• Front Matter R1-R12

• 1 Summary 1-24

• Part I Nutritional Status and Weight Gain 25-26

• 2 Introduction 27-36

• 3 Historical Trends in Clinical Practice, Maternal Nutritional Status, and the Course and Outcome of Pregnancy 37-62

• 4 Assessment of Gestational Weight Gain 63-95

• 5 Total Amount and Pattern of Weight Gain: Physiologic and Maternal Determinants 96-120

• 6 Body Composition Changes During Pregnancy 121-136

• 7 Energy Requirements, Energy Intake, and Associated Weight Gain During Pregnancy 137-175

• 8 Effects of Gestational Weight Gain on Outcome in Singleton Pregnancies 176-211

• 9 Weight Gain in Twin Pregnancies 212-221

• 10 Causality and Opportunities for Intervention 222-234

• Part II Dietary Intake and Nutrient Supplements 235-236

• 11 Introduction 237-244

• 12 Assessment of Nutrient Needs 245-257

• 13 Dietary Intake During Pregnancy 258-271

• 14 Iron Nutrition During Pregnancy 272-298

• 15 Trace Elements 299-317

• 16 Calcium, Vitamin D, and Magnesium 318-335

• 17 Vitamins, A, E, and K 336-350

• 18 Water-Soluble Vitamins 351-379

• 19 Protein and Amino Acids 380-389

• 20 Substance Use and Abuse During Pregnancy 390-411

• 21 Periconceptional Vitamin Supplementation and Neural Tube Defects 412-420

• Appendixes 421-440

• Acronyms 441-442

• Glossary 443-448

• Index 449-468

" 18 Water-Soluble Vitamins ." Nutrition During Pregnancy: Part I: Weight Gain, Part II: Nutrient Supplements . Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1990 .

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