National Academies Press: OpenBook
Page i
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R1
Page ii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R2
Page iii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R3
Page iv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R4
Page v
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R5
Page vi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R6
Page vii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R7
Page viii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R8
Page ix
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R9
Page x
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R10
Page xi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R11
Page xii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R12
Page xiii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R13
Page xiv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R14
Page xv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R15
Page xvi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R16
Page xvii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R17
Page xviii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R18
Page xix
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R19
Page xx
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R20
Page xxi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R21
Page xxii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R22
Page xxiii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R23
Page xxiv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R24
Page xxv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R25
Page xxvi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R26
Page xxvii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R27
Page xxviii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R28
Page xxix
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R29
Page xxx
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R30
Page xxxi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R31
Page xxxii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R32
Page xxxiii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R33
Page xxxiv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R34
Page xxxv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R35
Page xxxvi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R36
Page xxxvii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R37
Page xxxviii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R38
Page xxxix
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R39
Page xl
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R40
Page xli
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R41
Page xlii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R42
Page xliii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R43
Page xliv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R44
Page xlv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R45
Page xlvi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R46
Page xlvii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R47
Page xlviii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R48
Page xlix
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R49
Page l
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R50
Page li
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R51
Page lii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R52
Page liii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R53
Page liv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R54
Page lv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R55
Page lvi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R56
Page lvii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R57
Page lviii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R58
Page lix
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R59
Page lx
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R60
Page lxi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R61
Page lxii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R62
Page lxiii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R63
Page lxiv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R64
Page lxv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R65
Page lxvi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R66
Page lxvii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R67
Page lxviii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R68
Page lxix
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R69
Page lxx
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R70
Page lxxi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R71
Page lxxii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R72
Page lxxiii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R73
Page lxxiv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R74
Page lxxv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R75
Page lxxvi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R76
Page lxxvii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R77
Page lxxviii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R78
Page lxxix
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R79
Page lxxx
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R80
Page lxxxi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R81
Page lxxxii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R82
Page lxxxiii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2010. State of the Practice in Highway Access Management. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14419.
×
Page R83

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

NCHRP NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM SYNTHESIS 404 State of the Practice in Highway Access Management Sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration A Synthesis of Highway Practice

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD ACRP OVERSIGHT 2010 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE* COMMITTEE* TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2009 EXECUTIVE COMMITTE CHAIR OFFICERS OFFICERS James Wilding CHAIR: Adib K. Kanafani, Cahill Professor of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley Chair: Michael R. Morris, Independent Director of Transportation, North Central Texas Council of Governments, Arlington Consultant VICE CHAIR: Michael R. Morris, Director of Transportation, North Central Texas Council of Vice Chair: Neil J. Pedersen, Administrator, Maryland State Governments, Highway Administration, Arlington Baltimore VICE CHAIR Executive Director: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., TransportationEResearch Board XECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Transportation Research Board Jeff Hamiel MEMBERS Minneapolis­St. Paul MEMBERS Metropolitan Airports Commission J. BARRY BARKER, Executive Director, Transit Authority J. of River Barry City, Louisville, Barker, KY Executive Director, Transit Authority of River City, Louisville, KY ALLEN D. BIEHLER, MEMBERS Secretary, Pennsylvania DOT, Harrisburg Allen D. Biehler, Secretary, Pennsylvania DOT, Harrisburg LARRY L. BROWN, SR., Executive Director, Mississippi Larry DOT, L. Jackson Brown, Sr., Executive Director, Mississippi DOT, Jackson James Crites DEBORAH Dallas­Fort H. BUTLER, Executive Worth ViceAirport International President, Planning, and CIO, Deborah Norfolk H. Butler, Southern Executive Corporation, Vice Norfolk, VA President, Planning, and CIO, Norfolk Southern Corporation, WILLIAM A.V. CLARK, Richard Professor, Department of Geography, de Neufville University Norfolk, VA of California, Los Angeles EUGENE A.Massachusetts CONTI, JR., Institute of Technology Secretary of Transportation, North Carolina William A.V.DOT, Clark,Raleigh Professor, Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles NICHOLASKevin J. C. Dolliole GARBER, Unison Consulting Henry L. Kinnier Professor, Department David S. of Civil Ekern, Engineering, Commissioner, and Director, Virginia DOT, Center for Transportation Studies, Richmond UniversityJohn of Virginia, K. DuvalCharlottesville Nicholas J. Garber, Henry L. Kinnier Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of JEFFREY W. HAMIEL, Beverly Executive Municipal Virginia, Airport Director, Metropolitan Airports Charlottesville Commission, Minneapolis, MN Kitty Freidheim PAULA J. HAMMOND, Secretary, Washington State DOT, Jeffrey OlympiaW. Hamiel, Executive Director, Metropolitan Airports Commission, Minneapolis, MN Freidheim Consulting EDWARD A. (NED) Steve HELME, President, Center for CleanEdward Grossman Air Policy,A. (Ned) Helme, DC Washington, President, Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, DC ADIB K. KANAFANI, Cahill Professor Jacksonville Aviation Randell H. Iwasaki, Director, Authority of Civil Engineering, University of California, BerkeleyCalifornia DOT, Sacramento SUSAN MARTINOVICH, Tom Jensen Director, Nevada DOT, CarsonSusan City Martinovich, Director, Nevada DOT, Carson City National Safe DEBRA L. MILLER, Skies Alliance Secretary, Kansas DOT, Topeka Debra L. Miller, Secretary, Kansas DOT, Topeka Catherine M. Lang Neil ofJ. Pedersen, Administrator, Maryland State Highway Administration, Baltimore SANDRA ROSENBLOOM, Professor of Planning, University Federal Aviation Administration Arizona, Tucson TRACY L. ROSSER, Pete K. Rahn, Director, Missouri DOT, LA Jefferson City Gina MarieVice President, Corporate Traffic, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Mandeville, Lindsey Sandra Rosenbloom, Professor of Planning, University of Arizona, Tucson STEVEN T. Los SCALZO, ChiefAirports Angeles World Operating Officer, Marine Resources Group, Seattle, WA Carolyn Motz Tracy L. Rosser, Vice President, Regional General Manager, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Mandeville, LA HENRY G. (GERRY) SCHWARTZ, JR., Chairman (retired), Jacobs/Sverdrup Civil, Inc., St. Louis, MO Hagerstown Regional Airport Rosa Clausell Rountree, CEO­General Manager, Transroute International Canada Services, Inc., BEVERLY A. SCOTT, Richard General Manager and Chief Executive Officer, Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority, Atlanta, GA Tucker Pitt Meadows, BC DAVID SELTZER, HuntsvillePrincipal, Mercator International Airport Advisors LLC, Philadelphia, PA Chief Operating Officer, Marine Resources Group, Seattle, WA Steven T. Scalzo, DANIEL SPERLING, Professor of Civil Engineering and Environmental Henry G. (Gerry) Science and Policy; Schwartz, Director, Jr., Chairman Institute Jacobs/Sverdrup (retired), of Transportation Studies; Civil, Inc., St. Louis, MO EX and Interim OFFICIO Director, MEMBERS Energy Efficiency Center, University of California, Davis C. Michael Walton, Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Chair in Engineering, University of Texas, Aust KIRK T. STEUDLE, Director, Michigan DOT, Lansing Linda S. Watson, CEO, LYNX­Central Florida Regional Transportation Authority, Orlando Sabrina Johnson DOUGLAS W. U.S.STOTLAR, Environmental Protectionand President Agency CEO, Con-Way,Steve Inc., Williams, Ann Arbor, MI Chairman and CEO, Maverick Transportation, Inc., Little Rock, AR Richard Marchi C. MICHAEL WALTON, Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Airports Council International--North America Chair in Engineering, University of Texas, Austin Laura McKee EX OFFICIO MEMBERS EX OFFICIO MEMBERS Air Transport Association of America Thad Allen (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, Washington, DC Henry Ogrodzinski PETER H. APPEL, Administrator, Research and Innovative National Association of State Aviation Officials Technology Peter H. Appel,Administration, Administrator,U.S.DOT Research and Innovative Technology Administration, U.S.DOT J. RANDOLPH BABBITT, Melissa Sabatine Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, J. Randolph U.S.DOT Babbitt, Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S.DOT REBECCA M. BREWSTER, American President Association of Airport and COO, American Executives Transportation Rebecca Research M. Brewster, Institute, President Smyrna, and COO, GA Transportation Research Institute, Smyrna, G American Robert E. Skinner,President GEORGE BUGLIARELLO, Jr. George Emeritus and University Bugliarello, Professor, President Polytechnic Emeritus Institute ofand New University Professor, York University, Polytechnic Institute of New York Brooklyn; Transportation Research Board University, Brooklyn; Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Engineering, Washington, DC Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Engineering, Washington, DC ANNE S. FERRO, Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety JamesAdministration, E. Caponiti, Acting Deputy Administrator, Maritime Administration, U.S.DOT U.S.DOT SECRETARY LEROY GISHI, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau Cynthia of IndianDouglass, Acting Affairs, U.S. Deputy Administrator, Department Pipeline of the Interior, and Hazardous Washington, DC Materials Safety Christopher W. Jenks Administration, U.S.DOT Washington, DC EDWARD R. HAMBERGER, President Transportation Research Board and CEO, Association of American Railroads, JOHN C. HORSLEY, Executive Director, American Association LeRoyof Gishi, StateChief, Division Highway of Transportation, and Transportation BureauWashington, Officials, of Indian Affairs, DC U.S. Department of the Interior, DAVID T. MATSUDA, Deputy Administrator, Maritime Administration, U.S.DOT Washington, DC VICTOR M. MENDEZ, Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, Edward R. Hamberger, U.S.DOT President and CEO, Association of American Railroads, Washington, DC John C. Horsley, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and Transportation WILLIAM W. MILLAR, President, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC Officials, Washington, DC ROBERT J. PAPP (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Washington, DC Rose A. McMurry, Acting Deputy Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, U.S.D CYNTHIA L. QUARTERMAN, Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, U.S.DOT Ronald Medford, Acting Deputy Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, PETER M. ROGOFF, Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, U.S.DOTU.S.DOT DAVID L. STRICKLAND, Administrator, National Highway Traffic Victor Safety Administration, M. Mendez, Administrator,U.S.DOT Federal Highway Administration, U.S.DOT JOSEPH C. SZABO, Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, U.S.DOT William W. Millar, President, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC POLLY TROTTENBERG, Assistant Secretary for Transportation Peter M. Policy, Rogoff,U.S.DOT Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, U.S.DOT ROBERT L. VAN ANTWERP (Lt. Gen., U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers Joseph C. Szabo,and Commanding Administrator, General, Federal U.S. Administration, Railroad Army Corps of Engineers, U.S.DOT Washington, DC Polly Trottenberg, Assistant Secretary for Transportation Policy, U.S.DOT Robert L. Van Antwerp (Lt. Gen., U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers and Commanding General, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC *Membership as of July 2010. *Membership as of October 2009. *Membership as of October 2009. MASTERS

NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM NCHRP Synthesis 404 State of the Practice in Highway Access Management A Synthesis of Highway Practice Consultants JEROME S. GLUCK and MATTHEW R. LORENZ AECOM Consulting Transportation Group, Inc. New York, N.Y. S ubscriber C ategories Design · Highways · Operations and Traffic Management Research Sponsored by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials in Cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 2010 www.TRB.org

NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM NCHRP Synthesis 404 Systematic, well-designed research provides the most effective Project 20-05 (Topic 40-11) approach to the solution of many problems facing highway administra- ISSN 0547-5570 tors and engineers. Often, highway problems are of local interest and ISBN 978-0-309-14305-9 can best be studied by highway departments individually or in coop- Library of Congress Control No. 2009942377 eration with their state universities and others. However, the accelerat- ing growth of highway transportation develops increasingly complex © 2010 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. problems of wide interest to highway authorities. These problems are best studied through a coordinated program of cooperative research. In recognition of these needs, the highway administrators of the COPYRIGHT INFORMATION American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their manuscripts initiated in 1962 an objective national highway research program and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who employing modern scientific techniques. This program is supported own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material on a continuing basis by funds from participating member states of used herein. the Association and it receives the full cooperation and support of Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to repro- the Federal Highway Administration, United States Department of duce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit pur- Transportation. poses. Permission is given with the understanding that non of the mate- The Transportation Research Board of the National Research Coun- rial will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, FAA, FHWA, FMSCA, cil was requested by the Association to administer the research pro- FTA, or Transit development Corporation endorsement of a particular gram because of the Board's recognized objectivity and understanding product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the of modern research practices. The Board is uniquely suited for this material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will purpose as it maintains an extensive committee structure from which give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any development or authorities on any highway transportation subject may be drawn; it reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission possesses avenues of communication and cooperation with federal, from CRP. state, and local governmental agencies, universities, and industry; its relationship to the National Research Council is an insurance of objec- NOTICE tivity; it maintains a full-time research correlation staff of specialists in highway transportation matters to bring the findings of research The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the National directly to those who are in a position to use them. Cooperative Highway Research Program conducted by the Transpor- The program is developed on the basis of research needs identified tation Research Board with the approval of the Governing Board of by chief administrators of the highway and transportation departments the National Research Council. Such approval reflects the Governing and by committees of AASHTO. Each year, specific areas of research Board's judgment that the program concerned is of national impor- needs to be included in the program are proposed to the National tance and appropriate with respect to both the purposes and resources Research Council and the Board by the American Association of State of the National Research Council. Highway and Transportation Officials. Research projects to fulfill The members of the technical committee selected to monitor this these needs are defined by the Board, and qualified research agencies project and to review this report were chosen for recognized scholarly are selected from those that have submitted proposals. Administration competence and with due consideration for the balance of disciplines and surveillance of research contracts are the responsibilities of the appropriate to the project. The opinions and conclusions expressed or National Research Council and the Transportation Research Board. implied are those of the research agency that performed the research, The needs for highway research are many, and the National Coop- and, while they have been accepted as appropriate by the technical com- erative Highway Research Program can make significant contributions mittee, they are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research to the solution of highway transportation problems of mutual concern Board, the National Research Council, the American Association of to many responsible groups. The program, however, is intended to State Highway and Transportation Officials, or the Federal Highway complement rather than to substitute for or duplicate other highway Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation. research programs. Each report is reviewed and accepted for publication by the tech- nical committee according to procedures established and monitored by the Transportation Research Board Executive Committee and the Governing Board of the National Research Council. Published reports of the NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM are available from: Transportation Research Board Business Office NOTE: The Transportation Research Board of the National Acad- 500 Fifth Street, NW emies, the National Research Council, the Federal Highway Adminis- Washington, DC 20001 tration, the American Association of State Highway and Transporta- tion Officials, and the individual states participating in the National and can be ordered through the Internet at: Cooperative Highway Research Program do not endorse products or http://www.national-academies.org/trb/bookstore manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers' names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the object of this report. Printed in the United States of America

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. On the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the ser- vices of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, on its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Acad- emy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. The Transportation Research Board is one of six major divisions of the National Research Council. The mission of the Transportation Research Board is to provide leadership in transportation innovation and prog- ress through research and information exchange, conducted within a setting that is objective, interdisciplinary, and multimodal. The Board's varied activities annually engage about 7,000 engineers, scientists, and other transportation researchers and practitioners from the public and private sectors and academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest. The program is supported by state transportation departments, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and other organizations and individuals interested in the development of transportation. www.TRB.org www.national-academies.org

NCHRP COMMITTEE FOR PROJECT 20-05 COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMS STAFF CHRISTOPHER W. JENKS, Director, Cooperative Research Programs CHAIR CRAWFORD F. JENCKS, Deputy Director, Cooperative CATHERINE NELSON Research Programs Oregon DOT NANDA SRINIVASAN, Senior Program Officer EILEEN DELANEY, Director of Publications MEMBERS KATHLEEN S. AMES NCHRP SYNTHESIS STAFF Springfield, Illinois STEPHEN R. GODWIN, Director for Studies and STUART D. ANDERSON Special Programs Texas A&M University JON M. WILLIAMS, Program Director, IDEA and CYNTHIA J. BURBANK Synthesis Studies PB Americas, Inc. Jo Allen Gause, Senior Program Officer GAIL STABA, Senior Program Officer LISA FREESE DONNA L. VLASAK, Senior Program Officer Scott County (MN) Public Works Division DON TIPPMAN, Editor MALCOLM T. KERLEY CHERYL KEITH, Senior Program Assistant Virginia DOT DEBBIE IRVIN, Program Associate RICHARD D. LAND California DOT JAMES W. MARCH TOPIC PANEL Federal Highway Administration PETER A. ALLAIN, Louisiana Department of Transportation JOHN M. MASON, JR and Development Auburn University RICHARD A. CUNARD, Transportation Research Board LISA FREESE, Scott County (MN) Public Works Division ANANTH PRASAD HAROLD LASLEY, Oregon Department of Transportation HNTB Corporation HERBERT S. LEVINSON, Wallingford, CT ROBERT L. SACK DAVID C. ROSE, Parsons Brinkerhoff Strategic Consulting New York State DOT Services, New York, N.Y. FRANCINE SHAW-WHITSON GRANT G. SCHULTZ, Brigham Young University Federal Highway Administration NEIL C. SPILLER, Federal Highway Administration (Liaison) LARRY VELASQUEZ ZHONGREN WANG, California Department of Transportation New Mexico DOT RICHARD C. WORSSAM, Virginia Department of Transportation WEI ZHANG, Federal Highway Administration (Liaison) FHWA LIAISON JACK JERNIGAN TRB LIAISON STEPHEN F. MAHER

FOREWORD Highway administrators, engineers, and researchers often face problems for which information already exists, either in documented form or as undocumented experience and practice. This information may be fragmented, scattered, and unevaluated. As a consequence, full knowledge of what has been learned about a problem may not be brought to bear on its solution. Costly research findings may go unused, valuable experience may be overlooked, and due consider- ation may not be given to recommended practices for solving or alleviating the problem. There is information on nearly every subject of concern to highway administrators and engi- neers. Much of it derives from research or from the work of practitioners faced with problems in their day-to-day work. To provide a systematic means for assembling and evaluating such useful information and to make it available to the entire highway community, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials--through the mechanism of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program--authorized the Transportation Research Board to undertake a continuing study. This study, NCHRP Project 20-5, "Synthesis of Infor- mation Related to Highway Problems," searches out and synthesizes useful knowledge from all available sources and prepares concise, documented reports on specific topics. Reports from this endeavor constitute an NCHRP report series, Synthesis of Highway Practice. This synthesis series reports on current knowledge and practice, in a compact format, with- out the detailed directions usually found in handbooks or design manuals. Each report in the series provides a compendium of the best knowledge available on those measures found to be the most successful in resolving specific problems. PREFACE This synthesis reports how various agencies have acted on the various components of an By Donna L. Vlasak access management program, what have been barriers to action, and how new efforts might improve implementation of access management strategies. Primary focus areas considered Senior Program Officer are legal and legislative bases, contents of policies and programs, implementation aspects, Transportation reported effectiveness of program implementation, and profiles of contemporary practice. Research Board This synthesis reports on the state of the practice with respect to planning, highway design, development review and permitting, and other focus areas where access management is typically incorporated. The emphasis is placed on states, but counties, municipalities, and metropolitan planning organizations are also considered. The synthesis includes a comprehensive review of existing access management-related literature. This was supplemented by an online survey questionnaire distributed to key staff with access management responsibilities identified by state departments of transportation, as well as at various participating metropolitan planning organizations, counties, and munici- palities. Although 45 of 50 states initially responded to the survey, 5 additional states later provided survey responses, raising the response rate to 100%. In addition, profiles of con- temporary access management practices, highlighting key aspects of how transportation agencies develop and administer their access management programs are presented. Jerome S. Gluck and Matthew R. Lorenz, AECOM Consulting Transportation Group Inc., New York, N.Y., collected and synthesized the information and wrote the report. The members of the topic panel are acknowledged on the preceding page. This synthesis is an immediately useful document that records the practices that were acceptable within the limitations of the knowledge available at the time of its preparation. As progress in research and practice continues, new knowledge will be added to that now at hand.

Contents 1 SUMMARY 5 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background, 5 Synthesis Objective, 5 Methodology, 6 Questionnaire Development, 6 Report Organization, 7 8 CHAPTER TWO BASIS FOR ACCESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS AND POLICIES Background, 8 Legal Basis for Access Management, 8 11 CHAPTER THREE CONTENTS OF POLICIES AND PROGRAMS Background, 11 Literature Search, 11 Survey Results, 46 57 CHAPTER FOUR PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION Literature Search, 57 Survey Results, 65 80 CHAPTER FIVE REPORTED EFFECTIVENESS OF PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION Literature Search, 80 Survey Results, 80 91 CHAPTER SIX PROFILES OF CONTEMPORARY PRACTICES Implementation of a Statewide Access Management Program in Virginia, 91 North Carolina Department of Transportation Strategic Corridors Initiative, 92 Development of Access Classification System for Indiana Department of Transportation, 94 Minnesota Department of Transportation's Development and Access Permitting Review Process, 95 Oregon Department of Transportation's Automated Permit Database (CHAMPS), 98 Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development's Traffic Impact Study Policy and Process, 98 Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development's Approach to Implementing Access Management, 101 California Department of Transportation's Equitable Share Responsibility Calculations, 102 New Jersey Department of Transportation's Vehicle-Use Limitations for Nonconforming Lots, 103 Transit-Related Trip-Generation Credits in the New Jersey Access Code, 103 106 CHAPTER SEVEN CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Overview of Current Programs, 106 Practices for Program Implementation, 106 Future Research and Needed Resources, 107 109 REFERENCES 113 APPENDIX A Access Management Survey 141 APPENDIX B List of Responding Agencies

145 APPENDIX C Summary of Survey Responses 267 APPENDIX D Retrofit Toolbox Appendixes A­D of this report can be found at www.trb.org, search on "NCHRP Synthesis 404."

State of the Practice in Highway Access Management Get This Book
×
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!

TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 404: State of the Practice in Highway Access Management examines current practice, potential barriers, and possible enhancements to highway access management programs. The report focuses on legal, legislative, policy, program, implementation, and effectiveness issues related to access management.

Appendixes A-D of NCHRP Synthesis 404 are available online.

  • Appendix A Access Management Survey
  • Appendix B List of Responding Agencies
  • Appendix C Summary of Survey Responses
  • Appendix D Retrofit Toolbox
  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!