Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page 4
4
CHAPTER 2
Overview of the Pavement-Type
Selection Processes
2.1 Overview identifies equivalent alternatives for the contractor to choose
from during bidding.
For any given project, the selected pavement type is expected For design-build projects, the agency may determine the
to provide the maximum utility value for taxpayers and facil- final pavement type for the project, or otherwise may allow
ity users over a predetermined design and analysis period. The the contractor to select the pavement type using the criteria
process for selecting pavement type should consider the proj- contained in the request for proposals (RFPs). Contractor-
ect requirements as well as the agency's operational policies based selection typically is used for projects where the contrac-
and public goals. It entails a careful and rational consideration tor undertakes long-term responsibility for operations and
of economic, engineering, and environmental factors. maintenance (O&M) or performance warranty. For projects
The pavement-type selection process entails identifying that require contractor-based selection, the agency develops
two or more feasible alternatives for a specific project from a contract provisions for the request for proposals or the bid
broader group of pavement types or design strategies. A pave- documents. As discussed in Chapter 3, the inputs from the
ment life-cycle model is developed for each proposed alter- agency's pavement-type selection committee are incorporated
native that constitutes an initial pavement structure and a in identifying feasible alternatives and developing contract
sequence (type and timing) of probable maintenance and reha- clauses for both agency-based and contractor-based selection
bilitation (M&R) activities. Based on the agency and user costs projects.
associated with these activities, the competing alternatives are
evaluated for their cost-effectiveness. The economic analysis
over the entire life cycle of the pavement is performed using a
2.3 Identification of Feasible
deterministic or probabilistic approach. The alternatives are
Pavement Alternatives
further evaluated to select a preferred strategy using economic The agency-based process begins with identifying potential
and noneconomic factors that reflect the agency's goals, poli- candidates for a specific project from an approved list of
cies, experience, and project-specific conditions. pavement types. However, the agency may consider some
A flow chart of the pavement-type selection process is pro- candidates inappropriate for the project because of physi-
vided in Figure 1. As shown, this process is applicable to both cal constraints, constructability issues, or other reasons. The
agency-based and contractor-based pavement-type selection. acceptable alternatives are then considered appropriate (fea-
sible) candidates for further analysis. Additional discussion of
feasible pavement alternatives is presented in Chapter 3.
2.2 Agency Planning
and Programming
2.4 Development of Life-Cycle
The pavement-type selection process begins with the
Strategies for Pavement
agency's determination of the contracting type for the proj-
Alternatives
ect. A project may be procured through traditional design-
bid-build or alternate contracting methods. The agency-based For each feasible candidate, the agency identifies the pave-
selection process generally is used for design-bid-build proj- ment life-cycle strategies required to achieve target perfor-
ects. Alternate pavement-type bidding may be used on tradi- mance levels over a chosen analysis period. The strategies
tional design-bid-build projects. In those cases, the agency include identification of the initial pavement section together
OCR for page 5
5
Agency planning and
programming
Identify appropriate
contract type for the project
YES Is the contract type
design-bid-build?
NO
Alternatives from
pavement-type Is project
selection committee
NO suitable for contractor- YES
(see Figure 2) based pavement-type
selection?
Agency-based Contractor-based
pavement-type selection pavement-type selection
Identification of feasible
Agency develops contract
alternatives for project
provisions
(see Figure 3)
Development of pavement life Contractor reviews contract
cycle strategies provisions and agency
(see Figure 4) practices
Contractor makes adjustments
Life cycle cost analysis
to inputs of agency-based
(see Figure 8)
selection process
Evaluation of economic and
noneconomic factors Design-build Performance
Design-build projects:
projects with O&M: warranty projects:
(see Figure 15) Contractor follows
Contractor follows Contractor follows
Figure 19
Figure 20 Figure 21
Agency-based selection of
preferred pavement types
(see Figure 15)
Contractor selects an
alternative for the proposal
Alternate bidding- Design-bid-build-
preferred pavement types preferred pavement type Contractor-based selection
(see Figure 16) (see Figure 15) of preferred pavement type
(see Figure 18)
Figure 1. Overview of the pavement-type selection process.
