National Academies Press: OpenBook
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14401.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14401.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14401.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14401.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14401.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14401.
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Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

TRANSPORTAT ION RESEARCH BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 2010 www.TRB.org N A T I O N A L C O O P E R A T I V E H I G H W A Y R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M NCHRP REPORT 655 Subscriber Categories Bridges and Other Structures Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements Abdul-Hamid Zureick Bruce R. Ellingwood GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Atlanta, GA Andrzej S. Nowak UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA-LINCOLN Lincoln, NE Dennis R. Mertz UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE Newark, DE Thanasis C. Triantafillou UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS Patras, Greece Research sponsored by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration

NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM Systematic, well-designed research provides the most effective approach to the solution of many problems facing highway administrators and engineers. Often, highway problems are of local interest and can best be studied by highway departments individually or in cooperation with their state universities and others. However, the accelerating growth of highway transportation develops increasingly complex problems of wide interest to highway authorities. These problems are best studied through a coordinated program of cooperative research. In recognition of these needs, the highway administrators of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials initiated in 1962 an objective national highway research program employing modern scientific techniques. This program is supported on a continuing basis by funds from participating member states of the Association and it receives the full cooperation and support of the Federal Highway Administration, United States Department of Transportation. The Transportation Research Board of the National Academies was requested by the Association to administer the research program because of the Board’s recognized objectivity and understanding of modern research practices. The Board is uniquely suited for this purpose as it maintains an extensive committee structure from which authorities on any highway transportation subject may be drawn; it possesses avenues of communications and cooperation with federal, state and local governmental agencies, universities, and industry; its relationship to the National Research Council is an insurance of objectivity; it maintains a full-time research correlation staff of specialists in highway transportation matters to bring the findings of research directly to those who are in a position to use them. The program is developed on the basis of research needs identified by chief administrators of the highway and transportation departments and by committees of AASHTO. Each year, specific areas of research needs to be included in the program are proposed to the National Research Council and the Board by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Research projects to fulfill these needs are defined by the Board, and qualified research agencies are selected from those that have submitted proposals. Administration and surveillance of research contracts are the responsibilities of the National Research Council and the Transportation Research Board. The needs for highway research are many, and the National Cooperative Highway Research Program can make significant contributions to the solution of highway transportation problems of mutual concern to many responsible groups. The program, however, is intended to complement rather than to substitute for or duplicate other highway research programs. Published reports of the NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM are available from: Transportation Research Board Business Office 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 and can be ordered through the Internet at: http://www.national-academies.org/trb/bookstore Printed in the United States of America NCHRP REPORT 655 Project 10-73 ISSN 0077-5614 ISBN 978-0-309-15485-7 Library of Congress Control Number 2010930888 © 2010 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, FAA, FHWA, FMCSA, FTA, or Transit Development Corporation endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP. NOTICE The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program, conducted by the Transportation Research Board with the approval of the Governing Board of the National Research Council. The members of the technical panel selected to monitor this project and to review this report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance. The report was reviewed by the technical panel and accepted for publication according to procedures established and overseen by the Transportation Research Board and approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council. The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research and are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board, the National Research Council, or the program sponsors. The Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, the National Research Council, and the sponsors of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the object of the report.

CRP STAFF FOR NCHRP REPORT 655 Christopher W. Jenks, Director, Cooperative Research Programs Crawford F. Jencks, Deputy Director, Cooperative Research Programs Amir N. Hanna, Senior Program Officer Eileen P. Delaney, Director of Publications Maria Sabin Crawford, Assistant Editor NCHRP PROJECT 10-73 PANEL Field of Materials and Construction—Area of Specifications, Procedures, and Practices Paul V. Liles, Jr., Georgia DOT, Atlanta, GA (Chair) Tadeusz C. Alberski, New York State DOT, Albany, NY Jim Gutierrez, California DOT, Sacramento, CA Issam Harik, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY Calvin E. Reed, Kansas DOT, Topeka, KS Andrew L. Thomas, Pennsylvania DOT, Harrisburg, PA Eric P. Munley, FHWA Liaison Stephen F. Maher, TRB Liaison C O O P E R A T I V E R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M S

This report presents a recommended guide specification for the design of externally bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) systems for the repair and strengthening of con- crete bridge elements. This guide specification addresses the design requirements for mem- bers subjected to different loading conditions (e.g., flexure, shear and torsion, and com- bined axial force and flexure). The guide specification is supplemented by design examples to illustrate its use for different FRP strengthening applications. The guide specification is presented in AASHTO LRFD format to facilitate use and incorporation into the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specification. The material contained in the report should be of imme- diate interest to state engineers and others involved in the strengthening and repair of con- crete structures using FRP composites. Use of externally bonded FRP systems for the repair and strengthening of reinforced and prestressed concrete bridge structures has become accepted practice by some state highway agencies because of their technical and economic benefits. Such FRP systems are lightweight, exhibit high tensile strength, and are easy to install; these features facilitate handling and help expedite repair or construction, enhance long-term performance, and result in cost savings. In addition, research has shown that external bonding of FRP composites improves flexural behavior of concrete members and increases the capacity of concrete bents and columns. In spite of their potential benefits, use of externally bonded FRP systems is hampered by the lack of nationally accepted design specifications for bridges. Thus, research was needed to review available information and develop a recommended guide specification for such repair and strengthening systems. Under NCHRP Project 10-73, “Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements,” Georgia Institute of Technology conducted a review of relevant domestic and international information, identified and categorized the items necessary for developing a guide specification, and developed a reliability-based guide specification that employs Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) methodology. The guide specification is accompanied by commentaries that are necessary for explaining the background, applicability, and limitations of the respective provisions. In addition, design examples are provided to illustrate use of the recommended guide specification for different strengthening requirements. The recommended guide specification will be particularly useful to highway agencies because it will facilitate consideration of FRP systems among the options available for the repair and strengthening of concrete bridge elements and help select options that are expected to yield economic and other benefits. The incorporation of the recommended guide specification into the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications will provide an easy access to the information needed for the design of externally bonded FRP systems for the repair and strengthening of concrete bridge elements. F O R E W O R D By Amir N. Hanna Staff Officer Transportation Research Board

C O N T E N T S 1 Summary 2 Chapter 1 Introduction and Research Approach 4 Chapter 2 Findings 12 Chapter 3 Interpretation, Appraisal, and Application 19 Chapter 4 Conclusions, Implementation, and Recommendations for Further Research 21 References A-i Attachment A Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements B-i Attachment B Illustrative Examples

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TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 655: Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements examines a recommended guide specification for the design of externally bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) systems for the repair and strengthening of concrete bridge elements.

The report addresses the design requirements for members subjected to different loading conditions including flexure, shear and torsion, and combined axial force and flexure. The recommended guide specification is supplemented by design examples to illustrate its use for different FRP strengthening applications.

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