Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page R1
ACRP
AIRPORT
COOPERATIVE
RESEARCH
PROGRAM
SYNTHESIS 20
Sponsored by
Airport Terminal Facility the Federal
Activation Techniques Aviation Administration
A Synthesis of Airport Practice
OCR for page R2
ACRP OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE* TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2010 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE*
CHAIR OFFICERS
JAMES WILDING Chair: Michael R. Morris, Director of Transportation, North Central Texas Council of
Metropolitan Washington Airports Governments, Arlington
Authority (retired) Vice Chair: Neil J. Pedersen, Administrator, Maryland State Highway Administration, Baltimore
Executive Director: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Transportation Research Board
VICE CHAIR
MEMBERS
JEFF HAMIEL
MinneapolisSt. Paul J. BARRY BARKER, Executive Director, Transit Authority of River City, Louisville, KY
Metropolitan Airports Commission ALLEN D. BIEHLER, Secretary, Pennsylvania DOT, Harrisburg
LARRY L. BROWN, SR., Executive Director, Mississippi DOT, Jackson
DEBORAH H. BUTLER, Executive Vice President, Planning, and CIO, Norfolk Southern
MEMBERS Corporation, Norfolk, VA
JAMES CRITES WILLIAM A.V. CLARK, Professor, Department of Geography, University of California,
DallasFt. Worth International Airport Los Angeles
RICHARD DE NEUFVILLE EUGENE A. CONTI, JR., Secretary of Transportation, North Carolina DOT, Raleigh
Massachusetts Institute of Technology NICHOLAS J. GARBER, Henry L. Kinnier Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, and
KEVIN C. DOLLIOLE Director, Center for Transportation Studies, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
Unison Consulting JEFFREY W. HAMIEL, Executive Director, Metropolitan Airports Commission, Minneapolis, MN
JOHN K. DUVAL PAULA J. HAMMOND, Secretary, Washington State DOT, Olympia
Austin Commercial, LP EDWARD A. (NED) HELME, President, Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, DC
KITTY FREIDHEIM ADIB K. KANAFANI, Cahill Professor of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley
Freidheim Consulting SUSAN MARTINOVICH, Director, Nevada DOT, Carson City
STEVE GROSSMAN DEBRA L. MILLER, Secretary, Kansas DOT, Topeka
Jacksonville Aviation Authority SANDRA ROSENBLOOM, Professor of Planning, University of Arizona, Tucson
TOM JENSEN TRACY L. ROSSER, Vice President, Corporate Traffic, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Mandeville, LA
National Safe Skies Alliance STEVEN T. SCALZO, Chief Operating Officer, Marine Resources Group, Seattle, WA
HENRY G. (GERRY) SCHWARTZ, JR., Chairman (retired), Jacobs/Sverdrup Civil, Inc.,
CATHERINE M. LANG
St. Louis, MO
Federal Aviation Administration
BEVERLY A. SCOTT, General Manager and Chief Executive Officer, Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid
GINA MARIE LINDSEY Transit Authority, Atlanta, GA
Los Angeles World Airports DAVID SELTZER, Principal, Mercator Advisors LLC, Philadelphia, PA
CAROLYN MOTZ DANIEL SPERLING, Professor of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science and Policy;
Hagerstown Regional Airport Director, Institute of Transportation Studies; and Interim Director, Energy Efficiency Center,
RICHARD TUCKER University of California, Davis
Huntsville International Airport KIRK T. STEUDLE, Director, Michigan DOT, Lansing
DOUGLAS W. STOTLAR, President and CEO, Con-Way, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI
EX OFFICIO MEMBERS C. MICHAEL WALTON, Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Chair in Engineering, University of
SABRINA JOHNSON Texas, Austin
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
RICHARD MARCHI EX OFFICIO MEMBERS
Airports Council International-- THAD ALLEN (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of
North America Homeland Security, Washington, DC
LAURA McKEE PETER H. APPEL, Administrator, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, U.S.DOT
Air Transport Association of America J. RANDOLPH BABBITT, Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S.DOT
HENRY OGRODZINSKI REBECCA M. BREWSTER, President and COO, American Transportation Research Institute,
National Association of State Aviation Smyrna, GA
Officials GEORGE BUGLIARELLO, President Emeritus and University Professor, Polytechnic Institute
MELISSA SABATINE of New York University, Brooklyn; Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Engineering,
American Association of Airport Washington, DC
Executives ANNE S. FERRO, Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, U.S.DOT
ROBERT E. SKINNER, JR. LEROY GISHI, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of
Transportation Research Board the Interior, Washington, DC
EDWARD R. HAMBERGER, President and CEO, Association of American Railroads, Washington, DC
JOHN C. HORSLEY, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and
SECRETARY
Transportation Officials, Washington, DC
CHRISTOPHER W. JENKS DAVID T. MATSUDA, Deputy Administrator, Maritime Administration, U.S.DOT
Transportation Research Board VICTOR M. MENDEZ, Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S.DOT
WILLIAM W. MILLAR, President, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC
CYNTHIA L. QUARTERMAN, Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety
Administration, U.S.DOT
PETER M. ROGOFF, Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, U.S.DOT
DAVID L. STRICKLAND, Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,
U.S.DOT
JOSEPH C. SZABO, Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, U.S.DOT
POLLY TROTTENBERG, Assistant Secretary for Transportation Policy, U.S.DOT
ROBERT L. VAN ANTWERP (Lt. Gen., U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers and Commanding
General, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC
*Membership as of June 2010. *Membership as of June 2010.
OCR for page R3
AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM
ACRP SYNTHESIS 20
Airport Terminal Facility Activation Techniques
A Synthesis of Airport Practice
CONSULTANTS
AL LYONS
and
DAVID POWELL
Arup
New York, N.Y.
S UBSCRIBER C ATEGORIES
Aviation · Terminals and Facilities
Research Sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD
WASHINGTON, D.C.
2010
www.TRB.org
OCR for page R4
AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM ACRP SYNTHESIS 20
Airports are vital national resources. They serve a key role in Project A11-03, Topic S08-01
transportation of people and goods and in regional, national, and ISSN 1935-9187
international commerce. They are where the nation's aviation sys- ISBN 978-0-309-14315-8
tem connects with other modes of transportation and where federal Library of Congress Control Number 2010929882
responsibility for managing and regulating air traffic operations
intersects with the role of state and local governments that own and © 2010 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
operate most airports. Research is necessary to solve common oper-
ating problems, to adapt appropriate new technologies from other
industries, and to introduce innovations into the airport industry. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION
The Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) serves as one Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for
of the principal means by which the airport industry can develop obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the
innovative near-term solutions to meet demands placed on it. copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein.
The need for ACRP was identified in TRB Special Report 272: Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce
Airport Research Needs: Cooperative Solutions in 2003, based on material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes.
a study sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will
The ACRP carries out applied research on problems that are shared be used to imply TRB or FAA endorsement of a particular product, method,
by airport operating agencies and are not being adequately or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this
addressed by existing federal research programs. It is modeled after document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate
the successful National Cooperative Highway Research Program acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For
and Transit Cooperative Research Program. The ACRP undertakes other uses of the material, request permission from CRP.
research and other technical activities in a variety of airport subject
areas, including design, construction, maintenance, operations,
safety, security, policy, planning, human resources, and administra- NOTICE
tion. The ACRP provides a forum where airport operators can coop-
eratively address common operational problems. The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the Airport
The ACRP was authorized in December 2003 as part of the Cooperative Research Program, conducted by the Transportation Research
Vision 100-Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act. The primary Board with the approval of the Governing Board of the National Research
participants in the ACRP are (1) an independent governing board, Council.
the ACRP Oversight Committee (AOC), appointed by the Secretary The members of the technical panel selected to monitor this project and
of the U.S. Department of Transportation with representation from to review this report were chosen for their special competencies and with
airport operating agencies, other stakeholders, and relevant indus- regard for appropriate balance. The report was reviewed by the technical
try organizations such as the Airports Council International-North panel and accepted for publication according to procedures established and
America (ACI-NA), the American Association of Airport Execu- overseen by the Transportation Research Board and approved by the
tives (AAAE), the National Association of State Aviation Officials Governing Board of the National Research Council.
The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those
(NASAO), and the Air Transport Association (ATA) as vital links
of the researchers who performed the research and are not necessarily those
to the airport community; (2) the TRB as program manager and sec-
of the Transportation Research Board, the National Research Council, or the
retariat for the governing board; and (3) the FAA as program spon-
program sponsors.
sor. In October 2005, the FAA executed a contract with the National
Academies formally initiating the program.
The ACRP benefits from the cooperation and participation of air-
port professionals, air carriers, shippers, state and local government The Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, the National
officials, equipment and service suppliers, other airport users, and Research Council, and the sponsors of the Airport Cooperative Research
research organizations. Each of these participants has different Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers'
interests and responsibilities, and each is an integral part of this names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the
cooperative research effort. object of the report.
Research problem statements for the ACRP are solicited period-
ically but may be submitted to the TRB by anyone at any time. It is
the responsibility of the AOC to formulate the research program by
identifying the highest priority projects and defining funding levels
and expected products.
Once selected, each ACRP project is assigned to an expert panel,
appointed by the TRB. Panels include experienced practitioners and
research specialists; heavy emphasis is placed on including airport
professionals, the intended users of the research products. The panels
prepare project statements (requests for proposals), select contractors,
and provide technical guidance and counsel throughout the life of the Published reports of the
project. The process for developing research problem statements and
selecting research agencies has been used by TRB in managing coop- AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM
erative research programs since 1962. As in other TRB activities, are available from:
ACRP project panels serve voluntarily without compensation.
Primary emphasis is placed on disseminating ACRP results to the Transportation Research Board
intended end-users of the research: airport operating agencies, service Business Office
500 Fifth Street, NW
providers, and suppliers. The ACRP produces a series of research Washington, DC 20001
reports for use by airport operators, local agencies, the FAA, and other
interested parties, and industry associations may arrange for work- and can be ordered through the Internet at
http://www.national-academies.org/trb/bookstore
shops, training aids, field visits, and other activities to ensure that
results are implemented by airport-industry practitioners. Printed in the United States of America
OCR for page R5
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished schol-
ars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology
and to their use for the general welfare. On the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in
1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and techni-
cal matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Acad-
emy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration
and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for
advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs
aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achieve-
ments of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the
services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining
to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of
Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, on its own initiative,
to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the
Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate
the broad community of science and technology with the Academys í p urposes of furthering knowledge and
advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Acad-
emy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences
and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scien-
tific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both the Academies and the Insti-
tute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively,
of the National Research Council.
The Transportation Research Board is one of six major divisions of the National Research Council. The
mission of the Transportation Research Board is to provide leadership in transportation innovation and
progress through research and information exchange, conducted within a setting that is objective, interdisci-
plinary, and multimodal. The Board's varied activities annually engage about 7,000 engineers, scientists, and
other transportation researchers and practitioners from the public and private sectors and academia, all of
whom contribute their expertise in the public interest. The program is supported by state transportation depart-
ments, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation,
and other organizations and individuals interested in the development of transportation. www.TRB.org
www.national-academies.org
OCR for page R6
ACRP COMMITTEE FOR PROJECT A11-03 COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMS STAFF
CHRISTOPHER W. JENKS, Director, Cooperative Research Programs
CHAIR CRAWFORD F. JENCKS, Deputy Director, Cooperative Research
BURR STEWART Programs
Seattle, Washington MICHAEL R. SALAMONE, Senior Program Officer
EILEEN P. DELANEY, Director of Publications
MEMBERS
RANDALL P. BURDETTE ACRP SYNTHESIS STAFF
Virginia Department of Aviation STEPHEN R. GODWIN, Director for Studies and Special Programs
GARY C. CATHEY JON M. WILLIAMS, Program Director, IDEA and Synthesis Studies
California Department of Transportation GAIL R. STABA, Senior Program Officer
KEVIN C. DOLLIOLE DON TIPPMAN, Editor
Unison Consulting, Inc. CHERYL KEITH, Senior Program Assistant
JULIE KENFIELD DEBBIE IRVIN, Program Associate
Jacobs Engineering Group, Inc.
CAROLYN MOTZ TOPIC PANEL
Hagerstown Regional Airport KENNETH BRAMMER, Washington Metropolitan Airports Authority
JOHN CHRISTIANSON, Seattle Tacoma International Airport
FAA LIAISON AL N. GULAMALI, Lee County (FL) Port Authority
RANDY MOSENG JON HYPNAR, Wayne County (MI) Airport Authority
STEPHEN SILVERHART, Greater Toronto Airports Authority
ACINORTH AMERICA LIAISON DANILO SIMICH, Parsons, Costa Mesa, California
A.J. MULDOON RICH SMYTH, jetBlue Airways
HENRY THOMPSON, San Francisco International Airport
AIRCRAFT OWNERS AND PILOTS ASSOCIATION JOHN WALEWSKI, Texas A&M University
JOHN L. COLLINS PAUL L. FRIEDMAN, Federal Aviation Administration (Liaison)
TRB LIAISON
CHRISTINE GERENCHER
OCR for page R7
FOREWORD Airport administrators, engineers, and researchers often face problems for which infor-
mation already exists, either in documented form or as undocumented experience and prac-
tice. This information may be fragmented, scattered, and unevaluated. As a consequence,
full knowledge of what has been learned about a problem may not be brought to bear on its
solution. Costly research findings may go unused, valuable experience may be overlooked,
and due consideration may not be given to recommended practices for solving or alleviat-
ing the problem.
There is information on nearly every subject of concern to the airport industry. Much of
it derives from research or from the work of practitioners faced with problems in their day-
to-day work. To provide a systematic means for assembling and evaluating such useful in-
formation and to make it available to the entire airport community, the Airport Cooperative
Research Program authorized the Transportation Research Board to undertake a continu-
ing project. This project, ACRP Project 11-03, "Synthesis of Information Related to Air-
port Practices," searches out and synthesizes useful knowledge from all available sources
and prepares concise, documented reports on specific topics. Reports from this endeavor
constitute an ACRP report series, Synthesis of Airport Practice.
This synthesis series reports on current knowledge and practice, in a compact format,
without the detailed directions usually found in handbooks or design manuals. Each report
in the series provides a compendium of the best knowledge available on those measures
found to be the most successful in resolving specific problems.
PREFACE This synthesis study is intended to inform airport terminal operators and those involved
By Gail R. Staba in the facility activation process about lessons learned during recent airport facilities open-
Senior Program Officer ings so that effective airport terminal facility activation practices can be identified and
Transportation shared across the industry.
Research Board Information was largely gathered from individuals involved with one or more terminal
activations at 13 domestic and international airports.
Al Lyons and David Powell, Arup, New York, N.Y., collected and synthesized the infor-
mation and wrote the report. The members of the topic panel are acknowledged on the pre-
ceding page. This synthesis is an immediately useful document that records the practices
that were acceptable within the limitations of the knowledge available at the time of its
preparation. As progress in research and practice continues, new knowledge will be added
to that now at hand.
OCR for page R8
CONTENTS
1 SUMMARY
5 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
Background, 5
Synthesis Topic Panel, 5
Airport Terminal Facilities Activation, 5
Data Collection, 6
Synthesis Structure, 6
7 CHAPTER TWO NEW AIRPORT TERMINAL FACILITIES--
WHERE ACTIVATION FITS IN
9 CHAPTER THREE PHASED VERSUS CONSOLIDATED OPENINGS
12 CHAPTER FOUR SOFT VERSUS HARD DATE AND SCHEDULE
FOR AIRPORT TERMINAL FACILITY OPENING DAY
16 CHAPTER FIVE TERMINAL ACTIVATION GOVERNANCE
20 CHAPTER SIX TERMINAL ACTIVATION POLICIES, PROCESSES,
AND PROCEDURES
Airport Terminal Activation Process Management, 20
Stakeholder Management, 20
Stakeholder Meetings, 21
Activation Communication Management and Reporting, 21
Internal Communication, 22
Workforce Communication, 24
External Communications, 24
Communications Tools, 24
Activation Schedule, 24
Plan(s) of Operations, 24
Defining Trials, 26
Trials Program Development and Execution, 26
Develop Transfer and Transition Strategy, 27
Transfer and Transition Commencement, 27
Go/No Go for Airport Transition and Opening Process, 28
Countdown to Airport Terminal Facility Opening Day, 28
Post-Airport Terminal Facility Opening Day Activities, 28
Recruitment and Training, 28
Identifying Resources, 29
Training Matrix, 29
Training Program Development, 30
Training Schedule, 30
Training Tracking, 30
OCR for page R9
Core Training Delivery--Orientation and Familiarization Programs, 30
Training Materials, 31
Training for Trials, 31
34 CHAPTER SEVEN AIRPORT TERMINAL ACTIVATION TOOLS AND SERVICES
37 CHAPTER EIGHT CONCLUSIONS AND CURRENT EFFECTIVE PRACTICES
38 GLOSSARY OF TERMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND ACRONYMS
39 BIBLIOGRAPHY
40 APPENDIX A SURVEY INSTRUMENT
44 APPENDIX B AIRPORTS INCLUDED IN STUDY
45 APPENDIX C REPRESENTATIVE READINESS CHECKLIST/MILESTONE MATRIX
60 APPENDIX D REPRESENTATIVE READINESS CHECKLIST
88 APPENDIX E SURVEY RESULTS
