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(pilots, air traffic controllers, aircraft maintenance, security the entire process, from the onset of the incident through
personnel, fire/rescue, or EMT departments, etc.) necessitates the completion of the incident investigation, there may be a
verification of their readiness-to-perform. vast number of people who are exposed to trauma-inducing
The high degree of impairment that individuals can suffer stimuli.
due to acute stress reaction and post-traumatic stress syn- The people who may be exposed to traumatic events after
drome is quite evident (Leonhardt & Vogt, 2006). The need for a disaster are partly determined by the location in which the
individuals to continue to operate in the post-disaster environ- disaster occurred. For instance, if the aircraft disaster occurred
ment, or to return to duty following a critical incident, neces- outside an airport boundary, airport personnel may not be
sitates a review of current evaluation and treatment programs. involved with the scene. Typically, local law enforcement and
other local governmental rescue workers will preside over
the site. If the incident occurs on the airport proper, then
Procedures Following
the airport's emergency response as per its emergency plan
an Aircraft Disaster
will be enacted. This generally prescribes a procedure where
Initially, after an aircraft disaster has occurred, the efforts ARFF will respond, and other airport employees will provide
focus on life-saving and rescue operations. Most incident assistance as needed. It is quite possible that these employees
response protocols call for first-responders such as fire- will come in contact with and/or witness traumatic events
fighters and law enforcement personnel to attempt to miti- which could lead to deeper psychological impact.
gate the loss of life. After these efforts are exhausted, the scene Figure 1 provides the typical flow of responsible person-
turns toward site preservation, so that an intensive incident nel in an aircraft disaster. The chart divides aircraft disasters
investigation can proceed. It is important to note that during into two distinct categories, air carrier and non air carrier. Fur-
Figure 1. Flow chart outlining ICS-style procedures after an
aircraft disaster.
