• Front Matter R1-R11

• Holdover Time Variance Across an Airfield 1-1

• Increased Use of Aircraft De/Anti-Icing Fluid Dilutions 2-2

• Organization 3-3

• Literature Review and Data Examination 4-4

• Survey 5-5

• Preliminary List of De/Anti-Icing Optimization Technologies and Procedures 6-6

• Development of Final List of Technologies and Procedures 7-8

• Focus Group Survey Inputs on Final List of Technologies and Procedures 9-16

• Overall Ranking of Optimization Technologies and Procedures 17-21

• Recommendations for Further Study 22-22

• Recommendations for Phase II 23-23

• Bibliography 24-27

• Additional Testing (Winter 200809) 28-28

• Equipment and Methodology for Precipitation Measurement 29-29

• Sequence of Events 30-31

• Tests Conducted 32-37

• Scatter Diagram of Logged Data 38-40

• Data Analysis 41-43

• Between-Site Differences in HOT 44-46

• Examination of Site Separation Distance 47-48

• Examination of Lake-Effect Snowfall on HOT Differences 49-50

• Comparison of HOTDS Results to Current Operational Practices 51-51

• HOTDS Implementation Strategy and Timeline 52-52

• Conclusions 53-53

• Recommendations 54-54

• References 55-55

• Objective 56-56

• Laboratory Tests 57-60

• Focus Group Survey 61-62

• Step 1: Examination of Potential Cost-Benefit Model Parameters 63-63

• Step 2: Cost-Benefit Model Development and Testing 64-64

• Examination of Current Government and Industry Regulations, Guidance Material, and Standards 65-65

• Laboratory Tests 66-67

• Focus Group Survey 68-68

• Cost-Benefit Model 69-69

• Conclusions 70-71

• Recommendations 72-72

• Suggested Research 73-73

• Objective 74-74

• Focus Group Survey 75-76

• Step 2: Cost-Benefit Model Development and Testing 77-79

• Examination of Current Government and Industry Regulations, Guidance Material, and Standards Related to the Use of Fluid Dilutions 80-80

• Findings of the Focus Group Survey 81-82

• Application of Findings to Current Practice 83-85

• Application of Findings to Create Cost-Benefit Model 86-86

• Conclusions 87-90

• Recommendations 91-91

• Appendixes 92-92

• Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications 93-93

D'Avirro, John, Chaput, Michael, Transportation Research Board " Front Matter ." ACRP Report 45: Optimizing the Use of Aircraft Deicing and Anti-Icing Fluids . Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2011 .

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