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SECTION 2 Planning Guide: Developing Road Pricing Plans and Programs Section 2 is for planners, analysts, communications and outreach personnel, and decision mak- ers interested in moving forward with a road pricing plan or simply interested in more depth on planning and program development considerations for further evaluation of road pricing. The sec- tion provides considerations for successful planning and program development common to all the six pricing concepts introduced in Section 1. In Section 2.1, readers will find expanded information on planning considerations from pro- gram startup to acceptance and implementation, as drawn from both an extensive literature review and case studies included as resources in Part 2. The same section provides checkpoints on the broad engagement process and communications important for successful development of any of the road pricing concepts. Section 2.2 gives lessons and guidance on how road pricing can be integrated into the transporta- tion planning process as structured under federal law and guidance. In areas where road pricing is expanding from individual projects to multiple projects with possible application across regions, it is important for planners and decision makers to dovetail project planning with required plan- ning processes at the regional level. Regional planning processes are needed for authorizing and programming projects, pricing projects and complementary transit, HOV programs, parking, and land use policy. Some of the key planning steps discussed in relation to pricing include goal setting, evaluation of alternatives, air quality conformity and environmental reviews, planning with fiscal constraint, and public and stakeholder engagement. Section 2.3 describes the six road pricing concepts in detail, including example programs fol- lowed by tables providing information on travel impacts, revenues and finance, equity, environ- ment, policy and institutional requirements, popular reasons for attention to the concept, and promising recent developments bearing on acceptability and success considerations specific to each pricing concept. These tables are useful not only for planners and analysts evaluating the concepts with their potential impacts and implementation requirements, but also for decision makers inter- ested in success considerations key to public and stakeholder acceptability, and the policy and insti- tutional requirements particular to each concept. 2.1 Checkpoints for Planning, Engagement, and Communication Section 2.1 has been developed based on a literature review and interviews at sites and agen- cies involved in developing road pricing projects and proposals. The literature reviews focused on (1) road pricing planning, including how planning has proceeded thus far in states and regions, and the nature of the formal transportation planning process as specified in federal guidance and 16