect of a Number of Irrelevant Lights.” Ergonomics 5: 417–428. 19. Virginia Department of Transportation (2003). Virginia Work Area Protection Manual: Standards and Guidelines for Temporary Traffic Control. 20. Ohio Department of Transportation (2002). Equipment Lighting, Marking and Conspicuity Policy. 21. Stidger, R. W. (2003). Safer Winter Maintenance: Increasing Equip- ment Visibility and Protection Means Safer Winter Operations. Better Roads for the government/contractor project team: obr.gcn publishing.com/articles/oct03c.htm. 22. Ullman, G., J. Ragsdale, and N. Chaudhary. (1998). Recommenda- tions for Highway Construction, Maintenance, and Service Equip- ment Warning Lights and Pavement Data Collection System Safety. Austin, Texas, Texas Transportation Institute. 23. CIE International Lighting Vocabulary, CIE Publication No. 17.4 (1987). 24. Allard, M. E. (1876). “Mémoire sur l’Intensité et la Portée des Phares,” Imprimerie Nationale, Paris 62–73. 25. Ohno, Y., and D. Couzin. (2003). “Modified Allard Method for Effective Intensity of Flashing Lights.” Proceedings of the CIE Expert Symposium 2002 (Veszprém, Hungary) CIE 25: 23–28. 26. Blondel, A., and Rey, J. (1911). “On the Perception of Lights of Short Duration at Heir Range Limits.” Transactions of the Illuminat- ing Engineering Society (London) 4: 557–562 and 613–615. 27. Douglas, C. A. (1957). “Computation of the Effective Intensity of Flashing Lights.” Transactions of the Illuminating Engineering Society (London) 52: 641–646. 28. Schmidt Clausen, H. J. (1957). “Über das Wahrnehmen verschie- denartiger Lichtimpulse bei veränderlichen Umfeldleuchtdichten.” Dr. Ing. Thesis, Darmstadt. English translation available from: Commandant (DAT). U.S. Coast Guard, Washington, D.C. 20591. 29. Morgan, C. (2001). The Effectiveness of Retroreflective Tape on Heavy Trailers. NHTSA Technical Report, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 30. Society of Automotive Engineering (1986). Lighting and Marking of Industrial Equipment of Highways—SAE J99. 31. Society of Automotive Engineering (2002). Tail Lamps (Rear Position Lamps) for Use on Vehicles 2032 mm or More in Overall Width— SAE J2040. References 1. Kamyab, A., and T. J. McDonald (2003). Synthesis of Best Practice for Increasing Protection and Visibility of Highway Maintenance Vehicles. Proceedings of the 2003 Mid-Continent Transportation Research Symposium, Ames, Iowa. 2. Cox, J. J. (1971). “Viewing of Railway Flashing Light Signals.” The Perception and Application of Flashing Lights, London, Adam Hilger Ltd. 3. Cole, B. L., and P. K. Hughes (1984). “Field Trial of Attention and Search Conspicuity.” Human Factors 26(3): 299–313. 4. Shannon, C. E., and W. Weaver (1949). The Mathematical Theory of Communication. London, University of Illinois Press. 5. Wickens, C. D., and J. G. Hollands (1999). Engineering Psychology and Human Performance. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, Pren- tice Hall. 6. Dewar, R., and P. Olson (2001). Human Factors in Traffic Safety. Tucson, Arizona, Lawyers & Judges Publishing Company, Inc. 7. Holmes, J. G. (1971). “The Language of Flashing Lights.” The Percep- tion and Application of Flashing Lights, London, Adam Hilger Ltd. 8. Roufs, J. A. (1971). “Threshold Perception of Flashes in Relation to Flicker.” The Perception and Application of Flashing Lights, London, Adam Hilger Ltd. 9. Cook, S., C. Quigley, and L. Clift. (2002). “Motor Vehicle Con- spicuity: Warning Beacons.” 48th GRE (Working Party on Lighting and Light-Signaling in the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe). 10. Brown, I. D., and C. B. Gibbs (1958). Flashing versus Steady Lights as Car Turning Signals: The Effects of Flash Frequency and Duration, Medical Research Council Applied Psychology Unit Report. 11. Gerathewohl, S. (1953). “Conspicuity of Steady and Flashing Light Signals: Variation of Contrast.” Optical Society of America 43: 567–571. 12. Howard, J., and D. M. Finch (1960). Visual Characteristics of Flash- ing Roadway Hazard Warning Devices. 39th Annual Meeting of the Highway Research Board, Washington, D.C. 13. Cole, B. L., and B. Brown (1968). “Specification of Road Traffic Signal Light Intensity.” Human Factors 10: 245–254. 14. Hanscom, F. N., and R. F. Pain (1990). NCHRP Report 337: Service Vehicle Lighting and Traffic Control Systems for Short-Term and Moving Operations. Washington, D.C., Transportation Research Board, National Research Council. 15. Foster, D. H. (1971). “Some Theoretical Aspects of an Apparent Motion Phenomenon Associated with Certain Configurations of Flashing Lights.” The Perception and Application of Flashing Lights, London, Adam Hilger Ltd.

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TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 624: Selection and Application of Warning Lights on Roadway Operations Equipment explores recommended guidelines for the selection and application of warning lights on roadway operations equipment.

Appendixes A through E to NCHRP Report 624 are available online. The appendixes contain detailed information on relevant literature, the experiments performed, and data analysis associated with NCHRP Report 624.

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