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OCR for page 77
Develop an Emergency Preparedness Program 77
Step Checklist
To evaluate the state transportation agency's processes and capabilities for managing and sup-
porting evacuation/shelter-in-place/quarantine events, the agency should consider whether it is
able to
· Make/support a decision to evacuate, shelter-in-place, or quarantine and coordinate with
local, regional, and state officials regarding orders and routes.
· Issue/support an evacuation/shelter-in-place/quarantine order and mobilize the agency acti-
vation team to coordinate decision activities.
· Communicate evacuation/shelter-in-place/quarantine orders and incident management
measures to disseminate appropriate information to employees and travelers and provide updates
in a timely manner.
· Issue orders to evacuate, shelter-in-place, or quarantine its own emergency response teams
and personnel as necessary to maintain their safety.
· Ensure there are sufficient resources to guarantee the safety of agency emergency response
teams and personnel if the agency chooses to have them shelter-in-place.
· Support evacuated/sheltered-in-place/quarantined/vulnerable populations, including those
individuals with special medical needs.
Step 4--Implement Emergency Response Actions
To support implementation of emergency response efforts, the state transportation agency may
be called upon to identify access routes to the emergency scene and to monitor these routes as
response efforts progress to ensure routes remain viable options for responder entry and exit. The
agency must be prepared to communicate all changes to entry and exit routes to the Incident Com-
mand Team through the ICS structure. The agency may also be required to deploy its own response
teams and personnel to manage traffic flow and debris removal along emergency responder entry
and exit routes. Implementing emergency response actions requires completion of three phases.
RESPOND Phase 08: Take Response Actions
Purpose. Implement emergency transportation operations activities as required (e.g., open/
close routes, manage traffic flow, deploy debris-removal teams, activate contraflow operations,
coordinate to ensure that unmet transportation resource needs are identified and requests for
additional support are made, provide and receive briefings, and support those with special needs).
Actions. Implement the Incident Command System and chain of command and/or Unified
Command to create an integrated team of multidisciplinary and multi-jurisdictional stakehold-
ers. Implement primary and (as needed) secondary command posts. Supporting actions may
require the transportation agency to
· Deploy transit resources to support evacuation, including accommodating vulnerable popu-
lations, as well as resources to accommodate pets on transit vehicles and/or in shelters.
· Enforce evacuation/shelter-in-place/quarantine orders. The Emergency Operations Team
should engage public safety officials in going door-to-door to ensure residents know of and
comply with the order.
· Place services at intervals along evacuation route(s). Arrange for emergency services within a
shelter-in-place or quarantine area, as needed.
· Open evacuation/shelter-in-place/quarantine routes to maximize throughput (e.g., close toll
operations, work zones).
· Activate mutual-aid agreements.
· Determine the need for and deploy emergency medical and other support staff staged along
the emergency routes or attached to those working with vulnerable populations, or within or
near a shelter-in-place or quarantine area.
OCR for page 78
78 A Guide to Emergency Response Planning at State Transportation Agencies
· Determine the need for and deploy debris-removal crews to clear blocked highways and/or
other transportation facilities.
· Determine the need for and, as needed, deploy sanitation crews with mobile comfort stations
(e.g., portable toilets, wash areas).
· Coordinate local evacuation/shelter-in-place/quarantine incident action plans with the desig-
nated incident commander in the field and the EOC/TMC. Field and EOC commanders should
coordinate incident action plans with neighboring jurisdictions and the state or neighboring
state(s). The EOC should obtain updated information frequently and communicate this infor-
mation to those evacuated/sheltered-in-place/quarantined throughout the event.
· Set up and monitor contraflow operations to ensure traffic is flowing safely and efficiently.
Use shoulders, HOV lanes, reversible lanes, and frontage roads for evacuation traffic.
· Coordinate and communicate contraflow and other special operations with neighboring
jurisdictions.
· Coordinate with the next higher level of government to ensure unmet transportation resource
needs are identified and requests for additional support are made.
· Control access to evacuation routes and manage traffic flow.
· Control access to shelter-in-place/quarantine areas to prevent unauthorized entry. Include
strategies for emergency responders, transit vehicles, and other essential equipment to move
inbound against the predominant outbound flow of traffic.
· Provide trained personnel to support the evacuation route or shelter-in-place/quarantine area
(e.g., food, first aid, fuel, information).
Focus. Respond within the unified command structure.
National Incident Management System Compliance Issues. Use access control measures
during an incident, as appropriate.
Supporting Resources.
· Using Highways During Evacuation Operations for Events with Advance Notice: Routes to Effective
Evacuation Planning Primer Series, http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/evac_primer/
00_evac_primer.htm
· Using Highways for No-Notice Evacuations: Routes to Effective Evacuation Planning Primer
Series, http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/evac_primer_nn/index.htm
· Managing Pedestrians During Evacuation of Metropolitan Areas, http://www.ops.fhwa.
dot.gov/publications/pedevac/index.htm
· FHWA Emergency Transportation Operations, Response, http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/eto_tim_
pse/index.htm
· NCHRP Synthesis 392: Transportation's Role in Emergency Evacuation and Reentry, search for
title at www.TRB.org/SecurityPubs
RESPOND Phase 09: Deploy Response Teams
Purpose. Deploy personnel and field equipment to implement emergency transportation
operations.
Actions. Ensure that field personnel make frequent contact with the EOC through the ICS.
Address activation of the TMC if it is not already operational (e.g., during normally inactive
periods).
Supporting Resources.
· NCHRP Web-Only Document 73: Emergency Transportation Operations: Resources Guide for
NCHRP Report 525: Volume 6, search for title at www.TRB.org/SecurityPubs
· Overview: ESF and Support Annexes Coordinating Federal Assistance In Support of the
National Response Framework, http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrf-overview.pdf
OCR for page 79
Develop an Emergency Preparedness Program 79
· NCHRP Report 525: Surface Transportation Security, Volume 6: Guide for Emergency Trans-
portation Operations, search for title at www.TRB.org/SecurityPubs
· Final Report for the Application of Technology to Transportation Operations in Biohazard Situ-
ations, http://www.its.dot.gov/eto/docs/transops_biohazard/executive.htm
Software:
· NCHRP Report 525: Surface Transportation Security, Volume 10: A Guide to Transportation's
Role in Public Health Disasters, search for title at www.TRB.org/SecurityPubs to access the
TERET software
· NCHRP Report 525: Surface Transportation Security, Volume 11: Disruption Impact Estimating
Tool--Transportation (DIETT): A Tool for Prioritizing High-Value Transportation Choke
Points, search for title at www.TRB.org/SecurityPubs
RESPOND Phase 10: Communicate Evacuation/Shelter-in-Place/Quarantine
Order and Incident Management Measures
Purpose. Disseminate appropriate information to employees and travelers, and provide
updates in a timely manner.
Actions. Brief national, state, and local authorities and personnel (such as transit and health
agencies and Fusion Centers) at regular intervals to ensure all parties are provided with accurate,
timely, and comprehensive information. Hold regular media briefings to inform the media about
evacuation routes and shelter-in-place and quarantine locations, traffic and road conditions, and
other pertinent information to communicate to the public in a timely manner. Supporting trans-
portation agencies may
· Disseminate accurate information pertaining to evacuation orders in a clear fashion and
timely manner to avoid shadow or unnecessary evacuations or unnecessarily lengthy evacua-
tion trips.
· Implement a briefing schedule with ranking representatives from each stakeholder agency
participating in the event.
· Inform evacuees of available transport modes, how to access them, and if there are any restric-
tions on what evacuees may carry with them.
· Inform evacuees of when transportation assistance will begin and end and the frequency of
departure at designated pick-up locations.
· Inform evacuees of their destination before they board public transport.
· Inform the public and/or family members of the evacuees' destinations.
· Identify established websites, hotlines, text messaging groups, etc., where people can get
answers to their questions and concerns. In the event of a shelter-in-place or quarantine situ-
ation, inform people of the nature of the danger and actions they should take.
· Communicate security measures to the public.
· Identify support services for those with special needs.
· Communicate critical operational changes to the EOC and the public.
· Communicate information to evacuees on the availability of nonpublic shelters, such as
hotels. Keep shelter operations informed of the location and status of other shelters.
· Communicate information to those to be sheltered-in-place or quarantined.
· Regularly reinforce, internally and externally, that persons involved in any way with the
evacuation/shelter-in-place/quarantine event must direct all but the most basic inquiries to
the JIC. Personnel working on the event must maintain effective communications at all times
to coordinate movements, share real-time information, and track deployments.
· Establish processes to ensure redundant communications systems are available during the
evacuation/shelter-in-place/quarantine because the event may damage or disable primary
communication systems.
