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Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies (2011)

Chapter: Appendix H - 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix H - 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14559.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix H - 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14559.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix H - 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14559.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix H - 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14559.
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Page 140
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix H - 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14559.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix H - 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14559.
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Page 142
Page 143
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H - 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14559.
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U.S. Census Bureau’s 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Usage Survey (VIUS) collected a wide range of information about transportation activities for registered vehicles. This includes information about transport of hazardous materials by truck. These data were evaluated by the Texas Trans- portation Institute (TTI) for hazmat transport by truck types. The trucks were classified into eight different cargo body types and three different configurations. The VIUS data were evalu- ated to identify the national average percentage of truck miles driven while a DOT placard was required, according to truck type and configuration. The Census Bureau’s recommended mileage weighting was used to identify the national averages. It should be noted that this infor- mation, presented in Tables H.1 through H.6, does not include confidence intervals that reflect data variation due to sampling. Decimals are rounded up to the next integer (e.g., both 2.23% and 2.28% are rounded up to 2.3%). H.1 Vehicle Types Based on the evaluation of the 2002 VIUS data, eight truck cargo body types classifications are identified as relevant to differences in hazmat transportation: • Liquid/gas tank trucks (note: designation of shipping container chassis configurations was not included in the 2002 VIUS—ISO tank containers were assumed to correspond to liquid/gas tanks); • Vacuum tank trucks; • Dry bulk tank trucks; • “Standard” van box trucks, including basic enclosed, drop frame, step, walk-in, multistop, open top, other box trucks, and Curtainside trucks, which appear similar to standard van box trucks (note: designation of shipping container chassis configurations was not included in the 2002 VIUS—these were assumed to correspond to van configurations, with the exception of ISO tank containers which were assumed to correspond to liquid/gas tanks); • Refrigerated van trucks; • Utility and other service trucks; • Flatbed, stake, and platform, etc. trucks; and • Other truck types, including trash, garbage, or recycling; dump, concrete mixer, concrete pumper, low boy, crane, pole, logging, pulpwood, or pipe; beverage, livestock, and other trucks not classified above. H.2 Vehicle Configurations Truck configurations are classified into three categories based on the 2002 VIUS data: straight trucks, tractor-trailers (also including straight trucks with a trailer), and tractors with multiple trailers. H-1 A P P E N D I X H 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data

H-2 Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies Table H.1. 2002 VIUS data for percentage of placarded U.S. truck miles, by type, for all hazmat, Class 3, and Class 8 placards.1 Percent of U.S. Miles Driven by Trucks in Sample while Requiring DOT Placard2 Class 3 Truck/Trailer Type Truck Configuration Any Hazmat Cl. 3 Combust- able Class 8 Straight 37.1% 12.1% 7.1% 0.4% Tractor-Trailer3 36.8% 16.6% 7.0% 4.3% Multi-Trailer 35.4% 22.6% 6.3% 1.0%Liquid/gas tank Total 36.8% 16.3% 7.0% 3.8% Straight 5.3% 2.8% 1.6% 0.6% Tractor-Trailer --5 -- -- -- Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Vacuum Total 5.1% 2.7% 1.6% 0.6% Straight 0.4% **4 ** 0.002% Tractor-Trailer 1.3% 0.4% 0.02% 0.09% Multi-Trailer 1.6% ** ** 0.8%Dry bulk tank Total 1.3% 0.3% 0.02% 0.2% Straight 1.5% 0.4% 0.1% 0.5% Tractor-Trailer 3.8% 0.9% 0.4% 1.7% Multi-Trailer 5.9% 1.6% 0.7% 2.2% Van–basic enclosed, drop frame, step, walk-in, multistop, open top, other; Curtainside Total 3.9% 0.9% 0.4% 1.7% Straight 0.002% ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer 0.9% 0.4% 0.08% 0.5% Multi-Trailer 1.1% 0.03% 0.03% 1.0%Van–refrigerated Total 0.9% 0.3% 0.07% 0.4% Straight 2.1% 0.6% 1.0% 0.02% Tractor-Trailer 0.2% 0.05% ** ** Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Service–utility or other Total 1.9% 0.6% 0.9% 0.01% Straight 4.3% 0.5% 0.2% 1.0% Tractor-Trailer 0.8% 0.2% 0.08% 0.2% Multi-Trailer 0.5% ** ** 0.03%Flatbed, stake, platform, etc. Total 1.4% 0.3% 0.1% 0.4% Straight 0.2% 0.002% ** 0.005% Tractor-Trailer 0.6% 0.03% 0.004% 0.005% Multi-Trailer 0.2% ** ** **Other 6 Total 0.4% 0.02% 0.002% 0.004% Straight 3.1% 0.9% 0.5% 0.4% Tractor-Trailer 5.0% 1.7% 0.8% 1.4% Multi-Trailer 5.6% 1.8% 0.7% 1.9%Total Total 4.9% 1.6% 0.7% 1.3% 1. Percentages were calculated by TTI using U.S. Census Bureau 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey microdata. 2. Not the percentage of trucks with a hazmat placard. 3. Includes straight trucks with trailers 4. Less than 0.001%, or one in ten thousand. 5. Insufficient information in survey. 6. Includes: dump; low boy; automobile carrier; trailer-mounted equipment; beverage; livestock; mobile home toter; pole, logging, pulpwood, or pipe; trash, garbage, or recycling; concrete mixer or pumper; crane; tow/wrecker; tractor only; and other truck and truck body configurations not classified elsewhere.

2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data H-3 Table H.2. 2002 VIUS data for percentage of placarded U.S. truck miles, by type, for Class 2 placards.1 Percent of U.S. Miles Driven by Trucks in Sample while Requiring DOT Placard2 Class 2 Truck/Trailer Type Truck Configuration Div. 2.1 Div. 2.2 O2 (Div.2.2) Div.2.3 Straight 16.0% 0.6% 0.2% 0.1% Tractor-Trailer3 6.9% 2.5% 1.3% 0.3% Multi-Trailer 4.3% **4 ** ** Liquid/gas tank Total 7.6% 2.3% 1.2% 0.3% Straight ** 0.04% ** ** Tractor-Trailer --5 -- -- -- Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Vacuum Total ** 0.03% ** ** Straight ** ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer 0.7% 0.3% ** ** Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Dry bulk tank Total 0.6% 0.3% ** ** Straight 0.07% 0.4% 0.4% 0.04% Tractor-Trailer 0.5% 0.5% 0.07% 0.05% Multi-Trailer 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.03% Van–basic enclosed, drop frame, step, walk-in, multistop, open top, other; Curtainside Total 0.4% 0.5% 0.09% 0.04% Straight ** ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer 0.07% 0.2% ** ** Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Van–refrigerated Total 0.06% 0.1% ** ** Straight 0.3% 0.002% 0.02% ** Tractor-Trailer 0.07% ** ** ** Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Service–utility or other Total 0.3% 0.002% 0.01% ** Straight 1.9% 1.8% 0.6% 0.7% Tractor-Trailer 0.2% 0.08% 0.08% 0.03% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Flatbed, stake, platform, etc. Total 0.4% 0.4% 0.2% 0.2% Straight 0.05% ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer 0.03% 0.1% 0.004% ** Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Other6 Total 0.04% 0.08% 0.002% ** Straight 1.1% 0.4% 0.1% 0.2% Tractor-Trailer 0.8% 0.5% 0.2% 0.05% Multi-Trailer 0.2% 0.2% 0.09% 0.03%Total Total 0.8% 0.5% 0.2% 0.06% 1. Percentages were calculated by TTI using U.S. Census Bureau 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey microdata. 2. Not the percentage of trucks with a hazmat placard. 3. Includes straight trucks with trailers 4. Less than 0.001%, or one in ten thousand. 5. Insufficient information in survey. 6. Includes: dump; low boy; automobile carrier; trailer-mounted equipment; beverage; livestock; mobile home toter; pole, logging, pulpwood, or pipe; trash, garbage, or recycling; concrete mixer or pumper; crane; tow/wrecker; tractor only; and other truck and truck body configurations not classified elsewhere.

H-4 Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies Table H.3. 2002 VIUS data for percentage of placarded U.S. truck miles, by type, for Class 5 and Class 6 placards.1 Percent of U.S. Miles Driven by Trucks in Sample while Requiring DOT Placard2 Class 5 Class 6 Truck/Trailer Type Truck Configuration Div. 5.1 Div. 5.2 Div. 6.1 Inh. Haz. Div.6.1 Poison Straight **4 ** ** 0.01% Tractor-Trailer3 0.2% 0.004% 0.4% 0.3% Multi-Trailer 0.3% ** ** ** Liquid/gas tank Total 0.2% 0.004% 0.4% 0.3% Straight ** 0.006% 0.006% 0.02% Tractor-Trailer --5 -- -- -- Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Vacuum Total ** 0.006% 0.006% 0.02% Straight 0.08% ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer 0.008% ** 0.009% 0.008% Multi-Trailer 1.2% ** ** ** Dry bulk tank Total 0.2% ** 0.008% 0.007% Straight 0.2% 0.02% 0.04% 0.2% Tractor-Trailer 0.7% 0.3% 0.08% 0.3% Multi-Trailer 0.7% 0.2% 0.03% 0.2% Van–basic enclosed, drop frame, step, walk-in, multistop, open top, other; Curtainside Total 0.7% 0.2% 0.07% 0.3% Straight ** ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer 0.2% 0.1% 0.09% 0.03% Multi-Trailer 0.9% ** ** ** Van–refrigerated Total 0.2% 0.09% 0.08% 0.03% Straight 0.007% ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer ** ** ** ** Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Service–utility or other Total 0.007% ** ** ** Straight 0.2% ** 0.04% 0.02% Tractor-Trailer 0.09% 0.02% 0.02% 0.07% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Flatbed, stake, platform, etc. Total 0.1% 0.02% 0.02% 0.06% Straight ** ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer 0.1% ** ** ** Multi-Trailer 0.2% ** ** ** Other 6 Total 0.07% ** ** ** Straight 0.07% 0.005% 0.02% 0.07% Tractor-Trailer 0.5% 0.2% 0.09% 0.2% Multi-Trailer 0.6% 0.2% 0.03% 0.1% Total Total 0.5% 0.2% 0.07% 0.2% 1. Percentages were calculated by TTI using U.S. Census Bureau 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey microdata. 2. Not the percentage of trucks with a hazmat placard. 3. Includes straight trucks with trailers 4. Less than 0.001%, or one in ten thousand. 5. Insufficient information in survey. 6. Includes: dump; low boy; automobile carrier; trailer-mounted equipment; beverage; livestock; mobile home toter; pole, logging, pulpwood, or pipe; trash, garbage, or recycling; concrete mixer or pumper; crane; tow/wrecker; tractor only; and other truck and truck body configurations not classified elsewhere.

2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data H-5 Table H.4. 2002 VIUS data for percentage of placarded U.S. truck miles by type for Class 9 and Class 4 Placards.1 Percent of U.S. Miles Driven by Trucks in Sample while Requiring DOT Placard2 Class 4 Truck/Trailer Type Truck Configuration Class 9 Div. 4.1 Div. 4.2 Div.4.3 Straight 0.07% 0.002% 0.004% **4 Tractor-Trailer3 1.6% 0.9% 0.2% 0.005% Multi-Trailer 4.6% ** ** ** Liquid/gas tank Total 1.6% 0.8% 0.2% 0.005% Straight 0.2% ** 0.006% ** Tractor-Trailer --5 -- -- -- Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Vacuum Total 0.2% ** 0.006% ** Straight ** ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer 0.09% 0.02% ** ** Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Dry bulk tank Total 0.07% 0.02% ** ** Straight 0.09% 0.04% 0.006% 0.05% Tractor-Trailer 0.5% 0.5% 0.08% 0.07% Multi-Trailer 0.2% 0.2% 0.04% 0.08% Van–basic enclosed, drop frame, step, walk-in, multistop, open top, other; Curtainside Total 0.4% 0.4% 0.07% 0.07% Straight ** ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer 0.2% 0.2% ** 0.03% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Van–refrigerated Total 0.2% 0.1% ** 0.03% Straight 0.1% ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer ** ** ** ** Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Service–utility or other Total 0.1% ** ** ** Straight 0.03% ** ** 0.2% Tractor-Trailer 0.04% 0.06% 0.05% 0.05% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Flatbed, stake, platform, etc. Total 0.04% 0.05% 0.04% 0.07% Straight 0.02% ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer 0.3% ** ** 0.02% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Other6 Total 0.2% ** ** 0.01% Straight 0.05%% 0.02% 0.003% 0.04% Tractor-Trailer 0.5% 0.4% 0.07% 0.05% Multi-Trailer 0.2% 0.2% 0.03% 0.06% Total Total 0.4% 0.3% 0.06% 0.05% 1. Percentages were calculated by TTI using U.S. Census Bureau 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey microdata. 2. Not the percentage of trucks with a hazmat placard. 3. Includes straight trucks with trailers 4. Less than 0.001%, or one in ten thousand. 5. Insufficient information in survey. 6. Includes: dump; low boy; automobile carrier; trailer-mounted equipment; beverage; livestock; mobile home toter; pole, logging, pulpwood, or pipe; trash, garbage, or recycling; concrete mixer or pumper; crane; tow/wrecker; tractor only; and other truck and truck body configurations not classified elsewhere.

H-6 Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies Table H.5. 2002 VIUS data for percentage of placarded U.S. truck miles by type for Class 1, Divisions 1.1 through 1.4 placards.1 Percent of U.S. Miles Driven by Trucks in Sample while Requiring DOT Placard2 Class 1 Truck/Trailer Type Truck Configuration Div. 1.1 Div. 1.2 Div. 1.3 Div. 1.4 Straight 0.008% **4 ** 0.008% Tractor-Trailer3 0.05% ** ** 0.002% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Liquid/gas tank Total 0.04% ** ** 0.002% Straight ** ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer --5 -- -- -- Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Vacuum Total ** ** ** ** Straight ** ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer ** 0.02% ** ** Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Dry bulk tank Total ** 0.02% ** ** Straight 0.01% ** ** 0.006% Tractor-Trailer 0.2% 0.2% 0.06% 0.3% Multi-Trailer 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.05% Van–basic enclosed, drop frame, step, walk-in, multistop, open top, other; Curtainside Total 0.2% 0.2% 0.05% 0.3% Straight ** ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer ** ** ** ** Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Van–refrigerated Total ** ** ** ** Straight ** ** ** 0.2% Tractor-Trailer ** ** ** ** Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Service–utility or other Total ** ** ** 0.2% Straight 0.07% ** ** 0.07% Tractor-Trailer 0.3% 0.05% 0.04% 0.006% Multi-Trailer 0.009% ** ** ** Flatbed, stake, platform, etc. Total 0.2% 0.04% 0.03% 0.02% Straight ** ** ** ** Tractor-Trailer ** ** ** 0.004% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Other6 Total ** ** ** 0.003% Straight 0.02% ** ** 0.02% Tractor-Trailer 0.1% 0.2% 0.04% 0.2% Multi-Trailer 0.009% 0.02% 0.02% 0.04% Total Total 0.08% 0.09% 0.04% 0.2% 1. Percentages were calculated by TTI using U.S. Census Bureau 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey microdata. 2. Not the percentage of trucks with a hazmat placard. 3. Includes straight trucks with trailers 4. Less than 0.001%, or one in ten thousand. 5. Insufficient information in survey. 6. Includes: dump; low boy; automobile carrier; trailer-mounted equipment; beverage; livestock; mobile home toter; pole, logging, pulpwood, or pipe; trash, garbage, or recycling; concrete mixer or pumper; crane; tow/wrecker; tractor only; and other truck and truck body configurations not classified elsewhere.

2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey Data H-7 Table H.6. 2002 VIUS data for percentage of placarded U.S. truck miles by type for Class 1, Divisions 1.5 and 1.6, Class 7, and hazmat-not- classified placards.1 Percent of U.S. Miles Driven by Trucks in Sample while Requiring DOT Placard 2 Class 1 Truck/Trailer Type Truck Configuration Div. 1.5 Div. 1.6 Class 7 HazMat Not Classified Straight 0.01% ** 4 ** 2.6% Tractor-Trailer 3 0.6% ** 0.08% 0.09% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** 0.2% Liquid/gas tank Total 0.6% ** 0.08% 0.4% Straight ** ** ** 1.0% Tractor-Trailer -- 5 -- -- -- Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Vacuum Total ** ** ** 0.9% Straight 0.3% ** ** 0.002% Tractor-Trailer ** ** ** ** Multi-Trailer ** ** ** 0.04% Dry bulk tank Total 0.006% ** ** 0.005% Straight 0.005% 0.001% 0.007% 0.02% Tractor-Trailer 0.2% 0.2% 0.06% 0.3% Multi-Trailer 0.04% 0.04% 0.02% 0.6% Van–basic enclosed, drop frame, step, walk-in, multistop, open top, other; Curtainside Total 0.1% 0.1% 0.05% 0.6% Straight ** ** ** 0.002% Tractor-Trailer ** ** ** 0.03% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** 0.2% Van–refrigerated Total ** ** ** 0.03% Straight ** ** 0.2% 0.006% Tractor-Trailer ** ** ** ** Multi-Trailer -- -- -- -- Service–utility or other Total ** ** 0.2% 0.006% Straight ** ** ** 0.4% Tractor-Trailer 0.005% 0.005% 0.08% 0.02% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** 0.5% Flatbed, stake, platform, etc. Total 0.004% 0.004% 0.07% 0.08% Straight ** ** ** 0.08% Tractor-Trailer ** ** 0.002% 0.04% Multi-Trailer ** ** ** ** Other 6 Total ** ** 0.002% 0.05% Straight 0.003% ** 0.009% 0.3% Tractor-Trailer 0.2% 0.07% 0.05% 0.2% Multi-Trailer 0.03% 0.04% 0.02% 2.4% Total Total 0.09% 0.06% 0.04% 0.4% 1. Percentages were calculated by TTI using U.S. Census Bureau 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey microdata. 2. Not the percentage of trucks with a hazmat placard. 3. Includes straight trucks with trailers 4. Less than 0.001%, or one in ten thousand. 5. Insufficient information in survey. 6. Includes: dump; low boy; automobile carrier; trailer-mounted equipment; beverage; livestock; mobile home toter; pole, logging, pulpwood, or pipe; trash, garbage, or recycling; concrete mixer or pumper; crane; tow/wrecker; tractor only; and other truck and truck body configurations not classified elsewhere.

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TRB’s Hazardous Materials Cooperative Research Program (HMCRP) Report 3: Guidebook for Conducting Local Hazardous Materials Commodity Flow Studies is designed to support risk assessment, emergency response preparedness, resource allocation, and analyses of hazardous commodity flows across jurisdictions.

The guidebook updates the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Guidance for Conducting Hazardous Materials Flow Surveys. All modes of transportation, all classes and divisions of hazardous materials, and the effects of seasonality on hazardous materials movements are discussed in the guidebook.

The contractor’s final report and appendices (unedited by TRB), which documents the research supporting the development of the guidebook, are available online.

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