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17 FUNCTIONAL AREA DEFINITION The design functional area receives inputs from the planning function for the purposes of producing the scope of the planned facility and deciding final parameters and ele- ments from the alternatives input. At NYSDOT this includes 3D design models, specifications, and contract documents including bid and proposal documents that are passed for- ward to the procurement function. DESIGN FUNCTION DELIVERABLES Responses to the survey questionnaire revealed the deliver- able types or datasets shown in Table 5 as being received, processed, or sent through the design functional area. Responses are indicated by two numbers: response count fol- lowed by percentage of total responses for the functional area. ADVANCED PROCESSES NYSDOT performs a best practice in the design functional area by creating a 3D design model of the project. This practice is efficient as it serves two main purposes that reduce input procedures and efforts internally, externally, and across the project life cycle. ⢠Internally: The 3D design model is passed to the pro- curement, construction, and O&M functional areas where design data are extracted for the deliverables in those functional areas, thereby reducing redundant resource input and increasing accuracy within the organization. ⢠Externally: The 3D design model is shared with the contractor, allowing technology-savvy individuals to perform virtual construction [4D (three dimensions plus construction project scheduling) CAD scheduling and virtual reality constructability review] and 5D (three dimensions plus construction project estimate) CAD estimating, thereby reducing redundant resource input and increasing accuracy within the external proj- ect organizations. ⢠Life cycle: The 3D design model acts as the shell for a 3D design model that can follow the projectâs life- cycle stages, acting as an information repository by allowing input and extraction of data throughout the projectâs life. FDOT performs advanced processes in the design func- tional area as follows: ⢠The development of a project compact disc (CD) contain- ing all the design documents and deliverables required for their electronic bid letting process. ⢠As the CD gets processed between the design and pro- curement functional areas, their process enables checks for completeness, compliance with statutes and direc- tives, versioning, and QA. Case Study #1 NYS DOT ⢠Work-Flow Process Diagram. Figure 6 (page 14) shows a data work-flow diagram for design functional area. ⢠Software Applications Utilized. Table 6 displays the software applications and data formats extracted from the IDEF0 diagram for NYSDOT design functional area (see Figure 8). ⢠Hardware and Networks. Microsoft Windows 2003 Server networks are utilized. ⢠Challenges and Process Adjustments. The NYSDOT reported the following barriers and challenges to advanced processes implementation: â Justification of efficient process change compared with cheaper, but less efficient, processes. â Development of functional area culture or mindsets to make efficiency changes, specifically 3D design and modeling. â Proprietary file formats that prevent efficient data exchange between software applications, specifically in regard to DTMs. Case Study #2 FDOT ⢠Work-Flow Process Diagram. Figure 9 shows a data work-flow diagram for design functional area. ⢠Software Applications Utilized. Table 7 displays the software applications and data formats extracted from the IDEF0 diagram for FDOT design functional area. ⢠Hardware and Networks. Linux and Microsoft Win- dows 2003 Server Networks are utilized. ⢠Challenges and Process Adjustments. FDOT reported the following barrier and challenge to advanced processes implementation: â State statute required for electronic signature substitute for engineerâs plan stamp. CHAPTER FOUR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR DESIGN
18 Data Type Receive Process/Generate Send Survey Boundary 21â91% 15â65% 14â61% Elevation Survey 22â96% 17â74% 14â61% Drawings 15â65% 22â96% 15â65% Supplemental Specs 18â78% 21â91% 15â65% Pay Item Quantities 17â74% 23â100% 18â78% Other Data: Environmental 1â4% 1â4% 1â4% 3D CAD Models 1â4% 1â4% Standard Drawings 1â4% 1â4% 1â4% Environmental Mapping 1â4% Traffic Data 3â12% 1â4% Highway Design Manual 1â4% 1â4% Surface Design 1â4% Subsurface 1â4% 1â4% Hydrologic Design 1â4% 1â4% Plan Preparation Guide 1â4% 1â4% Surface Design 1â4% Bridge Plans 1â4% 1â4% Instructional Bulletins 1â4% 1â4% Qualified Products List 1â4% 1â4% 1â4% Electrical Design 1â4% Landscape Design 1â4% TABLE 5 DATA RECEIVED, PROCESSED/GENERATED, SENT FROM DOT DESIGN FUNCTIONAL AREAS TABLE 6 SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS AND DATA FORMATS USED BY NYSDOT DESIGN FUNCTIONAL AREA Application So ft wa re A pp lic at io nâ Ve ndor Data File Formats Design Engineering In Ro ad sâ Be nt le y Open/Proprietary Design Graphics Mi cr oS ta ti on âB entl ey Closed/Proprietary Terrain CrossâSections GE OP AK âB entl ey Closed/Proprietary Pay Item Quantity Database Or ac le Open/Proprietary
19 FIGURE 9 FDOT data work-flow diagram for design functional area. FIGURE 8 NYSDOT data work-flow diagram for design functional area.
20 TABLE 7 SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS AND DATA FORMATS USED BY FDOT DESIGN FUNCTIONAL AREA Fu nc ti on So ft wa re A pp lic at io nâ Ve ndor Da ta Fo rm at St ru ct ur al De si gn/D es ig n En gi n eer in g PEDDSâFDOT Op en St ru ct ur al De si gn/D es ig n En gi n eer in g Mi cr oS ta ti on âB entl ey Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en St ru ct ur al De si gn At la s Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en St ru ct ur al De si gn Ma th Ca d Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g In de xe r Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g Jo ur na le r Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g Sh eet In de xe r Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g CA IC E Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g GE OP AK Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g TI MS âF DO T Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g Mu lt iL in e Ea rt hw or k Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g De sc ar te s Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g CA NC OG O Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g GD M QC Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g GU ID SI GN Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g AG I 32 Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g Au to CA D Ci v ilâ Au tode sk Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g AU TO TU RN Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g Si te Me nu Pr op ri et ar y/ Op en De si gn En gi n eer in g O ffi ce 2003â Mi cr os of t Pr op ri et ar y