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72
RESULTS
Fixed Costs of Frost Deicing (per winter season)
Using Standard Deicing Only $0
Using Mix of Spot and Standard Deicing $68,000
Cost Savings from Implementing Spot Deicing -$68,000
Variable Costs of Frost Deicing (per operation)
Using Standard Deicing Procedure $1,400
Using Spot Deicing Procedure $870
Cost Savings from Implementing Spot Deicing $530
Impact of Implementing Spot Deicing (per winter season) *
Financial Savings $568,000
Glycol Savings 120000 liters
Initial Investment Required to Implement Spot Deicing
Set-up Costs $17,000
Capital Costs $700,000
Winter Seasons to Breakeven 2
*Assumes: 2400 frost deicings conducted annually; 50% of frost deicings use spot procedure; and spot deicing procedure
uses 40% of the glycol of a standard procedure.
See next page (Breakeven Schedule) for further details
Figure 28. Sample results page.
understanding of the industry's perceptions and current frost removal would be financially advantageous for their oper-
usage of diluted fluids. Key findings are: ation. The model estimates the annual financial savings, annual
glycol savings, and number of years until the initial investment
· Although a reasonable number of operators are currently has been recouped. When applied to typical airport conditions,
using spot deicing, there are many operators who are not the model output clearly shows the value of implementing spot
familiar with this methodology for frost removal. deicing. In many cases, the financial outlay to implement spot
· Spot deicing is seen to be a cheap and effective methodology deicing for frost removal can be recouped in a year or two.
for frost removal. Cost and fluid and time savings are notable If implementation of spot deicing enables relocation of
benefits of spot deicing compared to conventional deicing. the defrosting activity from remote sites to passenger terminal
Fluid savings are estimated to be between 30 and 60%. gates, very significant benefits can be achieved in reduced oper-
· Spot deicing for frost removal is currently being employed ating costs, improved on-time performance, and reduced envi-
using Type I fluid mixed to a 10°C buffer heated to 60°C and ronmental impact from spent fluid and from carbon emissions
applied using a regular deicing vehicle. due to fuel burn.
· Training, lack of qualified individuals to make assessments
about its usage, and asymmetrical application resulting in
Recommendations
risks to safety, were identified as the key obstacles in employ-
ing spot deicing for frost removal. The following recommendations resulted from the work
· The methodology was seen to be more suitable for opera- conducted for the spot deicing for frost removal task:
tions at warmer temperatures.
· Although it does not appear to be required in order for
A cost-benefit model was developed for use by operators to operators to implement spot deicing for frost removal, it is
determine if making a switch from standard to spot deicing for recommended that the regulatory authorities (FAA and
