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Table 3. 3Cs practices.
Communication = Coordination= information Cooperation= information
information exchange exchange + altering exchange + altering activities to
activities to achieve a achieve a common purpose +
common purpose sharing resources
Presentations Meetings, Seminars, Planning Organizations
Summits and Workshops
Data Collection, Analysis, and Tribal Liaison or Coordinator Resource Sharing
Distributions
Newsletters, Flyers, and Public/Tribal Involvement Regional Transportation/Transit
Bulletins District or Coalition
Mailings with Response Forms Formal Agreements Investigation of Alternatives
Tribal Mediator Grants for Funding Planning for Disaster
Preparedness and Concurrent
Response to Disasters
Standards and Handbooks Regional or State-Level
Conferences
Training Tribal Consortium
upon the issue(s) to be addressed, what actions are required by Data Collection
tribal transportation initiatives, and the needs and constraints
Inventories on existing data related to a transportation proj-
of the stakeholders. The 19 practices are classified as commu-
nication, coordination or cooperation and are listed in Table 3. ect (e.g., information on existing transportation systems, land
It is unlikely that any one practice can address all of the of cultural significance that can be disclosed, etc.) can be cre-
dynamics of any one issue involved in tribal transportation ated and made accessible to transportation agencies and tribal
projects. Correlating tribal transportation issues and practices communities.
can assist in outlining a complex collaboration strategy that
includes several practices and corresponding plans of actions Standards and Handbooks
and goals. Specifics on the use of these practices are contextu-
alized in the 46 case studies that are included in Appendix C Standards are prescribed by national standard setting organ-
of this Guidebook. These case studies can provide guidance in izations such as AASHTO and ASTM. Handbooks are concise
the application of the 3C practices and related issues. reference books providing specific information about trans-
portation topics. Topics may include information on project
planning, permitting, funding programs, and success stories.
4.4.1 Communication Practices
These practices revolve around different methods of Newsletters/Fliers/Bulletins
exchanging information and tend to be the less formal of the
3Cs. Cultural competency is essential to any communica- Regular newsletters and bulletins are used to keep tribes
tion. Information sharing must be done in such a way that it informed of transportation projects and activities at the state
is sensitive to all tribal issues, including cultural competency, and federal levels.
protection and preservation of tribal-sensitive issues, confiden-
tiality of tribal sensitive matters, sovereignty, land ownership, Mailings/Response Forms
and monetary issues. While it is important for stakeholders to
understand tribal sovereignty, the intergovernmental relation Mailings with response forms (tear off or attachments) are
is often codified in MOUs and other programmatic agreements. used to keep tribes informed of current projects and solicit
responses on concerns with current and future projects.
Presentations
Tribal Moderator
Presentations are a communication tool used to convey
information from one entity to another. Information shared In order to ensure the successful exchange of information
can cover areas, issues and concerns on upcoming projects, between entities, a neutral, third party moderator who is knowl-
program or policy changes, or training material. edgeable in each entities' operations and cultures is designated
