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37
1. Airport arrival earliness distributions, reflecting the per- 5. Applicable airport processing times so that as passengers
cent of passengers who check in within a distribution of queue for service, the product of the service time and the
minutes before a departing flight. The earliness distribu- total number of processors determines the processing
tion often varies based on time of flight departure and type throughput of the area. The number of passengers who ar-
of departure (domestic versus international). rive in excess of the throughput of the area will determine
2. First point of airport contact for check-in, the first place the peak occupancy of the queue area.
that passengers contact air carrier personnel to obtain 6. Travel party size, representing the number of passengers that
travel documents or to check bags. Passengers may not remain together while everyone in their group is processed.
need to contact any airline personnel until they reach the 7. Number of checked bags per passenger or travel party,
gate because they obtained a boarding pass via web check- representing the additional demand for space created by
in or a remote baggage check-in location or they used a the checked bags in terminal areas where the passengers
personal wireless device to display their boarding docu- are in possession of their checked baggage; consideration
ments (and they have no baggage to check). But passen- should also be given to convenient ways to handle over-
gers may contact the airline at curbside to check their sized baggage, the percentage of passengers that use bag-
gage carts, and so forth.
baggage and obtain boarding passes, at a self-service ma-
8. Mode of transportation to/from the airport, which in some
chine (and associated bag drop location) to obtain travel
cases will determine which entrance, exit, or route through
documents and possibly check baggage, or at a staffed
the terminal that the passengers or their greeters may use.
check-in counter to obtain assistance from an airline
This information is useful in determining maximum peak
ticket agent.
occupancy of certain meeting areas.
3. Aircraft seat factor (sometimes termed "load factor") to 9. Number of visitors who accompany the passenger while in
account for the number of seats occupied as opposed to the terminal. The planner/designer needs to accommo-
the total number of seats available. date this additional occupancy as appropriate.
4. Percentage of passengers originating their travel or termi-
nating their travel at the airport [origin and destination
(O&D) factor]. These are the only outbound passengers
Passenger Space Allocations
that will use the curbside roadway, the check-in lobby, and Table 40 summarizes the space allocation guidelines and
the security screening checkpoint, and the only inbound other important considerations for each terminal processing
passengers that will use the domestic baggage claim. Stated area. In applying these guidelines, remember that the space
another way, these are the only passengers who will access allocation applies only to the passenger queuing areas. Addi-
the non-secure side of the airport terminal. The other tional space must be allocated for circulation to/from the
passengers--connecting passengers--will only use the area, and space must be set aside for special processing that
areas on the secure side of the airport terminal. may occur within the area.
Table 40. Passenger space allocation guidelines for processing areas.
IATA Application Space Important Considerations
Name of Area Allocation
Check-in area Curbside check-in, Varies by bag cart Do passengers' visitors wait with them in queu e? If a
check-in hall, FIS use and bags per uni-queue is used to organize the passenger waiting
recheck passenger: area, does the width of the queue require that the
overall standard be increased to provide adequate
12.9 sq ft per pax length of space to accommodate the travel party,
few carts, few their baggage, and baggage cart?
bags
Remember, this standard is used to generate
14.0 sq ft per pax passenger waiting area only. Additional area needs to
few carts, 1-2 be allocated for circulation to/fro m the queue exit to
bags per pax the face of the check-in counter.
18.3 sq ft per pax
high % of carts
21.5 sq ft per pax
high % of carts,
2+ bags per pax
(continued on next page)
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IATA Application Space Important Considerations
Name of Area Allocation
Wait/ Meeter/greeter halls, Varies by type of Be sure to account for visitor earliness; it may be
circulate corridors area: helpful to consult Fruin's corridor or walkway LOS
guidelines as well. Use of large mechanized carts or
16.1 sq ft = moving sidewalks to transport passengers will
airside, no carts require special planning considerations.
19.4 sq ft = public
after check-in,
few carts
24.8 sq ft =
departure before
check-in, carts
Holdroom Gate lounges or any 65% of capacity This standard needs to be reviewed relative to the
seated waiting area or less is LOS C size of seats, the width of aisles between the seats,
and the mix of passengers seated and standing in the
Capacity holdroom. Additionally, area must be provided over
measured by: and above the seating/waiting area for the gate agent
18.3 sq ft per counter, any boarding pass reader, and any specially
seated pax organized area for the boarding bridge queue or the
deplaning aisle. It is also important to consider any
12.9 sq ft per airline-specific strategic space allocation to
standing pax passenger amenities.
Baggage claim Domestic or 18.3 sq ft per pax The space allocation must also take into
(exclusive of international based on 40% cart consideration the ability of passengers to reach the
device) baggage claims use. claim area in time to pick up their baggage. That
means that the maximum depth of queuing around
For some the device must not exceed 11.5 ft (per IATA);
domestic claims, consideration must also be given to the number of
it may be baggage carts used by passengers. This standard
appropriate to assumes that 40% of passengers use a baggage cart.
modify this to The assumption may need to be adjusted to represent
14.0 sq ft to local conditions.
represent minimal
cart use.
Government FIS primary 10.8 sq ft This standard is good for areas within the
inspection inspection, government inspection facility where passengers do
outbound security not have their checked baggage with them. Customs
inspection secondary inspection areas or exit control lanes
should use a larger space allocation (e.g., 17.2 sq ft).
Source: IATA Airport Development Reference Manual (1) and Pedestrian Planning and Design, Fruin (2)
Note: pax = passenger
