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89 CHAPTER 9 Strategies to Address Constrained Employee Parking Through the research conducted under ACRP Project 10-06, a disincentive for commuting by transit or ride-sharing by air- few instances of constrained employee parking at an airport port employees. were identified. Of the airports that experienced constrained Often, the public transportation system serving an airport employee parking, the constraints were resolved relatively does not adequately serve all work shifts. Most medium- and quickly compared to public parking constraints, and considered large-hub airports operate on a 24-h per day schedule, 365 days easier to resolve by airport operators than were public parking per year; however, public transportation systems often do not constraints. Employee parking constraints were resolved pri- operate on a 24-h schedule, and public transportation service marily by adding capacity. Airport operators typically have schedules are designed to accommodate peak commute times more options available for the accommodation of employee of the traditional office worker (approximately 7 A.M. to 9 A.M. parking and, compared to airline passengers accessing the air- and 5 P.M. to 7 P.M.), which are not the same as the peak times port, airport employees typically have fewer alternative access for airport shift workers. mode options available to them. Of the access mode choices available to the airline passenger, The characteristics of the employee commute to an airport, most are not an option for the airport employee because of the the strategies airport operators may consider adopting to limited service availability to key on-airport employment areas manage or resolve constrained employee parking, and ways to or the prohibitive cost as a routine commute option. Table 30 evaluate the effectiveness of the strategies are presented in this shows the applicability of potential access modes as employee chapter. commute options. Airport Employee Strategies to Address Constrained Commute Environment Employee Parking Airport employees are defined as employees of the air- Strategies to manage or resolve constrained employee park- port operator, airline tenants, or other businesses located ing include increasing capacity, improving the use of existing on the airport property. Employee commute trips account facilities, and offering alternatives to the drive-alone commute. for a sizable number of daily vehicle trips generated by Potential outcomes from each of the strategies to resolve con- a commercial airport. The number of airport employees strained employee parking are similar to those described for and their commute patterns are the primary determinants public parking constraints in Chapter 5--an airport operator of the demand for employee parking and, therefore, will should consider the financial, vehicle traffic, environmental provide insights into employee parking constraints. For a (vehicle emissions), and customer service implications of each description of employee customer segments, please refer to strategy. For example, a strategy may have a financial implica- Chapter 1. tion resulting from changes in revenue, capital, or operat- Each employee commuting in a single-occupant automo- ing costs. Each strategy may result in a change in vehicle trips bile needs a parking space in the vicinity of the airport for the generated to and from the airport or trip patterns on the airport duration of the work shift. At some commercial airports, roadway system, and this may produce related changes in vehi- parking is offered to employees for a low monthly fee that is cle emissions. The customer service implications of each strat- often less than the price of a monthly transit pass, or the park- egy should also be considered for both employees and their ing is subsidized by employers. Low-cost parking may serve as employers.