NCHRP Report 648: Mixing and Compaction Temperatures of Asphalt Binders in Hot-Mix Asphalt

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Table of Contents
Front Matter R1-R9
Summary 1-4
A Note on Units of Viscosity 5-5
Background on the Development of Mixing and Compaction Temperature Criteria 6-7
Effect of Temperature on Degradation of Asphalt Binders 8-8
Mixing and Compaction Temperatures for Modified Asphalt Binders 9-9
Survey of Current Practices for Determining Mixing and Compaction Temperatures 10-12
Zero Shear Viscosity 13-13
Shear Rate Dependency 14-14
Workability 15-15
Shear Rates During Mixing and Compaction 16-18
Summary of Key Findings from the Literature Review 19-19
Overview of the Experimental Research Plan 20-21
Organization of the Test Plan 22-22
Part 2: Mixture Tests 23-23
Binder Tests 24-29
Mixture Tests 30-30
Summary of Research Plan 31-32
Phase Angle Method 33-33
SEP Tests 34-36
Analysis of Binder Degradation 37-42
Mixture Coating Tests 43-44
Mixture Coating Tests with Incompletely Dried Aggregate 45-45
Workability Tests 46-46
Compaction Tests 47-52
Indirect Tensile Creep Compliance and Strength 53-58
Correlation of Mixing and Compaction Temperatures 59-65
Comparison of SSF and Phase Angle Methods 66-67
Validation Experiment Results and Analysis 68-71
Summary of Key Findings 72-72
Independent Validation 73-73
Training 74-75
References 76-77
Appendix A - Responses of Survey on Agency Specifications Regarding Mixing and Compaction Temperatures 78-83
Appendix B - Mix Design Data for Base Mix and Other Compaction Experiment Mixes 84-85
Appendix C - Draft AASHTO Standard for Steady Shear Flow and Phase Angle Methods 86-135
Appendix D - Statistical Analyses of the Steady Shear Flow and Phase Angle Methods 136-147
Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications 148-148

Table of Contents

Front Matter R1-R9

Summary 1-4

A Note on Units of Viscosity 5-5

Background on the Development of Mixing and Compaction Temperature Criteria 6-7

Effect of Temperature on Degradation of Asphalt Binders 8-8

Mixing and Compaction Temperatures for Modified Asphalt Binders 9-9

Survey of Current Practices for Determining Mixing and Compaction Temperatures 10-12

Zero Shear Viscosity 13-13

Shear Rate Dependency 14-14

Workability 15-15

Shear Rates During Mixing and Compaction 16-18

Summary of Key Findings from the Literature Review 19-19

Overview of the Experimental Research Plan 20-21

Organization of the Test Plan 22-22

Part 2: Mixture Tests 23-23

Binder Tests 24-29

Mixture Tests 30-30

Summary of Research Plan 31-32

Phase Angle Method 33-33

SEP Tests 34-36

Analysis of Binder Degradation 37-42

Mixture Coating Tests 43-44

Mixture Coating Tests with Incompletely Dried Aggregate 45-45

Workability Tests 46-46

Compaction Tests 47-52

Indirect Tensile Creep Compliance and Strength 53-58

Correlation of Mixing and Compaction Temperatures 59-65

Comparison of SSF and Phase Angle Methods 66-67

Validation Experiment Results and Analysis 68-71

Summary of Key Findings 72-72

Independent Validation 73-73

Training 74-75

References 76-77

Appendix A - Responses of Survey on Agency Specifications Regarding Mixing and Compaction Temperatures 78-83

Appendix B - Mix Design Data for Base Mix and Other Compaction Experiment Mixes 84-85

Appendix C - Draft AASHTO Standard for Steady Shear Flow and Phase Angle Methods 86-135

Appendix D - Statistical Analyses of the Steady Shear Flow and Phase Angle Methods 136-147

Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications 148-148