Handbook for Considering Practical Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies for Airports (2011)

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B-i A P P E N D I X B AirportGEAR User’s Manual

B-ii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. ..... B-1 SECTION 1: System Requirements ........................................................................................... B-2 SECTION 2: System Prerequisites and Dependencies ............................................................ B-3 SECTION 3: Installation Guide ................................................................................................ B-4 3.1 Install Adobe Reader Prerequisite ....................................................................... B-4 3.2 Install AirportGEAR ............................................................................................. B-5 3.3 Troubleshooting ................................................................................................... B-8 SECTION 4: Quick Start Guide ................................................................................................ B-9 SECTION 5: AirportGEAR Features ........................................................................................ B-10 5.1 GETTING STARTED ............................................................................................ B-11 Screenshot of GETTING STARTED ..................................................................... B-11 Purpose of GETTING STARTED ......................................................................... B-12 How GETTING STARTED Works ...................................................................... B-12 AirportGEAR’s Features ........................................................................................ B-13 What Type of User are You? ................................................................................ B-14 Quick Start Guide ................................................................................................... B-21 The Information Panel .......................................................................................... B-21 125 Reduction Strategies ....................................................................................... B-21 The Evaluation Criteria ........................................................................................ B-24 Background on the Evaluation Criteria ........................................................... B-24 AirportGEAR Companion Handbook ............................................................... B-26 Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 Emission Categories ....................................... B-26 Recommended Uses of GETTING STARTED ........................................................... B-27 Background on the 125 Emission Reduction Strategies............................... B-22

B-iii TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) 5.2 EXPLORE ........................................................................................................... B-28 Screenshots of EXPLORE .............................................................................................. B-28 Purpose of EXPLORE ..................................................................................................... B-30 How EXPLORE Works ................................................................................................... B-30 LIST ............................................................................................................................ B-31 SEARCH ................................................................................................................... B-32 LIBRARY ................................................................................................................... B-33 Recommended Uses of EXPLORE ............................................................................... B-35 5.3 PRIORITIZE ....................................................................................................... B-36 Screenshots of PRIORITIZE .............................................................................. B-36 Purpose of PRIORITIZE .................................................................................................. B-37 How PRIORITIZE Works................................................................................... B-38 Basic Prioritization ................................................................................................ B-38 Pairwise Prioritization .......................................................................................... B-38 Recommended Uses of PRIORITIZE ........................................................................... B-40 5.4 AIRPORT INFO .................................................................................................. B-40 Screenshot of AIRPORT INFO . ................................................................................... B-40 Purpose of AIRPORT INFO ........................................................................................... B-41 How AIRPORT INFO Works ......................................................................................... B-41 Recommended Uses of AIRPORT INFO ................................................................... B-43

B-iv TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) 5.5 PLAN .................................................................................................................. B-43 Screenshot of PLAN ........................................................................................... B-43 Purpose of PLAN ................................................................................................ B-44 How PLAN Works.............................................................................................. B-44 Create Plans ............................................................................................................. B-44 View and Print Reports ........................................................................................ B-45 Export Report Data…………………………………………………………………………….…B-46 Recommended Uses of PLAN ...................................................................................... B-47 5.6 INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS ......................................................................... B-48 Screenshots of INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS ....................................................... B-48 Purpose of INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS............................................................... B-49 How INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS Works..................................................... B-50 INVENTORY ........................................................................................................... B-50 REDUCTIONS ........................................................................................................ B-50 MATH EXPRESSIONS .......................................................................................... B-53 Recommended Uses of INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS ....................................... B-56 ADDENDUM 1: List of 125 Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies ......................... B-57 ADDENDUM 2: Evaluation Criteria ........................................................................................ B-62 ADDENDUM 3: Examples of Reports Generated from the PLAN Feature…….............……..…B-66

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this document is to describe the system requirements, prerequisites and dependencies, installation steps, and user’s guide for AirportGEAR’s features (Airport Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment and Reduction). AirportGEAR is designed to help airport operators select practical and cost-effective strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for facilities and projects. You can enter custom information into AirportGEAR to determine which strategies are most applicable to your airport and to develop written plans for reducing your emissions. You can also calculate potential reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and see how they will impact your greenhouse gas inventory. The ultimate goal of AirportGEAR is to create a written report, or series of reports, that summarizes the greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies that were selected for an airport using the evaluation techniques included in the tool. The written report(s) also include relevant technical information about each strategy, such as cost, emission reduction potential and impacts to a baseline greenhouse gas inventory. The report(s) are intended to facilitate discussions about greenhouse gas emission mitigation and to assist in decision-making activities related to greenhouse gas emission reduction at specific facilities or for specific projects. This User’s Manual includes the following information: • Section 1 presents system requirements. • Section 2 presents system prerequisites and dependencies. • Section 3 presents a step-by-step installation guide. • Section 4 presents a two-page Quick Start Guide for using AirportGEAR. • Section 5 presents a detailed user’s guide to AirportGEAR’s features, including the purpose of each feature, how each feature works, and recommended uses of each feature. B-1

B-2 SECTION 1: System Requirements AirportGEAR is a stand-alone, desktop application written for the Windows XP operating system SP2 or later (Windows Vista, Windows 7). AirportGEAR is built on Microsoft’s .NET 3.5 Framework which is included in the application installation package. Key System Requirements are described below. Supported Operating Systems • Windows 7 • Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 2 • Windows Server 2008 • Windows Vista Service Pack 1 • Windows XP Service Pack 2 Supported Architectures • x86 • x64 Hardware Requirements • Recommended Minimum: Pentium 1 GHz or higher with 512 MB RAM or more • Minimum disk space: x86 – 600 MB x64 – 1.5 GB

B-3 SECTION 2: System Prerequisites and Dependencies AirportGEAR includes several key prerequisites and dependencies. • Windows Installer 3.1 or later • Adobe (Acrobat) Reader version 9.0 – The AirportGEAR tool makes use of Adobe’s PDF Reader control. Prior to running the AirportGEAR setup, users should verify the presence of Adobe Reader 9.0 or later. Users can obtain a free version from Adobe (http://get.adobe.com/reader/). Alternatively, a copy of the Adobe Reader installation file is included with the installation files. • Microsoft’s .NET 3.5 Framework (Client Profile) – The application was developed using the .NET 3.5 Framework. If the installation machine does not already have the .NET 3.5 Framework, AirportGEAR will install the minimum required “Client Profile” framework, a subset of the full .NET Framework. Installation of the .NET 3.5 Framework requires a mid-installation reboot on some machines. • Microsoft ReportViewer 2008 – The application employs the Microsoft ReportViewer component to render Plan Reports. If the installation machine does not already have the Microsoft ReportViewer component, AirportGEAR will install the ReportViewer. No separate reboot is required to proceed.

B-4 SECTION 3: Installation Guide The following steps detail the installation process. 3.1 Install Adobe Reader Prerequisite AirportGEAR requires Adobe Reader 9.0 or later. Prior to running the AirportGEAR setup, users should verify the presence of Adobe Reader 9.0 or later. Users can obtain a free version from Adobe (http://get.adobe.com/reader/). Alternatively, a copy of the Adobe Reader installation file is included with the installation files. The installation files include Adobe Reader which can be launched from the installation file AdbeRdr934_en_US.exe. Accept the default settings to install Adobe Reader. Below are screen shots presenting the installation process.

AirportGEAR User’s Manual 3.2 Install AirportGEAR After verifying or installing the Adobe Reader prerequisites, you’re ready to run the AirportGEAR setup installation file. Setup will check for AirportGEAR dependencies, which include the .NET 3.5 Framework (Client Profile) and the Microsoft ReportViewer (Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 Report Viewer). Depending on your system this may involve installation of AirportGEAR alone, or AirportGEAR in combination with one or both of the dependencies. Follow the steps below to install AirportGEAR. Screen shots of the installation process are also presented. 1. To begin the installation, run SETUP.EXE. 2. Setup will first determine whether the necessary version of the .NET Framework is present, installing it, if necessary. This installation can be time-consuming, ranging from 5 to 20+ minutes, depending on the system. Installation of the .NET Framework requires a reboot to complete. 3. Setup will next determine whether the necessary version of the Microsoft ReportViewer component is present, installing it, if necessary. 4. Finally, AirportGEAR will install the application and content. This step should take less than a minute to complete. B-5

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AirportGEAR User’s Manual Upon completion, AirportGEAR will install a startup icon on the desktop and launch itself. This may take a few moments to complete. A successful installation should result in the image below. 3.3 Troubleshooting If AirportGEAR does not work correctly after following the preceding steps, the user may consider uninstalling Adobe Reader and AirportGEAR, even if Adobe Reader was installed on the computer prior to the initial AirportGEAR installation. After uninstalling these two programs, re-install them by following the instructions in Sections 3.1 and 3.2. B-8

SECTION 4: Quick Start Guide This Quick Start Guide provides the critical information for using AirportGEAR. Detailed information for each feature is presented in Section 5 of the User’s Manual. • The foundation of AirportGEAR is the technical information for the greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies that is presented in the Fact Sheets. The features of AirportGEAR allow you to easily access this information in a meaningful way in order to facilitate evaluation and selection of the strategies. • The EXPLORE feature is the heart of AirportGEAR. In EXPLORE, you can browse, sort, filter and search the technical information for the reduction strategies to narrow down the list of 125 strategies to a more manageable subset that are customized to your needs. • The PLAN feature is where you organize the strategies that you select for a facility or project. Create a plan in the PLAN feature and add strategies to it from the LIST tab in EXPLORE. You must create a plan and add strategies to it in order to generate a written report. The strategies in the LIST tab of EXPLORE are not automatically added to the active plan; you must click the “ADD” button next to each strategy name to add them to a plan and generate a written report. • While you can create multiple plans, you can only work on one plan at a time (i.e., the “active” plan). The “active” plan and other relevant information are displayed in the Information Panel that is shown in every feature of AirportGEAR. • The AIRPORT INFO feature is used to screen out strategies that are not applicable to your airport. Depending on the airport’s characteristics, certain strategies are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. • The PRIORITIZE feature is used to change the numerical scores that are calculated by AirportGEAR for each strategy based on the rating values for the evaluation criteria. In PRIORITIZE, you can designate “weights” or importance factors to each evaluation criteria and AirportGEAR recalculates the numerical score. The scores are presented in the LIST tab of EXPLORE. You can click on the header entitled “Total Score” in the LIST tab to sort the strategies by score; the strategies with the highest scores are the most desirable. • You do not have to use every feature of AirportGEAR to find value in the tool. Different features will be used in different ways depending on your goals. Refer to the section entitled “What Type of User are You?” in the User’s Manual and the Help function for guidance on using AirportGEAR’s features to achieve your goals. B-9

SECTION 5: AirportGEAR Features This section includes d feature, the following etailed information on AirportGEAR’s feature. information is provided: Screenshot(s) of the Feature Purpose of the Feature How the Feature Works Recommended Uses of the Feature For each B-10

5.1 GETTING STARTED Screenshot of GETTING STARTED AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-11

Purpose of GETTING STARTED The purpose of GETTING STARTED is threefold: 1. Provide information on how to use AirportGEAR 2. Provide background on the reduction strategies 3. Provide information on greenhouse gas emission reduction in general How GETTING STARTED Works GETTING STARTED provides links to important information regarding how to use AirportGEAR, how the technical information in AirportGEAR was developed, and greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies in general. You can roll your mouse over the features and the arrows between the features in the diagram in GETTING STARTED to learn more about their purpose and how they relate to each other. You can also click on the links to other important information to gain background knowledge on using AirportGEAR to evaluate and select greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies for your airport. The information provided in GETTING STARTED, and in this section of the User’s Manual, includes: • AirportGEAR’s Features • Quick Start Guide • What Type of User are You? • The Information Panel • 125 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategies • Background on the 125 Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies • Evaluation Criteria • Background on the Evaluation Criteria • AirportGEAR Companion Handbook • Scope 1, 2 and 3 Emission Categories AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-12

The links in GETTING STARTED for the Quick Start Guide, the 125 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategies, Evaluation Criteria, and AirportGEAR Companion Handbook redirect you to the LIBRARY tab in EXPLORE because these documents are stored in the LIBRARY. To get back to the GETTING STARTED page from the LIBRARY, click on the GETTING STARTED tab at the top of AirportGEAR. The other links open up a new Help window. AirportGEAR’s FEATURES AirportGEAR uses six features to assist airport operators in analyzing and selecting greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies for facilities or projects, as presented in Figure 1 and the detailed descriptions below. The colored tabs at the top of AirportGEAR are used to navigate through AirportGEAR’s features. This User’s Manual, the Help function, and the Information Panel are also provided to assist you in navigating and using AirportGEAR’s features. Figure 1. AirportGEAR’s features AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-13

AirportGEAR User’s Manual AirportGEAR’s features include: 1. GETTING STARTED: Read through background information about the reduction strategies and how to use AirportGEAR to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 2. EXPLORE: Browse, sort, filter, and search the 125 reduction strategies or access the LIBRARY of documents that contain background information. From EXPLORE, the user can also select strategies for a facility or project and add them to a plan in the PLAN feature. 3. PRIORITIZE: Rank the evaluation criteria (e.g., cost) to prioritize the reduction strategies according to your needs and preferences. Your custom prioritization of the evaluation criteria changes the numerical score calculated by AirportGEAR for each strategy, thus allowing you to see which strategies are most applicable to your facility or project (i.e., the strategies with the highest numerical scores are the most desirable). The numerical scores are presented in the LIST tab in EXPLORE. 4. AIRPORT INFO: Enter airport-specific information to determine which strategies are most applicable to your facility or project. The custom information entered by the user is used to eliminate strategies that are not applicable to your airport. The strategies are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. 5. PLAN: Group strategies for a specific facility or project and store your choices in written reports. 6. INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS: Estimate potential emission reductions for each of the selected strategies and see how those reductions impact your greenhouse gas inventory. The comparison of your greenhouse gas inventory before and after implementation of the selected strategies is presented in the written reports that are organized in PLAN. WHAT TYPE OF USER ARE YOU? The features of AirportGEAR are designed to assist airport operators in reducing greenhouse gas emissions whether they are in the initial stages of learning about greenhouse gas mitigation or already have greenhouse gas emission reduction activities underway. Airport operators at different levels of progress in their greenhouse gas mitigation will find different AirportGEAR features more useful depending on their current and planned B-14

AirportGEAR User’s Manual activities and objectives. Examples of using AirportGEAR based on different types of users are described below. 1. I’m Curious About Greenhouse Gas Mitigation 2. I’m Starting to Plan for Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions 3. I’m Interested in Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies for a Particular Project 4. I’m Interested in Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies for a Particular Operation 5. I’m Interested in Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies that Give the “Best Bang for the Buck” 6. I’m Ready to Fund Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Activities 7. I Have to Meet a Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Target 8. I’m Developing or Updating a Climate Action Plan 1. I’m Curious About Greenhouse Gas Mitigation An airport operator that is curious about greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies but does not plan to actively pursue mitigation initiatives will likely find the most use in the EXPLORE feature, where the complete list of 125 greenhouse gas reduction strategies can be browsed, sorted and filtered. Key references are also included in the LIBRARY tab of the EXPLORE feature that offer background information on greenhouse gas reduction in general. The GETTING STARTED feature also includes information on how to use AirportGEAR that may be useful. 2. I’m Starting to Plan for Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions An airport operator that is in the beginning stages of planning for greenhouse gas emission reductions for a facility or a project and is tasked with developing a list of potential reduction strategies will likely find the most use in the EXPLORE feature. Using EXPLORE, the airport operator can determine which of the 125 reduction strategies warrant further discussion and exploration. Users can create a plan in the PLAN feature, add strategies they are interested in to the plan from the LIST tab in EXPLORE, and print the “Summary Report” and the “Fact Sheet B-15

AirportGEAR User’s Manual Package” from PLAN to facilitate discussions. The Fact Sheets, also located in the LIBRARY tab of EXPLORE, can support subsequent discussions. 3. I’m Interested in Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies for a Particular Project An airport operator that would like to integrate greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies into a specific project will likely find the most use in the EXPLORE feature. Using the SEARCH tab in EXPLORE, the airport operator can use the check boxes at the bottom to select a Project Type(s) (planning, design and/or construction) and a Functional Area(s) of the airport (e.g., buildings, pavement, rental cars, baggage, signage, parking, etc.). Following, the user can click on the “Show Results” button at the top to view the list of strategies that are applicable to that Project Type and Functional Area(s). Following, users can create a plan in the PLAN feature, add strategies they are interested in to the active plan from the LIST tab in EXPLORE by clicking the “ADD” button, and print the “Summary Report” and the “Fact Sheet Package” from PLAN to facilitate discussions and decision-making activities. 4. I’m Interested in Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies for a Particular Operation An airport operator that would like to integrate greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies into a specific operation will likely find the most use in the EXPLORE feature. Using the SEARCH tab in EXPLORE, the airport operator can use the check boxes at the bottom to select an Operation(s) (airside operations, landside operations or administrative) and a Functional Area(s) of the airport (e.g., buildings, pavement, rental cars, baggage, signage, parking, etc.). Following, the user can click on the “Show Results” button at the top to view the list of strategies that are applicable to that Operation and Functional Area(s). Following, users can create a plan in the PLAN feature, add strategies they are interested in to the active plan from the LIST tab in EXPLORE by clicking the “ADD” button, and print the “Summary Report” and the “Fact Sheet Package” from PLAN to facilitate discussions and decision-making activities. B-16

AirportGEAR User’s Manual 5. I’m Interested in Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategies that Give the “Best Bang for the Buck” An airport operator that is tasked with reducing greenhouse gas emissions and has limited resources will likely find the most use in the AIRPORT INFO, PRIORITIZE, EXPLORE and PLAN features: • In the AIRPORT INFO feature, the user can enter airport-specific information to eliminate strategies that are not applicable to that facility. The strategies are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. • The user can go to the SEARCH tab in EXPLORE and set the sliders to show the least expensive strategies (e.g., one or two $ icons) and the greatest greenhouse gas benefits (e.g., two or three smoke stacks for Scopes 1 & 2 and Scope 3). After, click on the button entitled “Show Resulting Strategies” to present the list of strategies that match those criteria. This method can be used with or without user- defined inputs in PRIORITIZE and AIRPORT INFO. • In the PRIORITIZE feature, the user can “weight” the evaluation criteria related to cost (i.e., estimated capital cost, estimated operation and maintenance costs, and estimated payback period) and greenhouse gas reduction potential higher than the other evaluation criteria. The weighting will be reflected in the numerical score that is calculated by AirportGEAR for each strategy. The numerical score is presented in the LIST tab in EXPLORE. • After prioritization of the evaluation criteria, the user can go to the LIST tab in EXPLORE and sort the strategies to show those with the lowest costs or the highest numerical score by clicking on the header names (e.g., click on “Total Score” to sort the strategies by ascending or descending score values). Strategies with the highest scores are the most desirable. • In PLAN, users can create a plan to organize the strategies they are interested in. From the LIST tab in EXPLORE, the user can select the strategies that fit the airport’s operating conditions and resources and add them to the active plan by clicking the “ADD” button. Following, users can print the “Summary Report” and the “Fact Sheet Package” from PLAN to facilitate discussions and decision-making activities. B-17

AirportGEAR User’s Manual 6. I’m Ready to Fund Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Activities An airport operator that is ready to select greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies for consideration for funding and implementation will likely find the most use in AIRPORT INFO, PRIORITIZE, EXPLORE and PLAN: • In the AIRPORT INFO feature, the user can enter airport-specific information to eliminate strategies that are not applicable to that facility. The strategies are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. • In the PRIORITIZE feature, the user can “weight” the evaluation criteria to reflect custom needs and preferences. The weighting will be reflected in the numerical score that is calculated by AirportGEAR for each strategy and displayed in the LIST tab of EXPLORE. The numerical scores can be used to prioritize the strategies (e.g., the highest scores are the most desirable). Click on “Total Score” header in the LIST tab in EXPLORE to sort the strategies by ascending or descending score values. • EXPLORE allows the user to evaluate and select the strategies that are most appropriate for a facility or project and organize them in a plan. For example, an airport operator may develop a plan focused on energy management and a plan focused on airfield design to support different decision-making activities within the organization. • In PLAN, users can create a plan(s) to organize the strategies they are interested in. From the LIST tab in EXPLORE, the user can select the strategies that fit the airport’s operating conditions and resources and add them to the active plan by clicking the “ADD” button. Following, users can print the “Summary Report” and the “Fact Sheet Package” from PLAN to facilitate discussions and decision-making activities. 7. I Have to Meet a Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Target An airport operator that has made a commitment to a specific greenhouse gas emission reduction target (e.g., 80% reduction compared to 2000 levels) will likely find the most use in the AIRPORT INFO, PRIORITIZE, EXPLORE, INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS, and PLAN features. • In the AIRPORT INFO feature, the user can enter airport-specific information to eliminate strategies that are not applicable to that facility. The strategies are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. B-18

AirportGEAR User’s Manual • In the PRIORITIZE feature, the user can “weight” the evaluation criteria to reflect custom needs and preferences. The weighting will be reflected in the numerical score that is calculated by AirportGEAR for each strategy and displayed in the LIST tab of EXPLORE. The numerical scores can be used to prioritize the strategies (e.g., the highest scores are the most desirable). Click on “Total Score” header in the LIST tab in EXPLORE to sort the strategies by ascending or descending score values. • Using EXPLORE, the user can evaluate and select those strategies that are most appropriate for a facility or project and add them to a plan. Strategies can be added to the active plan by clicking the “ADD” button next to the strategy name in the LIST tab in EXPLORE. • In the INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS feature, the user can enter in the greenhouse gas inventory for the baseline year. The user can also estimate the amount of greenhouse gas emission reduction that may occur by entering specific data regarding implementation of each of the selected strategies. For example, for energy management strategies that reduce electricity use, the user can enter the estimated amount of electricity that will be saved from implementing the strategy and then calculate the equivalent amount of greenhouse gas emissions that will be reduced. • In PLAN, users can create a plan(s) to organize the strategies they are interested in. From the LIST tab in EXPLORE, the user can select the strategies and add them to the active plan by clicking the “ADD” button. Following, users can print the “Detailed Report” and the “Fact Sheet Package” from PLAN to facilitate discussions and decision-making activities. The report will summarize the key information about each of the selected strategies, including the results of the calculations, and compare the baseline greenhouse gas inventory to the inventory that would result after implementation of the selected strategies. This comparison will allow the airport operator to estimate the amount of reduction that can be achieved and gauge whether it will result in meeting the targeted goal. 8. I’m Developing or Updating a Climate Action Plan An airport operator that is developing or updating a Climate Action Plan will likely find the most use in the AIRPORT INFO, PRIORITIZE, EXPLORE, INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS, and PLAN features. B-19

AirportGEAR User’s Manual • In the AIRPORT INFO feature, the user can enter airport-specific information to eliminate strategies that are not applicable to that facility. The strategies are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. • In the PRIORITIZE feature, the user can “weight” the evaluation criteria to reflect custom needs and preferences. The weighting will be reflected in the numerical score that is calculated by AirportGEAR for each strategy and displayed in the LIST tab of EXPLORE. The numerical scores can be used to prioritize the strategies (e.g., the highest scores are the most desirable). Click on “Total Score” header in the LIST tab in EXPLORE to sort the strategies by ascending or descending score values. • Using EXPLORE, the user can evaluate and select those strategies that are most appropriate for a facility or project and add them to a plan. Strategies can be added to the active plan by clicking the “ADD” button next to the strategy name in the LIST tab in EXPLORE. • In the INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS feature, the user can enter in the greenhouse gas inventory for the baseline year. The user can also estimate the amount of greenhouse gas emission reduction that may occur by entering specific data regarding implementation of each of the selected strategies. For example, for energy management strategies that reduce electricity use, the user can enter the estimated amount of electricity that will be saved from implementing the strategy and then calculate the equivalent amount of greenhouse gas emissions that will be reduced. • In PLAN, users can create a plan(s) to organize the strategies they are interested in. From the LIST tab in EXPLORE, the user can select the strategies and add them to the active plan by clicking the “ADD” button. Following, users can print the “Detailed Report” and the “Fact Sheet Package” from PLAN to facilitate discussions and decision-making activities. The report will summarize the key information about each of the selected strategies The plan(s) can be used for discussions and decision-making activities to determine which strategies can be funded and implemented or to report projected greenhouse gas emission reductions in the Climate Action Plan. B-20

AirportGEAR User’s Manual QUICK START GUIDE The Quick Start Guide is intended to provide a one-page summary of the critical information for using AirportGEAR. The Quick Start Guide is included in Section 4 of this User’s Manual. THE INFORMATION PANEL The Information Panel is always displayed on the right side of the screen and provides important information and links. The Information Panel includes: • The “active” plan. While you can create multiple plans in AirportGEAR, you can only work on one plan at a time. For the “active” plan, you can add strategies in EXPLORE, enter inventory data and calculate potential emission reductions in INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS, and print reports in PLAN. • The description of the active plan. • Links to the reports for the active plan. • The airport that is the focus on the active plan. • Emission totals for the active plan (if entered by the user). • Indication of which prioritization scheme is being used (Basic or Pairwise Comparison) and what weights have been entered for the three categories of evaluation criteria (financial considerations, implementation considerations, and potential impacts). • The strategies that have been added to the active plan. • Links to this User’s Manual, the list of reduction strategies and the list of evaluation criteria. • Recently viewed documents. 125 REDUCTION STRATEGIES The list of the 125 greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies is included in Addendum 1 at the end of this User’s Manual. B-21

AirportGEAR User’s Manual BACKGROUND ON THE 125 EMISSION REDUCTION STRATEGIES AirportGEAR includes 125 greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies in 12 categories, as shown in Table 1. Each category has a two-letter abbreviation and a picture to assist with navigation between the categories. The strategies can be used to reduce emissions for both a specific facility (e.g., minimizing the use of auxiliary power units) and for a specific project (e.g., installing energy efficient equipment as part of a building renovation). Each reduction strategy was analyzed according to a set of 11 evaluation criteria to consistently provide readers with a summary of critical information that is often used in decision-making activities. For example, the magnitude of capital cost and the greenhouse gas reduction potential were used as criteria for evaluating each reduction strategy. In addition to the results of the evaluation criteria analysis, other critical information is provided for each strategy in a four-page Fact Sheet, including: • A description of the reduction strategy that outlines specific actions an airport operator can take to initiate implementation • Greenhouse gas emission sources impacted by the reduction strategy • Geographic regions and airport sizes that are favorable for implementation • Space requirements • Airport activities impacted by the reduction strategy (e.g., planning, construction, airside operations) • Implementation areas that may be impacted by the reduction strategy (e.g., roadways, terminals, signage) • Recommended stakeholder engagement • Funding opportunities • Case studies • On-line resources • Key references • Related reduction strategies B-22

Categories of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies in AirportGEAR Category Airfield Design and Operations AF Business Planning Construction Carbon Sequestration Energy Management Ground Service Equipment GS Ground Transportation GT Materials and Embedded Energy Operations and Maintenance OM 3 Performance Measurement PM 5 Renewable Energy (on-site) RE Refrigerants Total: AirportGEAR User’s Manual Table 1. Abbreviation for Category Number of Strategies Picture for Category 18 BP 11 CN 5 CS 4 EM 39 1 17 ME 4 14 RF 4 125 Photo sources: GT – Los Angeles World Airports; PM – Adapted from ACRP Report 11; RE – Denver International Airport; BP, CS, CN, EM, ME, and OM – Office.Microsoft.com Media Gallery © Microsoft. B-23

AirportGEAR User’s Manual The Fact Sheets communicate the technical information for each strategy in a consistent, user-friendly format. The Fact Sheets are included in the companion Handbook and can also be viewed in AirportGEAR in the LIBRARY tab of the EXPLORE feature. An airport operator can use the Fact Sheets to learn more about each strategy and to support decision-making activities. The list of reduction strategies and supporting technical information were derived from published literature, interviews with airports, vendor information, institutional knowledge of the airport industry, and professional judgment of the research team. Specifically, key sources for the information include the airport trade associations [American Association of Airport Executives (AAAE), Airports Council International (ACI), and Airport Consultants Council (ACC), and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)], airport users [Air Transport Association (ATA)], federal agencies [(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Department of Transportation (DOT) and Department of Energy (DOE)], and state programs, such as the California Climate Action Registry (CCAR). Pertinent research from the Transportation Research Board (TRB) was also used to develop the greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies. THE EVALUATION CRITERIA The list of evaluation criteria and their definitions is included in Addendum 2 at the end of this User’s Manual. BACKGROUND ON THE EVALUATION CRITERIA Each reduction strategy was analyzed against a set of 11 evaluation criteria to provide readers with a summary of critical information that is often used in decision-making activities. The evaluation criteria are grouped into three categories, as shown in Table 2. B-24

AirportGEAR User’s Manual Table 2. Evaluation Criteria Used to Analyze the Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies Category Evaluation Criteria Description Financial Considerations Estimated Capital Cost Upfront costs to plan, design and/or construct the reduction action Estimate Operation and Maintenance Cost Annual costs for continued implementation Estimated Payback Period The time required for the return on an investment to “repay” the capital and operations and maintenance costs Implementation Considerations Implementation Timeframe The time period required to implement the strategy Maturity of Strategy Past demonstration that the reduction strategy is implementable and effective Airport Control The level of financial and logistical control of the airport operator to implement the reduction strategy Potential Impacts Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential: Scopes 1 & 2 The magnitude of the reduction in Scope 1 & 2 greenhouse gas emissions (Direct and Indirect emissions) Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential: Scope 3 The magnitude of the reduction in Scope 3 greenhouse gas emissions (Other emissions) Impacts to Natural Resources Impacts or secondary benefits to natural resources Impacts to the Built Environment Impacts or secondary benefits for the built environment and local communities Impacts to Regulatory Compliance Impacts or secondary benefits for the airport operator’s compliance status with regulations B-25

AirportGEAR User’s Manual For each of the evaluation criteria, a “rating value” was assigned to indicate the results of the analysis. The rating values are shown as visual icons to allow the user to quickly interpret the results. For example, the strategies with the least expensive capital costs have a rating value icon of one dollar sign ($) while those with the most expensive capital costs receive a rating value icon of four dollar signs ($$$$). Additionally, AirportGEAR calculates a numerical score for each strategy based on the rating values, with the highest score indicating the most desirable strategies. These numerical scores, which are normalized to be between zero and one hundred, can be used to help prioritize which strategies may be the most applicable for a specific airport (e.g., the strategies with the highest scores are the most desirable). The numerical scores are displayed in the LIST of EXPLORE. AirportGEAR COMPANION HANDBOOK The AirportGEAR companion Handbook contains detailed background information on the objectives and methodologies that were used to develop the technical information for the 125 greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies included in AirportGEAR. The Handbook also includes a brief description of greenhouse gas emission accounting principles, potential regulatory requirements, and recommendations for how to use the Fact Sheets. The AirportGEAR Companion Handbook is located in the LIBRARY tab in EXPLORE. SCOPE 1, SCOPE 2 AND SCOPE 3 EMISSION CATEGORIES When developing a greenhouse gas inventory, emissions are often categorized as Scope 1, Scope 2, or Scope 3. Each scope of emissions indicates the relative amount of control that the airport has over the sources of emissions and, potentially, how the emissions may be regulated. The World Resource Institute (WRI) adopted the terms Scope 1/2/3, which have become standards for inventories, and are defined as: • Scope 1 emissions are from sources that are owned and controlled by the airport. For example, emissions from combustion in airport-owned boilers, furnaces and vehicles are considered to be Scope 1. Scope 1 sources for an airport operator typically include: airport service/fleet vehicles, certain stationary sources, emissions from airport-owned aircraft, and refrigerant use by the airport operator. Existing and emerging regulations often focus on Scope 1 emissions. B-26

• Scope 2 emissions are the purchase of electricity or steam by the airport. In this case, the practice is to associate electrical and steam purchases to the entity that receives the bill which may or may not be the consumer. Therefore, if the airport operator receives the electrical and steam bill and then later invoices their tenants, the airport operator reports all airport electrical consumption as Scope 2. If tenants are directly billed by the utility provider, the electrical consumption of the tenant is reported as Scope 3. Scope 2 emissions are often included in voluntary reporting registries. • Scope 3 emissions are a consequence of the activities of the entity, but occur at sources owned or controlled by another party. At an airport, these emissions would be associated with tenant aircraft operations, tenant ground support equipment, tenant ground vehicle movement, and public vehicular access to and from the airport. Scope 3 emissions can account for up to 90 – 95 percent of greenhouse gas emissions in an airport’s inventory. Airports may influence Scope 3 emissions, but cannot directly control them. Recommended Uses of GETTING STARTED GETTING STARTED may be used as a “home base” for AirportGEAR, which can be accessed any time you are using the tool and need additional information. Before exploring the other AirportGEAR features, it is recommended that you use GETTING STARTED to familiarize yourself with AirportGEAR’s features, the list of 125 reduction strategies and the list of evaluation criteria. While the other information provided in GETTING STARTED is important for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, you can read this information on an as-needed basis as you use AirportGEAR to evaluate and select emission reduction actions. AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-27

5.2 EXPLORE Screenshots of EXPLORE AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-28

AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-29

Purpose of EXPLORE EXPLORE is the heart of AirportGEAR. The purpose of EXPLORE is to provide you with several methods of browsing, filtering, sorting, and searching the technical information available for each reduction strategy. EXPLORE is also intended to provide a working space for you to develop a customized list of strategies that are most applicable to your airport that you can add to a written plan in the PLAN feature. How EXPLORE Works The EXPLORE feature allows you to browse, sort, filter and search the 125 greenhouse gas reduction strategies. For example, you can filter the strategies to show the least expensive and/or those that have the greatest greenhouse gas emission reduction potential. You can also search for key words or filter the strategies to show those that are applicable to a certain AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-30

AirportGEAR User’s Manual Project Type and/or Functional Area of the airport. You can also browse the LIBRARY of important background documents. The EXPLORE feature has three components (each located on a separate tab in EXPLORE): 1. LIST 2. SEARCH 3. LIBRARY LIST The LIST tab of EXPLORE shows the list of greenhouse gas reduction strategies and their numerical scores. The rating values for the evaluation criteria are also shown in the LIST tab. The LIST tab is designed for easy browsing and sorting of the reduction strategies and their information. The information in the LIST tab can be used in several ways: • Click on the table headers to sort the list of strategies by strategy name, strategy number, numerical score, or evaluation criteria rating values. • View all of the 125 strategies by unchecking the box at the top entitled “Show Only Search Results”. • View only the strategies that result from the parameters set in the SEARCH tab by checking the box at the top entitled “Show Only Search Results”. • Add strategies to a plan by clicking the “Add” button next to the strategy name. The strategy will be added to the plan that is currently “active” in the PLAN feature, which is displayed in the Information Panel. • Edit the rating value for any of the evaluation criteria by clicking the box where the number is located. The user can edit the rating values for the evaluation criteria if the default values provided by AirportGEAR are incorrect for your airport or region or change over time. • View the Fact Sheet for each strategy by clicking on the strategy number. • Change the width of the columns by moving the column lines to the left or the right (similar to Microsoft Excel). • Highlight information in the LIST table, press “Ctrl” and “C” at the same time to copy the data, and paste it in a Microsoft Excel file outside of AirportGEAR. B-31

AirportGEAR User’s Manual SEARCH The SEARCH tab in EXPLORE allows you to filter the strategies by the rating values for the evaluation criteria (e.g., the least expensive strategies). You can also filter the strategies by their applicability to a Project Type or Functional Area of the airport, the space that is required to implement the strategy, and the source of greenhouse gas emissions. You can also search for key words in the Fact Sheets. • Move the “sliders” at the top to set the desired ranges of the rating values for the evaluation criteria. For example, move the sliders all the way to the left for ‘Estimated Capital Cost’ to view the least expensive strategies (i.e., those with a rating value of one $). As you change the sliders, the number of applicable strategies will automatically change at the top of the page. • Check the boxes at the bottom to search for strategies that are applicable to a Project Type or Functional Area of the airport, have specific space requirements or are emitted from a certain source. • Enter a key word in the text box at the top of the page. AirportGEAR will search the Fact Sheets for this word and return the strategies that contain it. • Click the “Show Resulting Strategies” button at the top to see the resulting strategies that match the parameters set with the sliders, check boxes and key words. Clicking the “Show Results” button will redirect you to the LIST tab where the resulting strategies are displayed. • Click the “Reset Criteria” button at the top to reset the sliders, check boxes and key words back to the default values. The “sliders” on the top half of the SEARCH tab use “AND” logic. For example, setting the “sliders” to one dollar sign ($) for ‘Estimated Capital Cost’ and four airplanes (✈✈✈✈) for ‘Airport Control’ will return strategies that have both of these values for the evaluation criteria. In other words, it shows strategies that have $ and ✈✈✈✈, as opposed to $ or ✈✈✈✈. With this “AND” logic, it is recommended that only 1 or 2 sliders be used at a time. The check boxes on the bottom half of the SEARCH tab use a combination of “AND” and “OR” logic. For example, if ‘Construction’ is checked under Project Type and ‘Parking’ and ‘Baggage’ are checked under Functional Area, AirportGEAR will return strategies that are applicable during construction for either a parking facility or a baggage facility. B-32

LIBRARY The LIBRARY tab in EXPLORE contains reference documents that may be helpful to you as you use AirportGEAR and evaluate greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies. Descriptions of the documents are presented in Table 3. NOTE: The documents included in the LIBRARY tab may be superseded by more recent versions over time. Please refer to the original authors of the documents for the most recent versions. Document Handbook for Assessing Practical Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies for Airports AirportGEAR User’s Manual AirportGEAR Quick Start Guide List of the Emission Reduction Strategies Evaluation Criteria Definitions AirportGEAR References AirportGEAR User’s Manual Table 3. Documents in the LIBRARY Tab of EXPLOR Description The companion Handbook for AirportGEAR. It contains background information of greenhouse gas reduction and describes how the technical information presented in AirportGEAR was determined. Includes information on how to use AirportGEAR A one-page guide to the critical information for using AirportGEAR A table that includes the list of the 125 greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies included in AirportGEAR A table that provides the descriptions and rating value definitions for the evaluation criteria used in AirportGEAR A list of the references used in the research that was used to develop AirportGEAR E B-33

Document AirportGEAR Awareness Presentation Fact Sheets The four-page Fact Sheets for each of ACRP Report 11: Guidebook on Preparing Airport Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories The Climate Registry, General Reporting Protocol The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (2006), Volume 2, Energy The United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA’s) 2011 Fuel Economy Guide AirportGEAR User’s Manual Table 3. Documents in the LIBRARY Tab of EXPLOR Description A presentation summarizing the project information that can be used for garnering support for greenhouse gas emission reduction activities. the greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies included in AirportGEAR. This report is a product of a previous ACRP Project (02-06) and offers guidance to airports on greenhouse gas accounting. This document contains information on one reporting protocol in North America and includes emission factors used to calculate greenhouse gas emissions from stationary, mobile, indirect, and fugitive sources. This document contains information on a global reporting protocol and includes emission factors used to calculate greenhouse gas emissions related to energy use. This document contains fuel efficiency data that is commonly used to calculate greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles. E B-34

Document U.S. EPA’s eGrid 2010 Version 1 Year 2007 Summary Tables Recommended Uses of EXPLORE Each tab in EXPLORE can be used differently to evaluate and select the greenhouse gas reduction strategies that are most applicable to a specific facility or project. Recommendations for each tab include: • In the LIST tab, click on a header of the table to sort the strategies in ascending or descending order for that column. For example, click on the “Total Score” header to sort the strategies from highest numerical score to lowest to understand which strategies may be most applicable for a facility or project (e.g., the strategies with the highest score are the most desirable). • In the SEARCH tab, set the criteria according to your needs and click the “Show Results” button. For example, set the “sliders” to show the greatest ‘Estimated Payback Period’ or check the boxes for a specific Project Type and Functional Area. It is recommended that only one or two of the sliders be used at once. The strategies that match those criteria are shown in the LIST tab. Select strategies that you wish to consider further for implementation by clicking the “ADD” button in the LIST tab, which will group the selected strategies in the active plan. • Refer to the LIBRARY tab to view the Fact Sheets and to look up emission factor values when estimating potential emission reductions in INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS. AirportGEAR User’s Manual Table 3. Documents in the LIBRARY Tab of EXPLORE Description This document contains emission factors for electricity grids in the United States for 2007 (the most recent emission factors at the time of publication). B-35

5.3 PRIORITIZE Screenshots of PRIORITIZE AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-36

Purpose of PRIORITIZE AirportGEAR calculates a numerical score for each strategy based on the rating values for the evaluation criteria for that strategy. The purpose of PRIORITIZE is to allow you to apply “weights” or importance factors to the evaluation criteria in order to change the numerical score to reflect your preferences. The numerical scores are displayed in the LIST tab of EXPLORE. The numerical scores can be used to select the best strategies for your airport (e.g., the strategies with the highest score are the most desirable). AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-37

How PRIORITIZE Works The PRIORITIZE feature allows you to “weight” the evaluation criteria based on their relativve importance to your airport. The “weights” chaange the numerical score for each strategy that is calculated by AirportGEAR. The numerical scores can be viewed in the LIST tab of the EXPLORE feature. The default numerical score originally calculated by AirportGEAR is based on equal weighting to each criterion (i.e., a weighting of 1 for each criterion). After you assign weights in PRIORITIZE, return to the LIST tab of EXPLORE and sort the strategies by their new numerical score by clicking on the “Total Score” header. The effects of “weights” on the numerical score are presented in Table 4. You can prioritize the evaluation criteria in two ways (see detailed descriptions below): 1. Basic or manual assignment of weights 2. Using the pairwise process to determine weights. BASIC PRIORITIZATION You may manually assign a weight to each of the 11 evaluation criteria to weight them from unimportant to critical. Assign a weight between 1 (lowest priority) and 10 (highest priority) for each criterion. Weights can be repeated (e.g., a weight of 10 can be given to more than one criterion). In addition, if the '1 through 10' scale is too detailed for your needs, the criteria can be ranked using a '1 through 5' scale or a '1 through 3' scale (as determined by the user) with the same results of prioritizing the criteria. Use a modified scale by only selecting values between 1 and 5 or 1 and 3 for each criterion (i.e., a separate scale will not be presented by AirportGEAR. It is up to the user to select the range and values for the weights). PAIRWISE PRIORITIZATION You may step through a more time-intensive process that compares each individual criterion to each other to determine which one is more important. While this process will take more time than the BASIC prioritization, it will provide you with more detailed results than the simple 1-10 weighting provided in the BASIC function. The PAIRWISE process is often used in facilitated sessions with large groups of stakeholders, but can also be used by an individual. AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-38

AirportGEAR User’s Manual Table 4 Example Prioritization: Assigning custom weights to the evaluation criteria changes the numerical score AO-2 Minimize the Use of Auxiliary Power Units (APUs) AO-3 Design Airside Layout to Reduce Aircraft Delay & Surface Vehicle Congestion EVALUATION CRITERION Weight (1-10, user defined) Rating (Strategy Specific) Score (Rating x Weight) Rating (Strategy Specific) Score (Rating x Weight) Estimated Capital Cost 10 3 30 1 10 Estimated O&M Cost 9 4 36 2 18 Estimated Payback Period 2 1 2 1 2 Airport Control 2 2 4 4 8 Implementation Timeframe 1 1 1 2 2 Maturity of Strategy 1 4 4 4 4 Greenhouse Gas Reduction: Scopes 1 & 2 9 0 0 0 0 Greenhouse Gas Reduction: Scope 3 7 2 14 3 21 Impacts to Natural Resources 2 2 4 2 4 Impacts to the Built Environment 2 2 4 2 4 Impacts to Regulatory Compliance 2 0 0 2 4 Unweighted Score* 21 23 Weighted Score* 99 77 * The scores shown in this example have not been normalized. The numerical scores shown in AirportGEAR are normalized between 0 and 100. B-39

Recommended Uses of PRIORITIZE Start with the BASIC prioritization scheme. Manually set values for the “weights” for each criterion. Return to the LIST tab in EXPLORE and sort the strategies by score in descending order by clicking on the header for “Total Score.” 5.4 AIRPORT INFO Screenshot of AIRPORT INFO AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-40

Purpose of AIRPORT INFO The purpose of AIRPORT INFO is to use airport-specific information to eliminate strategies that are not applicable to that airport. The strategies are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. How AIRPORT INFO Works In the AIRPORT INFO feature, you can enter information on airport size, geography and other characteristics, such as whether the airport is served by public transportation or operates a central utility plant. Table 5 below shows how the information is used to eliminate strategies for a specific airport. The strategies are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. Strategies that are Eliminated Based on Airport-Specific Information Characteristic Strategies that are Eliminated Airport Size Airport Geography Served by public transportation Located on a water body If this box is NOT checked, then the strategy with a tide Chooses electricity provider/retailer on an open market AirportGEAR User’s Manual Table 5. Strategies that are not applicab airport size are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. Strategies that are not applicable to the airport geography are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. If this box is NOT checked, then strategies GT-03 “Promote Public Transit to the Airport” and GT-04 “Provide Transit Fare Discounts and/or Alternative Mode Subsidies” are eliminated from view in EXPLORE. RE-11 “Install a Tidal Energy System” is eliminated from view in EXPLORE. If this box is NOT checked, then the strategy EM-04 “Enter into a Green Power Purchasing Agreement” is eliminated from view in EXPLORE. le to the B-41

AirportGEAR User’s Manual Table 5. Strategies that are Eliminated Based on Airport-Specific Information Characteristic Strategies that are Eliminated In the process of (or has completed) a Climate Action Plan/Greenhouse Gas Management Plan If this box is checked, then the strategy BP- 03 “Develop a Climate Action Plan (CAP)” is eliminated from view in EXPLORE. Located near a landfill If this box is NOT checked, then the strategy RE-14 “Utilize Local Landfill Gas” is eliminated from view in EXPLORE. Located on a large water body (with or without a tide) If this box is NOT checked, then the strategy RE-08 “Use Seawater and Natural Water Bodies for Cooling” is eliminated from view in EXPLORE. Conducts regular greenhouse gas inventories If this box is checked, then the strategy PM- 01 “Conduct Regular Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories” is eliminated from view in EXPLORE. Operates a central utility plant on site If this box is NOT checked, then the strategy EM-23 “Evaluate and Upgrade the Central Plant and Distribution System Equipment” is eliminated from view in EXPLORE. You do not need to enter airport-specific information to use AirportGEAR. While user-defined information can enhance your evaluation and selection of reduction strategies, it is not required to use the other AirportGEAR features. You can also enter airport-specific information and then choose to not use it to eliminate strategies by unchecking the box labeled “Checking this box will use the airport-specific information to eliminate strategies that are not applicable to the airport. The strategies are eliminated from view in EXPLORE” at the top of the AIRPORT INFO page. Toggling this option on and off allows the user to switch between seeing all of the 125 reduction strategies and those that are only applicable at a specific airport. Information for more than one airport can be entered and stored in the AIRPORT INFO feature of AirportGEAR. B-42

Recommended Uses of AIRPORT INFO Create a profile for each airport in your organization. For each profile, designate an airport name and select a state and airport size. Check the boxes for the characteristics that apply to each airport. Finally, click on the box at the top that states “Checking this box will use the airport-specific information to eliminate strategies that are not applicable to the airport. The strategies are eliminated from view in EXPLORE.” Strategies that are not applicable to the airport will be eliminated from view during your evaluation in EXPLORE. 5.5 PLAN Screenshot of PLAN AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-43

Purpose of PLAN The purpose of PLAN is to allow you to group selected strategies together for a facility or project and print written reports that summarize technical information about those strategies. The written reports can be printed and used for discussion purposes and decision-making activities. Examples of a “Summary Report” and a “Detailed Report” that result from PLAN are included in Addendum 3 of this document. How PLAN Works The PLAN feature allows you to create plans to group strategies together for a facility or a project. Strategies are added to a plan in the LIST tab of EXPLORE by clicking the “ADD” button next to the strategy name. You must create a plan and add strategies to it in order to print a written report. The PLAN feature is also used to designate which plan is “active” in AirportGEAR. While you can create multiple plans, you can only work on one plan at a time (i.e., the “active” plan). You can add strategies from the LIST tab in EXPLORE and quantify potential emissions reduction in the INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS feature. The “active” plan and other relevant information are displayed in the Information Panel that is shown in every feature of AirportGEAR. In the PLAN feature, you can: • Create multiple plans with varying names, descriptions and notes. • View and Print a “Summary Report” or a “Detailed Report” that presents the selected strategies for each plan and their relevant technical information. You can also print a package of the Fact Sheets for the selected strategies. • Export report data to be used in other airport reports, analysis or presentations. CREATE PLANS Create multiple plans by clicking the “Add” button in PLAN. For each plan that is added, you can designate a plan name and a plan description. If you have multiple airports, you can also indicate which airport the plan is for. The list of airports is derived from the data entered in the AIRPORT INFO AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-44

AirportGEAR User’s Manual feature. In addition, you can enter “Notes” for each plan in the PLAN feature. Once a plan is added, it is displayed in the list located in the box immediately to the right of the “Add” button. From this list, you can delete plans or copy plans. Copying a plan will allow you to transfer the selected strategies and their relevant technical data from one plan to another, which can then be modified, and will prevent you from having to repetitively enter the same data. Highlight a plan in the box to designate it as the “active” plan. All plans are automatically saved and can be viewed at any time by highlighting the name in the box that contains the list of plans. VIEW AND PRINT REPORTS Two types of reports can be viewed or printed from the PLAN feature: a “Summary Report” and a “Detailed Report.” The package of Fact Sheets for the selected strategies in the active plan can also be printed. The reports are accessed by highlighting the desired plan and clicking on the buttons entitled “Summary Report,” “Detailed Report” and “Fact Sheet Package” (located to the left of the list of plans). The content of these reports (described below) can be directly printed to a printer or exported to Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word or Adobe PDF using the toolbar at the top of the report window. Examples of a “Summary Report” and a “Detailed Report” can be viewed or printed by clicking on the “Example Summary Report” and “Example Detailed Report” buttons in the PLAN feature. The “Summary Report” includes the following information: • The names and numbers of the strategies that were selected to be part of the plan. • The category of each strategy (e.g., Energy Management). • The numerical score for each strategy that is calculated by AirportGEAR based on the evaluation criteria rating values and the custom prioritization that is designated by the user in the PRIORITIZE feature (if applicable). • Indication of whether the strategy can apply to Scope 1, Scope 2 or Scope 3 emission sources. • Notes for the strategy that are entered by the user in the PLAN feature. B-45

AirportGEAR User’s Manual The “Detailed Report” includes: • The names and numbers of the strategies that were selected to be part of a plan. • The category of each strategy (e.g., Energy Management). • The numerical score for each strategy that is calculated by AirportGEAR based on the evaluation criteria rating values and the custom prioritization that is designated by the user in the PRIORITIZE feature (if applicable). • The potential emissions reductions in metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2e) that were computed in the INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS feature. • The unit cost of carbon in dollars per MTCO2e that was computed in the INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS feature (if applicable). • The total cost of the strategy, as entered by the user in the INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS feature (if applicable). • Indication of whether the strategy can apply to Scope 1, Scope 2 or Scope 3 emission sources. • Notes for the strategy that are entered by the user in the PLAN feature. • Bar graphs comparing the estimated reduction in emissions compared to the baseline inventory, which are based on the user-defined inventory data and the reductions calculated in the INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS feature (if applicable). • Airport-specific information entered by the user in the AIRPORT INFO, PRIORITIZE and INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS features. You can also print a “Fact Sheet Package” that compiles all of the Fact Sheets for the selected strategies. EXPORT REPORT DATA The data included in the written reports can be exported to Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word or Adobe for further use in airport reports, analysis or presentations. To export the data, click on the Save or disc icon at the top of the report reviewer, as shown in the following screenshot. B-46

Recommended Uses of PLAN Example plans that airports may consider developing include: • A comprehensive plan for one airport • A plan for a specific project • A plan for a specific operation • A plan for a particular focus area, such as energy management or ground transportation • A plan for a functional area of the airport, such as cargo facilities or terminals Graphs from the “Detailed Report” can be exported to Microsoft Excel and then copied into Microsoft PowerPoint presentations. AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-47

5.6 INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS Screenshots of INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-48

Purpose of INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS The purpose of INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS is to allow you to estimate potential greenhouse gas emission reductions that can be realized by implementing each strategy and compare those reductions to a baseline inventory. This comparison will assist you in determining which strategies will have the greatest impact on your overall greenhouse gas footprint. Comparing greenhouse gas inventory data to emission reduction plans can AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-49

AirportGEAR User’s Manual help you determine if the reduction strategies that you selected address your largest sources of emissions and/or if you are meeting your goals and commitments related to greenhouse gas emission reduction. How INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS Works The INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS feature has two components (each located on a separate tab in INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS): INVENTORY and REDUCTIONS. Detailed information on each of these components is included below. The comparison of the inventory data and the estimated reductions are shown on the written “Detailed Plan” that can be viewed in the PLAN feature. Note that you can use these components independently of each other; you do not need to enter data in both tabs for this feature to work. You can enter inventory data without calculating reductions and vice-versa. INVENTORY Enter your greenhouse gas inventory data in this tab. The default greenhouse gas sources listed in this component are taken from ACRP Report 11: Guidebook on Preparing Airport Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories. If your inventory does not include these sources, use the “Other” boxes to name your additional sources. Rolling the cursor over each default source will give examples of what equipment or operation is typically included in that type of source in a greenhouse gas inventory. If you do not have an inventory for your airport, you can import an example inventory from a similar airport by selecting a similar airport from the list in the bottom right corner and then clicking the “Import” button. REDUCTIONS The REDUCTIONS component can be used to estimate potential greenhouse gas emission reductions from implementing your selected strategies by following four steps: STEP 1: Select a Strategy To enter data for a specific strategy, click on a strategy from the list. The list shows the strategies that you selected to be part of the plan that is currently “active” in the PLAN feature. B-50

AirportGEAR User’s Manual STEP 2: Enter Estimated Cost Information You can enter estimated cost information for each strategy, such as capital cost or net present value, depending on your preference and availability of information. The REDUCTIONS component will use this data to compute a unit cost of carbon emissions reduced in dollar per metric tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2e) based on the emissions reduction calculated in STEP 3. The estimated range of cost from the Fact Sheet is displayed for your reference. Note: Cost information is not needed to use this feature of AirportGEAR. You can leave this information blank and still calculate estimated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. STEP 3: Enter Data for the Equation or Manually Enter Emission Reduction To estimate potential greenhouse gas emission reductions that will result from implementing a strategy, you can utilize the equations that are provided, modify the equations that are provided or manually enter an emission reduction value that you estimated from another program, as described below. Using the Equation that is Provided The REDUCTIONS tab provides general equations to estimate the amount of greenhouse gas emissions that can be saved from implementing your selected strategies. Each equation contains a set of variables. While some default values are suggested for the variables, most of the needed information depends on the specific implementation details and must be provided by you. For example, if you plan to install solar panels, you will have to estimate how many kWh will be generated by the panels and provide the emission factors for your regional electricity grid. References are included to assist you in determining where to obtain the needed information and, in some cases, the references are provided in the LIBRARY tab of the EXPLORE feature of AirportGEAR. After you enter the variable values for a strategy, hit the “Calculate” button (located under the list of variables) to calculate the emission reduction. If you are creating multiple plans and a particular strategy is included in more than one plan, you will only have to enter the variable values for that strategy’s equations once. The variable values entered in the first plan will be carried over to the other plans that include that strategy. You will be able to change the variable values from plan to plan, but the repetition of the initial B-51

AirportGEAR User’s Manual values will prevent you from having to enter standard information more than once. For example, many strategies ask for the emission factors for the regional electricity grid. Once they are entered for a particular strategy in one plan, they will be copied into that strategy’s equation in subsequent plans so that you do not have to repetitively enter this data. These equations are for high-level planning; although it is important to accurately estimate the variable values, you can still benefit from these equations without detailed conceptual design data. By estimating the variable values for the equations at a high level, you can compare the benefits of the selected strategies to assist you in decision-making. Note that, because these equations are for high-level planning, they may not be appropriate for calculating a greenhouse gas inventory. Equations are provided for most of the greenhouse gas reduction strategies, with the exception of those strategies that are strictly based on policy development or data collection and do not have equations to estimate the potential emission reductions. For example, one strategy includes developing a greenhouse gas inventory in order to identify the largest sources, and thus the best opportunities to reduce. Although a greenhouse gas inventory can help an airport determine which strategies are most appropriate for implementation, it does not directly lead to emission reductions and, therefore, an equation is not provided. For those strategies that do not have an equation, the following message will appear in the equation box: “There is no generalized emission reduction equation available for this strategy. See the References note below for more details.” The “References note” provides detailed information regarding why an equation is not available for that strategy. Modifying the Equation that is Provided The REDUCTIONS component also allows the user to modify the equation if it changes over time or if a new equation becomes available. To modify an equation, click on the “Edit Formula” button (located under the list of variables). In the equation box, modify the equation by typing in the changes. The MATH EXPRESSIONS section can assist you in the proper equation syntax, if needed. After you have modified the equation, click on the “Check” button to validate the formula. A message indicating whether or not the formula is valid will appear under the list of variables. Finally, click on the “Exit Edit” button to complete the modification of the equation. You can reset the equation back to the original equation provided by AirportGEAR by clicking the “Reset” button. B-52

AirportGEAR User’s Manual Manually Enter the Value of the Emission Reduction If you currently use another program to calculate potential greenhouse gas emission reductions, then you can manually enter the result in the space provided and bypass the equation. The benefit of manually adding this data into AirportGEAR is that you can see all potential emission reductions in one plan. For example, many airports use alternative programs to estimate energy savings and their related greenhouse gas emission reductions. If an airport is interested in looking beyond energy for greenhouse gas mitigation, the greenhouse gas savings from the energy programs can be manually entered into AirportGEAR and compared to other strategies that address topics such as ground transportation or airfield design for a comprehensive look at greenhouse gas emission reduction. STEP 4: Allocate the Emissions Reduction to an Emission Source To compare your baseline greenhouse gas inventory to the inventory that would result from implementing a selected strategy, you must allocate the emissions reduction to a specific emission source(s). The allocation is entered as a percentage of the emissions reduced. For example, if a strategy focuses on reducing electricity use, you can indicate that all of the saved electricity will be seen in the airport’s purchased electricity by entering “100” in the box next to “Airport Sources – Purchased Electricity” (indicating that 100% of the reduction should be allocated to this source). Similarly, if the saved electricity is equally distributed for both the airport and the tenants, you can enter “50” in the boxes next to “Airport Sources – Purchased Electricity” and “Tenant Sources – Purchased Electricity” (indicating that 50% of the reduction should be allocated to each of these sources). MATH EXPRESSIONS The following steps outline how to use MATH EXPRESSIONS to modify an equation in the REDUCTIONS tab of INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS. 1. To edit a generalized emissions reduction formula for a particular strategy, select the strategy from the strategy list and then select the “Edit Formula” button below the formula text box. 2. The formula text box will be editable, allowing the user to edit the formula. 3. Additionally, the user can edit the unit value and description for each of the formula parameters below the formula. B-53

AirportGEAR User’s Manual 4. To validate changes, press the “Check” button. If the changes are valid, the “Check” button and the formula text box will be disabled indicating that the user can exit the formula editing session. The words “Formula valid” will appear under the list of variables. 5. To save the changes, press the “Exit Edit” button. 6. The user can now edit the values for each parameter in the formula, and the notes. 7. To calculate the results using the new information, press the “Calculate” button. The results will appear directly below the “Calculate” button. 8. To reset the equations back to the default expression, press the “Reset” button. An expression is made up of Variables, Values, Operators, and/or Functions. • Variables are textual descriptions of values which can be inputted as values at a later time. • Values are constant and used as data in the formula at the time of formula creation. • Operators perform an action on the parameters or values to produce a new value. • Functions are predefined calculations. Example formulas include: 1. (A + B) / C * 100 2. sqrt(A^2 + B^2) 3. pi * r^2 4. Cooling_Requirement * Equipment_Refrigerant_Charge * Global_Warming_Potential * 0.001 5. pi*max(a+b + sin(z)/2^3-92.38*2, avg(b,a*90,33.333,12)) B-54

AirportGEAR User’s Manual The following is a list of Operators that may be used. The operators are a character or sequence of characters which can NOT be used as part of the expression parameters. Operators + Addition - Subtraction / Division * Multiplication ^ Raises x to the power of y < Less than > Greater than == Equal != Not equal >= Greater or equal and Logical AND or Logical OR xor Logical XOR B-55

inventory data and evaluate how the reductions will impact the overall greenhouse gas footprint. sin - sine asin - arc sine acos -arc cosine atan - arc tangent sinh - hyperbolic sine asinh - hyperbolic arc acosh -hyperbolic arc sin log2 - logarithm base 2 ln - logarithm to base exp - e raised to the e sign - sign, -1 if x<0, 1 if rint - round to nearest x>0 if - if..then..else sum - sum of all avg - mean of all arguments Recommended Uses of INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS Estimating potential emission reductions can help you select which strategies to fund and implement. After creating a plan in the PLAN feature and adding strategies to it from the LIST tab of EXPLORE, use INVENTORY & REDUCTIONS to estimate potential reductions for each strategy. Utilize the references in the LIBRARY tab in EXPLORE to look up emission factors that are commonly used in the equations in the REDUCTIONS tab. After the calculations are complete, print the “Detailed Report” and analyze the potential emissions reductions for each strategy in order to determine which strategies should be pursued. Once the final list of strategies is selected and the plan is modified in PLAN by deleting those strategies that will not be implemented, enter baseline AirportGEAR User’s Manual General Functions cos -cosine tan - tangent cosh - hyperbolic cosine tanh - hyperbolic tangent cosine atanh - hyperbolic arc tangent log10 - logarithm base 10 log - logarithm power of x sqrt - square root integer abs - absolute value min - minimum of all arguments max - maximum of all arguments arguments B-56

ADDENDUM 1: List of 125 Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies AF-01 Provide Infrastructure for Pre-Conditioned Air (PCA) and Ground Power AF-02 Minimize the Use of Auxiliary Power Units (APUs) AF-03 Design Airside Layout to Reduce Aircraft Delay and Surface Vehicle Congestion AF-04 Design Runways, Taxiways, Ramps & Terminals to Reduce Aircraft Taxiing Distances AF-05 Consider Longer Runways to Reduce the Use of Reverse Thrust AF-06 Install or Expand Hydrant Fueling System AF-07 Provide Fixed Gate Infrastructure for Aircraft Underground Supply and Evacuation Systems AF-08 Create Partnerships with Intercity Rail Services to Optimize Passenger and Cargo Movement AF-09 Implement Emission-based Incentives and Landing Fees AF-10 Install a Jet Fuel Pipeline AF-11 Support Optimized Departure Management on Existing Runways AF-12 Support Modernization of Air Traffic Management (ATM) AF-13 Support the Development of Alternative Fuels for Aircraft AF-14 Support Single/Reduced Engine Taxiing AF-15 Support Alternative Passenger Boarding Procedures AF-16 Support Push Back Tugs to Transport Planes to Taxiways, Runway Ends and/or Take-off Areas AF-17 Support Fuel Efficiency Targets for Aircraft AF-18 Support the Use of Paperless Ticket Technology BP-01 Use Greenhouse Gas Impact Evaluations as Decision-Making Criteria BP-02 Develop an Airport Expansion and Development Greenhouse Gas Emission Policy BP-03 Develop a Climate Action Plan (CAP) BP-04 Develop Climate Change and Energy Communication Materials and/or Information Center BP-05 Create a Carbon Offset Purchasing Strategy BP-06 Develop and Apply or Sell Carbon Offsets BP-07 Offer Voluntary Carbon Offsets for Passengers BP-08 Use Airport-Specific Sustainable Planning, Design, and Construction Guidelines BP-09 Participate in a Greenhouse Gas Registry and/or Accreditation Program BP-10 Set a Policy for Green Building Certification for Buildings BP-11 Support the Use of Customer Self-Service Equipment in Terminal Design Airfield Design and Operations Business Planning B-57

CN-01 Use Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) in place of Hot Mix Asphalt CN-02 Recycle and Reuse Construction and Demolition Materials CN-03 Implement a Construction Vehicle Idling Plan CN-04 Specify Low-emission Construction Vehicles and Equipment CN-05 Specify Energy Efficient Temporary Lighting During Construction CS-01 Install Sustainable, Long-term Vegetation CS-02 Add Mineral Carbonation Systems to Exhaust Streams CS-03 Implement or Support Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage Processes CS-04 Invest in Terrestrial Carbon Sinks EM-01 Develop a Strategic Energy Management Plan EM-02 Specify Energy Efficiency Requirements for Equipment in Contract Agreements EM-03 Develop Energy Performance Contracting Partnerships EM-04 Enter into a Green Power Purchasing Agreement EM-05 Evaluate "Take or Pay" Contract Provisions EM-06 Develop and Market an Energy Conservation Program for Building Users EM-07 Evaluate Fuel Mix EM-08 Use Thermal Imaging to Identify Energy Losses EM-09 Improve Insulation of Building Envelope EM-10 Change Set Points or Exclude Selected Zones from Heating and Cooling EM-11 Restrict Heating and Cooling to Lowest 10 ft of Indoor Space EM-12 Install Green Vegetated Roofs for Greater Building Insulation EM-13 Install a Cool Roof EM-14 Design Building Orientation for Energy Use Reduction EM-15 Apply Solar Reflective Paint EM-16 Apply Thermochromic Coatings on Buildings EM-17 Install LED Runway and Taxiway Lighting EM-18 Implement a Lighting System Energy Conservation Program Construction Carbon Sequestration Energy Management AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-58

AirportGEAR User’s Manual EM-19 Install a Building Automation System (BAS) EM-20 Periodically Recommission HVAC Systems and Control Systems EM-21 Install High-Efficiency Equipment and Controls EM-22 Integrate Thermal Storage into Heating and Cooling Systems EM-23 Evaluate and Upgrade the Central Plant and Distribution System Equipment EM-24 Install Variable Speed Drives (VSD) and Optimize Controls of Pumps for Air Handling Units EM-25 Install Evaporative Cooling Systems EM-26 Install Energy Efficient Chillers EM-27 Install Ultraviolet-C (UVC) Lights in Air Handling Units (AHUs) for Continuous Coil Cleaning EM-28 Install a Heat Recovery System EM-29 Design for Larger Diameter Piping EM-30 Reduce Transmission Losses in Electrical Wires EM-31 Purchase ENERGY STAR Equipment EM-32 Enhance Piping Insulation EM-33 Construct a Cogeneration or Trigeneration Energy System EM-34 Use Methane from Anaerobic Bioreactor Treatment Systems for Deicing Fluids EM-35 Install Energy Efficient Elevators, Escalators and Autowalks EM-36 Optimize Passenger and Baggage Handling System EM-37 Incorporate Use of Natural Ventilation and Economizer Control EM-38 Install Window Awnings or Sunshades EM-39 Utilize Sophisticated Energy Models for Building Design GS-01 Support Alternatively Fueled Ground Service Equipment (GSE) GT-01 Provide Priority Vehicle Parking for Emissions Friendly Vehicles GT-02 Provide Preferential Car/Vanpool Parking for Employees GT-03 Promote Public Transit to the Airport GT-04 Provide Transit Fare Discounts and/or Alternative Mode Subsidies GT-05 Increase Mass Transit Access to the Airport GT-06 Alter Parking Pricing Structures for Employees and Passengers GT-07 Implement “On-foot” Payment for Parking Energy Management (cont.) Ground Service Equipment Ground Transportation B-59

GT-08 Implement a Traffic Management System GT-09 Allow Telecommuting for Employees GT-10 Allow Flexible Work Schedules for Employees GT-11 Build a Consolidated Rent-A-Car Facility (ConRAC) GT-12 Construct a Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) System GT-13 Promote Bicycle Use by Employees GT-14 Convert Airport Fleet Vehicles to Alternatively Fueled Vehicles GT-15 Support Conversion of Tenant Fleet Vehicles to Alternatively Fueled Vehicles GT-16 Support Alternatively Fueled Vehicles for Rental Cars and Commercial Vehicles GT-17 Support Alternatively Fueled Taxis ME-01 Develop an Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan ME-02 Start or Enhance a Waste Reduction or Recycling Program ME-03 Start or Enhance a Green Procurement Program (GPP) ME-04 Separate and Compost Food Waste OM-01 Create a Detailed Operations and Maintenance Manual OM-02 Develop a Measurement and Verification Plan OM-03 Use a Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) PM-01 Conduct Regular Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission Inventories PM-02 Perform Energy Audits PM-03 Install Tenant Energy Sub-Metering Systems PM-04 Track Energy Use PM-05 Work with Airport Industry to Develop Benchmarking Databases Ground Transportation (cont.) Materials and Embedded Energy Operation and Maintenance Performance Measurement AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-60

RE-01 Install Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Panels RE-02 Install Building-mounted or Ground-mounted Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Panels RE-03 Install Solar Thermal Systems for Hot Water Production RE-04 Use Solar Desiccant Air Conditioning Systems RE-05 Use On-site Biomass Energy Systems RE-06 Install Ground-Source or Geothermal Heating and Cooling System RE-07 Install a Geothermal Snow and Ice Melting System RE-08 Use Seawater and Natural Water Bodies for Cooling RE-09 Install Building-Mounted Wind Turbines RE-10 Install a Waste-to-Energy System RE-11 Install a Tidal Energy System RE-12 Install Sewer Heat Recovery Systems RE-13 Construct a Hydrogen Fueling and Generation Station RE-14 Utilize Local Landfill Gas RF-01 Replace Refrigerants with Natural or Lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) Gases RF-02 Incorporate Intelligent Fault Diagnosis for HVAC Refrigerant Systems RF-03 Use Hydronically Coupled Vapor-Compression Heat Pumps RF-04 Install Microchannel Components and Heat Exchangers Refrigerants Renewable Energy (on-site) AirportGEAR User’s Manual B-61

ADDENDUM 2: Evaluation Criteria B-62

Icon Numerical Score in AirportGEAR* Rating Value Definitions 1 < $10,000 2 $10,000 - $100,000 3 $100,001 - $1,000,000 4 > $1,000,000 1 < $5,000 2 $5,000 - $50,000 DefinitionCriterion Annual costs for continued implementation of the reduction action. Estimated Capital Costs Estimated Annual Operations and Maintenance Costs Evaluation Criteria and Their Rating Values Financial Considerations Rating Values Upfront costs to plan, design and/or construct the reduction action. 3 $50,001 - $100,000 4 > $100,000 1 < 2 years 2 2 - 5 years 3 6 - 10 years 4 > 10 years * For "Estimated Capital Cost," "Estimated O&M Cost" and "Estimated Payback Period," AirportGEAR transforms the numerical scores shown here to complete the calculation of the overall numerical score for the strategy. When computing the overall numerical score for the strategy, AirportGEAR reverses the scores for these criteria (e.g. one dollar sign is represented at "4" in the overall numerical score calculation instead of "1") to reflect that higher scores are more desirable. The user does not need to do anything different based on this information; this reversal of scores is done in the background of the tool and is represented in the overall numerical score for the strategy. The user should use the numerical scores shown in this table when interpreting or changing the rating values for these evaluation criteria in AirportGEAR. The time required for the return on an investment to "repay" the capital and operations and maintenance costs. ** Does not consider financial incentives such as grants, rebates or tax incentives or the cost of carbon. Estimated Payback Period**

Icon Numerical Score in AirportGEAR Rating Value Definitions 1 Airport operator has no ownership, control, or influence over implementation of the strategy 2 Airport operator has no ownership or control, but can influence the reduction of GHG emissions through policy, procedures or training 3 Airport has no ownership or control, but can influence the reduction of GHG emissions through infrastructure improvements Criterion Definition Evaluation Criteria and Their Rating Values Implementation Considerations The level of financial and logistical control of the airport operator to implement the reduction action. Rating Values Airport Control*** 4 Airport operator has complete control over implementation of strategy 1 Immediate: < 1 yr 2 Short-term: 1 - 5 yrs 3 Medium-term: 5 - 10 yrs 4 Long-term: > 10 yrs 1 Conceptual stage 2 Trial tested 3 Proven 4 Proven at airports Past demonstration that the reduction action is implementable and effective. *** Ranking scale is representative of a majority of airports, but may not fit the control and operation structure for every airport Maturity of Strategy The time period required to implement the action and reduce GHG emissions. Implementation Timeframe

Icon Numerical Score in AirportGEAR Rating Value Definitions None 0 Does not decrease Scopes 1 &2 emissions 1 Low: Reduction of Scopes 1 & 2 emissions is always relatively low 2 Medium: There is potential for the reduction of Scopes 1 & 2 emissions to range from low to high depending on implementation details 3 High: Reduction of Scopes 1 & 2 emissions is always relatively high None 0 Does not decrease Scope 3 emissions 1 Low: Reduction of Scope 3 emissions is always relatively low Medium: There is potential for the reduction of Scope 3 emissions to Evaluation Criteria and Their Rating Values Potential Impacts Rating Values GHG Reduction Potential: Scope 3 *** The magnitude of the reduction in Scope 3 GHG emissions (Other emissions) as a result of the action. GHG Reduction Potential: Scopes 1 & 2 *** The magnitude of the reduction in Scope 1 & 2 GHG emissions (Direct and Indirect emissions) as a result of the action. Criterion Definition 1 & 2 1 & 21 & 2 1 & 2 1 & 2 1 & 2 3 2 range from low to high depending on implementation details 3 High: Reduction of Scope 3 emissions is always relatively high 2 Adverse impacts to natural resources (i.e. stormwater) 0 No benefit or impact to natural resources -2 Benefit to natural resources (i.e. reduces criteria pollutants) 2 Adverse impacts to the built environment 0 No adverse or positive impacts to the built environment -2 Positive impact to the built environment 2 May trigger a change to regulatory compliance status 0 Does not change regulatory compliance status -2 May facilitate compliance with a regulation Impacts to Regulatory Compliance Impact on the airport operator's compliance status with regulations. *** Ranking scale is representative of a majority of airports, but may not fit the control and operation structure for every airport Impacts to Natural Resources Impacts or secondary benefits to natural resources. Impacts to the Built Environment Secondary benefits for the built environment and local communities. 33 3 3 3

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AirportGEAR User’s Manual Potential Impacts to: Strategy Number Strategy Name Category Score (1) Scope 1 Scope 2 Scope 3 BP-10 Set a Policy for Green Building Certification for Buildings Business Planning 76 BP-01 Use Greenhouse Gas Impact Evaluations as Decision-Making Criteria Business Planning 73 RE-01 Install Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Panels Renewable Energy (on-site) 66 EM-15 Apply Solar Reflective Paint Energy Management 63 GT-08 Implement a Traffic Management System Ground Transportation 62 GT-16 Support Alternatively Fueled Vehicles for Rental Cars and Commercial Vehicles Ground Transportation 61 EM-12 Install Green Vegetated Roofs for Greater Building Insulation Energy Management 59 GT-11 Build a Consolidated Rent-A-Car Facility (ConRAC) Ground Transportation 48 (1) - The score is the sum of the strategy's criteria rating values, weighted against the selected priority preferences. The scores have been further normalized to fall in a range between 0 and 100. Summary Report: Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies This Summary Report presents the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction strategies that were selected through the use of “AirportGEAR”, a tool developed by ACRP Project 02-10, “Practical Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Strategies for Airports.” This Summary Report presents technical information for each strategy that is intended to assist in decision-making activities related to GHG emission reduction at a specific airport facility or for a specific project. Selected GHG Emission Reduction Strategies Airport Name: Sunshine Airport Plan Name: Development of a Consolidated Rent-A-Car Facility (ConRAC) Description: This plan summarizes the GHG emission reduction strategies for consideration for the ConRAC project. Notes: This plan includes the garages, parking lots and buildings associated with the ConRAC. It also includes the enabling project that changes the roadways to re-route ground transportation vehicles. B-67

Potential Impacts to: Strategy Number Strategy Name Category Score (1) Emission Reduction (MTCO2e) Cost ($) Unit Cost ($/MTCO2e) Scope 1 Scope 2 Scope 3 RF-01 Replace Refrigerants with Natural or Lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) Gases Refrigerants 81 3,240 15,000 4.6 RF-02 Incorporate Intelligent Fault Diagnosis for HVAC Refrigerant Systems Refrigerants 79 3,600 7,500 2.1 RF-04 Install Microchannel Components and Heat Exchangers Refrigerants 78 2,500 50,000 20.0 Detailed Report: Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies This Detailed Report presents the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction strategies that were selected through the use of “AirportGEAR,” a tool developed by ACRP Project 02-10, "Practical Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Strategies for Airports." This Detailed Report presents technical information for each strategy and data related to the airport's GHG inventory that is intended to assist in decision-making activities related to GHG emission reduction at a specific airport facility or for a specific project. Selected GHG Emission Reduction Strategies Airport Name: Snowy Airport Plan Name: Energy Management Program Description: This plan summarizes strategies to reduce energy use and associated GHG emissions on the entire airport property. Notes: This plan includes both airport operator spaces and tenant spaces. The primary goals of the program are to save energy and reduce annual energy costs.

Potential Impacts to: Strategy Number Strategy Name Category Score (1) Emission Reduction (MTCO2e) Cost ($) Unit Cost ($/MTCO2e) Scope 1 Scope 2 Scope 3 EM-06 Develop and Market an Energy Conservation Program for Building Users Energy Management 75 625 7,500 12.0 EM-08 Use Thermal Imaging to Identify Energy Losses Energy Management 75 N/A EM-10 Change Set Points or Exclude Selected Zones from Heating and Cooling Energy Management 75 1,440 5,000 3.5 EM-09 Improve Insulation of Building Envelope Energy Management 74 900 10,000 11.1 EM-38 Install Window Awnings or Sunshades Energy Management 74 28 25,000 892.9 EM-07 Evaluate Fuel Mix Energy Management 71 2,039 750,000 367.8 EM-02 Specify Energy Efficiency Requirements for Equipment in Contract Agreements Energy Management 66 N/A EM-26 Install Energy Efficient Chillers Energy Management 66 15 100,000 6,666.7 EM-32 Enhance Piping Insulation Energy Management 64 1,730 50,000 28.9 EM-01 Develop a Strategic Energy Management Plan Energy Management 63 N/A EM-35 Install Energy Efficient Elevators, Escalators and Autowalks Energy Management 62 19 250,000 13,157.9 EM-20 Periodically Recommission HVAC Systems and Control Systems Energy Management 60 1,080 100,000 92.6 EM-23 Evaluate and Upgrade the Central Plant and Distribution System Equipment Energy Management 59 5,729 1,000,000 174.6 Detailed Report: Energy Management Program

Potential Impacts to: Strategy Number Strategy Name Category Score (1) Emission Reduction (MTCO2e) Cost ($) Unit Cost ($/MTCO2e) Scope 1 Scope 2 Scope 3 EM-27 Install Ultraviolet-C (UVC) Lights in Air Handling Units (AHUs) for Continuous Coil Cleaning Energy Management 59 259 50,000 193.1 EM-34 Use Methane from Anaerobic Bioreactor Treatment Systems for Deicing Fluids Energy Management 51 2,557 1,000,000 391.1 (1) - The score is the sum of the strategy's criteria rating values, weighted against the selected priority preferences. The scores have been further normalized to fall in a range between 0 and 100. Detailed Report: Energy Management Program

Detailed Report: Energy Management Program

Detailed Report: Energy Management Program