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Design Controls 17
very low. None of the measurements were taken at regional shopping centers or other similar
large urban activity centers.
At a point 25 feet in advance of the near edge of the driveway, 90% of drivers about to turn
right had decelerated to between 15.5 and 18.0 mph or less. Only 10% of drivers turning left had
measured speeds of more than 10.0 to 13.0 mph when their vehicles were one lane away from
the driveway end. At approximately the position at which the rear bumper had cleared the road-
way, 90th percentile speeds ranged from 7.0 to 13.9 mph.
References
3-1. AASHTO. Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities. Washington, DC (1999) 78 pp.
3-2. AASHTO. A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. Washington, DC (2004) 896 pp.
3-3. AASHTO. Guide for the Planning, Design, and Operation of Pedestrian Facilities. Washington, DC (July 2004)
127 pp.
3-4. Landis, B. W., Petritsch, T. A., and Huang, H. F. Characteristics of Emerging Road and Trail Users and Their
Safety. FHWA-HRT-04-103 (October 2004) 117 pp.
3-5. Zegeer, J. D., et al. NCHRP Report 599: Default Values for Highway Capacity and Level of Service Analyses.
Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, DC (2008) pp. 5558.
3-6. Elizer, R. M. "Chapter. 2: Design Philosophy and Controls." Urban Street Geometric Design Handbook, ITE,
Washington, DC (2008) p. 41.
3-7. French, L. J., Clawson, A., and Eck, R. W. "Development of Design Vehicles for the Hang-Up Problem."
Transportation Research Record 1847, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council,
Washington, DC (2003) pp. 1119.