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Plan of Finance and Financial Feasibility 61 Summary of Funding Sources Table 14 summarizes the funding sources described in this chapter that may be available for an offsite terminal and airport transportation link. The project sponsor should also research fund- ing opportunities that may be available in the specific market area in which the airport or offsite terminal is located such as through state, county, or municipal funding sources. Case Study 4 pres- ents a hypothetical example of an approach to researching funding sources for an offsite terminal with a bus link to the airport. Table 14. Potential funding sources, offsite terminal and airport transportation link. Federal and/or Project Type Program Description/Eligibility Agency Contact(s) Local Agency Airport master plans and area-wide system FAA Office of Planning and Planning FAA plans. Programming and Airport District Office Projects coordinated through MPOs (areas MPOs and state DOTs FHWA and Planning greater than 50,000 population) and state FTA DOTs (less than 50,000 population). "On-airport" transportation and facilities that FAA Airport Financial serve airport passengers. Assistance Office for Capital: AIP: priority for grants for airside and intermodal projects involving FAA terminal needs. off-airport links. FAA on-airport Airport District Office for portions of project PFCs: use if significant impact on aviation financial eligibility system capacity and congestion reduction. Airport revenue: eligible. Airport revenue may be used to support FAA Airport District Office Operating: operations of the on-airport movement of on-airport FAA passengers and other operational costs. Off- portions of project airport bus routes permitted if service exclusively serves airport passengers. Capital: Checked baggage-screening projects that result TSA Federal Security off-airport in more efficient and secure operations. Director responsible for solutions with TSA airport passenger processing Capital: CFCs: Fees on rental car users that can be FAA Airport District Office multi-use facilities leveraged to construct facilities. FAA with rental car operations Public transportation buses and fixed- FTA Regional Office and Capital: FTA and guideway transit projects, including those that MPO/state DOT FHWA transit vehicles are part of regional systems. Non-attainment (MPOs and and facilities and maintenance areas eligible for CMAQ state DOTs) monies that provide air quality benefits. Operating: Limited operating assistance available to FTA Regional Office and FTA urbanized areas less than 200,000 in MPO/state DOT transit service population. TIFIA: Loans and lines of credit available for FHWA Resource Centers and Federal and state FHWA and major transportation projects. SIBs: credit state DOTs credit assistance state DOTs assistance available for eligible surface transportation projects. Source: Jacobs Consultancy

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62 Planning for Offsite Airport Terminals CASE STUDY 4 Hypothetical Scenario of Possible Funding Sources for an Offsite Terminal with Connecting Bus Service to the Airport The case studies in this section have focused on pre- be to coordinate with the regional MPO. Funding for senting examples of the best uses of currently avail- the required planning studies could be requested able funding sources, but these case studies are of from the FAA's Airport Planning and Programming existing terminals that do not meet the report's focus Office. on offsite terminals outside of a 10-mile airport The FAA's Airport Financial Assistance office would radius with a non-stop transportation connection to also need to be consulted early in the project devel- the airport (the case studies do, however, illustrate opment stages in order to review airport revenue the different functions that any offsite terminal may and AIP and PFC funding eligibility. The primary provide). For that reason, this hypothetical case study question would be whether the lease the airport shows potential funding sources for an existing off- operator holds to the offsite terminal is of a duration site terminal as if it were being planned and devel- and security level such that the FAA would consider oped today. the on-airport and ownership criteria met. If so, PFC For this financing case study the key assumptions are eligibility could be established due to the airport roads and curbside congestion relief provided by the · The airport operator is the project sponsor. bus service. If the airport operator wished to use PFC · The terminal is located 15 miles from the airport. funds at the $4.50 level for this project, the more Transportation is provided via diesel-powered stringent "significant contribution" requirement motor coaches that use dedicated HOV lanes on would also need to be reviewed. If all of these crite- the Interstate between the offsite terminal and the ria are met, the airport operator would have the abil- airport. ity to consider using airport funds on the eligible · The offsite terminal provides basic concession serv- public, non-revenue-producing areas of the offsite ices and a waiting area, as well as 1,000 long-term terminal. The airport operator would next explore parking spaces for passengers, 20 short-term park- potential federal funding sources. FTA Section 5307 ing spaces, and 800 parking spaces for airport grants would be explored for terminal development employees. funding. FTA Section 5309 grants may be available to · Bus service is direct and non-stop between the off- assist in the purchase of low-emission buses. site terminal and the airport terminal area, ensur- ing that only airport passengers and employees use If the airport is located in a federal air-quality non- the bus service. attainment area, coordination with the MPO for · The airport operator leases the offsite terminal from potential CMAQ funds would also be explored. a local real estate company. The airport operator's focus on reducing single- · The airport operator has a contractual agreement occupancy-vehicle trips and the associated emissions with a private company to operate the bus service. reductions would make the parking facility at the The private company owns and maintains the offsite terminal eligible for CMAQ funds. buses. After exploring the grants listed above, the airport · Currently baggage check-in processes are not per- operator would develop the financing plan most formed at the offsite terminal, although they may appropriate for their organization. This may include be in the future. the use of airport revenue, bonds, and/or the other If this terminal project were under development federal and state credit assistance programs listed today, the first step for the airport operator would previously.