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OCR for page 47
47
DEFINITIONS
Asphalt binder: An asphalt-based cement that is produced along with one or more inches of the underlying base or
from petroleum residue either with or without the addi- subgrade. The pulverized material is mixed with or with-
tion of modifiers (ASTM D6648-01). out additional binders, additives, or water, and then
placed, graded, and compacted to provide an improved
Bituminous emulsion: A suspension of minute globules of
base layer before placement of the final surface layers.
bituminous material in water or in an aqueous solution.
Hot in-place recycling (HIR): A process that preheats the
Cold in-place expanded asphalt mix (CIREAM): A CIR
existing surface immediately before milling, mixing the
process that uses expanded (foamed) asphalt cement
RAP with asphalt binders, recycling agents, new aggre-
instead of emulsion as the binder.
gates, or other additives to improve the properties of the
Cold in-place recycling (CIR): A process that uses cold RAP, then placing and compacting the new mix in one
milling of the surface and remixing with the addition of continuous operation.
asphalt emulsion, portland cement, foamed asphalt, or
Milling: Fine particles (generally ranging in size from dust
other additives to improve the properties of the reclaimed
to less than 1 in.) of bitumen and inorganic material that
asphalt pavement (RAP), followed by placing and com-
are produced by the mechanical grinding of bituminous
pacting the new mix in one continuous operation.
concrete surfaces (New Jersey Department of Environ-
Emulsified recycling agent: A suspension of minute glob- mental Protection 2010).
ules of bituminous material in water or in an aqueous
Pulverization: Mechanized process that transforms the
solution where the bituminous material is a blend of
existing flexible pavement surface layer and a portion of
hydrocarbons with or without minor amounts of other
the underlying granular layer into a uniform granular
materials that are used to alter or improve the properties
material suitable for use as a base layer (Caltrans 2008).
of the aged asphalt in a recycled asphalt paving mixture.
Recycling agent (RA): A blend of hydrocarbons with or
Expanded asphalt (EA): See foamed asphalt.
without minor amounts of other materials that is used to
Foamed asphalt: Produced by a process in which water is alter or improve the properties of the aged asphalt in recy-
injected into the hot asphalt, resulting in spontaneous cled asphalt.
foaming. Also called expanded asphalt (Muthen 1998).
Rejuvenator: An additive used in the recycling of reclaimed
Full-depth reclamation (FDR): A pavement rehabilitation asphalt pavement.
process that pulverizes an existing asphalt pavement
