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106
CHAPTER seven
Conclusions and Implications
This chapter presents conclusions associated with this syn- The most commonly cited barriers related to the imple-
thesis project. It is organized as follows: mentation of access management among responding state
DOTs are as follows:
· Overview of current programs and experiences of
transportation agencies in the administration of access · Political resistance (80%)
management · A lack of staff and funding resources (60%)
· Best practices for access management program · Organization and institutional limitations (52%)
implementation
· Suggestions for future research and for development Other common barriers cited included a lack of education
of additional resources to support access management and training opportunities, resistance by the development
implementation community, limited coordination with local governments,
legal issues, and a lack of vision.
Overview Of Current Programs
Practices For Program Implementation
Access management practices--whether part of a formal
access management program, or conducted informally as The successful implementation of access management is the
part of normal business operations--currently are used at objective of any program. Based on the survey findings pre-
all state departments of transportation (DOTs) in the United sented in this synthesis, the following items were identified
States. Approximately two-thirds of the 50 state DOTs indi- by survey respondents as helping to improve the implemen-
cated that they have a formal access management program tation and enhancement of access management programs:
and, although the remaining one-third do not have a formal
program, they manage access as part of an informal part of · Legal basis/legislation-- Strong access management
their normal operations. Among all state DOTs, access man- authority provides the foundation for a successful access
agement is most commonly applied at the driveway permit management program. States with access management-
level (92%), although it is also applied at the project level related statutory authority or administrative rules have
(78%), at the corridor level (64%), and at the statewide level stronger legal backing for their access management pro-
(60%). grams and policies. State DOTs with access codes (based
on the enabling statutory authority or administrative
The most commonly cited strengths related to the imple- rules) are generally better suited to manage access along
mentation of access management are as follows: state highways. An access code enables state DOTs to
establish standards and enforce them uniformly.
· Having some inherent flexibility for making judgment · Access Classification System (ACS) --An ACS pro-
decisions (76% of state DOTs and 53% of locals) vides a framework for the comprehensive implementa-
· Representing a defensible administrative rule (60% of tion of access management on a systemwide basis.
state DOTs and 23% of locals) · Access committee --Access management is most suc-
· Providing uniformity when controlling access (52% of cessful in cases in which the agency has the institutional
state DOTs and 51% of locals) commitment to implement the program and integrate it
into the daily business functions. This could involve
Strong organizational commitment was cited as a planning, permitting, traffic engineering, project deliv-
strength by 40% of the responding state DOTs, and 26% of ery, and operations and maintenance activities to form
the local agencies. Some specific program strengths cited a strong foundation for access management within a
by state DOT respondents--including allowances for design state DOT or transportation agency. An internal com-
waivers and flexible guidelines--underscored the need for mittee can be formed to review and provide feedback
flexibility. on difficult or controversial access-related issues.
