Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page 72
72
Private Toronto 407
Dulles Greenway
Old New
SR-91
NTTA
OOCEA
E-470
Delaware Port Authority
FTE DTR
DRJTBC
CTRMA
ISHTA
OTC
NJTA
NYSTA CA I-15
Public
Source: Jacobs Engineering Group, 2010
Figure 37. Toll-road facilities analyzed.
was necessary to allocate costs between highway and toll- cash collection tollbooths and ETC systems. Moreover, agencies
collection activities. In the financial statements for the privately are moving at different rates with regard to the implementation
operated ITR and the Chicago Skyway, annual operational of ETC, ORT, and video tolling systems. Among toll agencies,
expenditures were merged within a single line item without there may be variation in the level of implementation of ETC
additional clarification. Because of the difficulty in disaggregat- systems. For example, NTTA has recently completed the instal-
ing this data, these agencies were excluded from the analysis. lation of an ETC system on the President George Bush Turn-
To the extent possible, expenditures related to the mainte- pike, but is gradually implementing ETC systems on its other
nance and/or rehabilitation of highway facilities have been roads. The transition to ETC depends largely on funding avail-
excluded from the analysis. Engineering and design costs related ability, political and regulatory requirements, and transponder
to road infrastructure as well as snow removal costs have also penetration rates. As a result, capital costs are treated separately
been excluded. Because US 183-A in Austin, Texas, opened in in this analysis.
March 2007, it has not been included in the analysis of opera-
tional costs due to the lack of historical data. However, 183-A
4.3.4 General Findings--Operational Costs
has been included in the analysis of capital costs.
Although 3 to 5 years of operational cost data has been col- Within the tolling industry, common benchmarks that are
lected, the findings in this section are largely based on 2007 used to assess toll collection include (i) costs as a percentage of
data. In reviewing the data, it was found that collection costs, total revenues, (ii) cost per transaction, and (iii) cost per cen-
for the most part, tended to increase gradually each year. As terline mile. Centerline and lane-mile data presented in this
a result, the use of multi-year averages led to cost estimates report represent all public road mileage, including that owned
that most closely approximated the mid-year of the analysis by (a) the state highway agency; (b) counties; (c) federal agen-
(e.g., 2005). To provide a more accurate representation of cies; (d) towns, townships, and municipalities; and (e) other
current costs, the most recent year, 2007, was used for analyz- jurisdictions. These parameters provide various conclusions
ing administrative, collection, and enforcement costs. with respect to the administrative, collection, and enforcement
Capital costs tend to vary greatly between agencies since costs for toll roads.
some facilities have a fully installed ETC system (e.g., Toronto With respect to costs as percentage of revenues, the toll
407 and US 183-A) while other agencies still have a mixture of agencies analyzed typically expended 33.5% of revenues to
OCR for page 73
73
Table 24. Summary of toll facilities, agencies, and operational costs.
Toll Road Facility Location Responsible Agency/Entity Admin. Toll Collection Enforcement
Dulles Toll Road 1 Northern Virginia Metropolitan Washington Transfers funds
Airports Authority/VDOT
Dulles Greenway Northern Virginia Toll Road Investors
Partnership II, L.P. (TRIP II)
Walt Whitman Bridge Pennsylvania and DRPA N/A
New Jersey
Ben Franklin Bridge
Betsy Ross Bridge
Commodore Barry Bridge
Trenton-Morrisville Bridge Pennsylvania and Delaware River Joint Toll
New Jersey Bridge Commission
New Hope-Lambertville Br.
I-78 Bridge
Easton-Phillipsburg Bridge
Portland-Columbia Bridge
Delaware Water Gap Bridge
Milford-Montague Bridge
E-470 Denver, Colorado E-470 Public Highway N/A
Authority (E-470)
Turnpike Mainline Florida Florida's Turnpike Enterprise Transfers funds
Toll 589
Toll 417
Beachline Expressway
Polk Parkway
Sawgrass Expressway
Western Beltway
S. TriState Chicago, Illinois ISTHA
N. TriState
Ronald Reagan Memorial
Jane Addams
Veterans Memorial
I-15 HOT lanes San Diego, SANDAG Separate entity for
California enforcement
I-90 New York NYSTA
I-87
Tappan Zee Bridge
New Jersey Turnpike New Jersey NJTA
Garden State Parkway
Dallas North Tollway Dallas, Texas NTTA
Pres. George Bush Turnpike
Addison Airport Toll Tunnel
Mountain Creek Lake Bridge
Lewisville Bridge
SR 408 Orlando, Florida OOCEA N/A
SR 414
SR 417
SR 429
SR 528
Ohio Turnpike Northern Ohio Ohio Turnpike Commission
SR-91 Orange County, OCTA Separate entity for
California enforcement
Toronto 407 Toronto, Ontario Toronto 407 International Inc. Transfers funds
183A2 Austin, Texas Central Texas RMA
1. VDOT transferred operations of the Dulles Toll Road in December 2008.
2. Until 2008, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) handled toll-collection activities on the behalf of CTRMA.
