Long-Term Performance of Polymer Concrete for Bridge Decks (2012)

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41 REFERENCES 1. ACI 548.5R: Guide for Polymer Concrete Overlays, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., Jan. 1994, Reapproved 1998, 26 pp. 2. ACI 548.8: Specification for Type EM (Epoxy Multi- Layer) Polymer Overlay for Bridge and Parking Garage Decks, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., Oct. 2007, 9 pp. 3. Furr, H.L., Synthesis of Highway Practice 109: Highway Uses of Epoxy with Concrete, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1984, 68 pp. 4. Sprinkel, M.M., “Twenty-Five-Year Experience with Polymer Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays,” Polymers in Concrete: The First Thirty Years, ACI Special Publica- tion No. 214, 2003, pp. 51–62. 5. Ohama, Y., Bibliography on Polymers in Concrete, 3rd ed., International Congress on Polymers in Concrete, 2007. 6. AASHTO-AGC-ARTBA Task Force 34, Guide Specifi- cation for Polymer Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays, AASHTO, Washington, D.C., 1995. 7. Harper, J., Investigations of Failures of Epoxy Polymer Overlays in Missouri, Missouri Department of Transpor- tation, Jefferson City, Nov. 2007, 22 pp. 8. Carter, P.D., “Thin Polymer Wearing Surfaces for Pre- ventive Maintenance of Bridge Decks,” Polymer Con- crete, ACI Special Publication No. 137, 1993, pp. 29–48. 9. White, D. and R. Montani, “Thin-Bonded Polymer Con- crete Overlays for Exposed Concrete Bridge Deck Pro- tection and Maintenance,” In-Place Performance of Polymer Concrete Overlays, ACI Special Publication No. 169, 1997, pp. 99–106. 10. ASTM D638, Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plas- tics, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa. 11. Gaul, R.W., “Epoxy Asphalt Concrete—A Polymer Con- crete with 25 Years’ Experience,” Properties and Uses of Polymers in Concrete, ACI Special Publication No. 166, 1996, pp. 233–251. 12. Fontana, J.J., W. Reams, W. Scannell, and M.M. Sprin- kel, Electrically Conductive Polymer Concrete Overlay as Secondary Anode for Cathodic Protection, FHWA- RD-90-005, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y., May 1990, 61 pp. 13. ACI 503R, Use of Epoxy Compounds with Concrete, Appendix A—Test Methods, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., Reapproved 2008, 28 pp. 14. ASTM C1583, Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Concrete Surfaces and the Bond Strength or Tensile Strength of Concrete Repair and Overlay Materials by Direct Tension (Pull-off Method), ASTM, West Con- shohocken, Pa. 15. Sprinkel, M.M., “Nineteen Year Performance of Polymer Concrete Bridge,” In-Place Performance of Polymer Concrete Overlays, ACI Special Publication No. 169, 1997, pp. 42–74. 16. Sprinkel, M.M., “Performance of Multiple Layer Poly- mer Concrete Overlays on Bridge Decks,” Polymers in Concrete: Advances and Applications, ACI Special Pub- lication No. 116, 1989, pp. 61–95. 17. Sprinkel, M.M., “Polymer Concrete Bridge Overlays,” Transportation Research Record 1392, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washing- ton, D.C., 1993, pp. 107–116. 18. Dimmick, F.E., Sr., “Premixed Epoxy Polymer Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays,” In-Place Performance of Poly- mer Concrete Overlays, ACI Special Publication No. 169, 1997, pp. 146–171. 19. ASTM D3042-09, Standard Test Method for Insoluble Residue in Carbonate Aggregates, ASTM, West Con- shohocken, Pa. 20. ASTM C579, Standard Test Methods for Compressive Strength of Chemical-Resistant Mortars, Grouts, Mono- lithic Surfacings, and Polymer Concretes, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa. 21. Zalatimo, J.H., Analysis, Design, Construction, and Durability of Polymer Concrete Overlays, Ph.D. disserta- tion, University of Texas, Austin, 1993. 22. Zalatimo, J.H. and D.W. Fowler, “5-Year Performance of Overlays in Fort Worth, Texas,” In-Place Performance of Polymer Concrete Overlays, ACI Special Publication No. 169, 1997, pp. 122–145. 23. ASTM D570, Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa. 24. ASTM D4060, Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resis- tance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa. 25. AASHTO T277-07, Standard Method of Test for Electrical Indication of Concrete’s Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration, AASHTO, Washington, D.C., 2007. 26. ASTM C876, Test Method for Half-Cell Potentials of Uncoated Reinforcing Steel in Concrete, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa.

42 27. Meinheit, D.F. and W.H. Riesterer, “Performance of Thin Methyl-Methacrylate Polymer Concrete (MMA) Overlay in a Post-Tensioned Parking Garage,” In-Place Perfor- mance of Polymer Concrete Overlays, ACI Special Pub- lication No. 169, 1997, pp. 18–41. 28. ASTM D3633, Test Method for Electrical Resistivity of Mem- brane-Pavement Systems, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa. 29. ASTM E524, Standard Specification for Standard Smooth Tire for Pavement Skid-Resistance Tests, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa. 30. ASTM C666, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa. 31. Nabar, S. and P. Mendis, “Experience with Epoxy Poly- mer Concrete Bridge Deck Thin Overlays in Service for Over 10 Years,” In-Place Performance of Polymer Con- crete Overlays, ACI Special Publication No. 169, 1997, pp. 1–17. 32. Maass, J.E., “I-80—It’s Almost a Decade,” Place Perfor- mance of Polymer Concrete Overlays, ACI Special Pub- lication No. 169, 1997, pp. 172–179. 33. Krauss, P.D., “Status of Polyester-Styrene Resin Con- crete Bridge Deck and Highway Overlays in California,” 43rd Annual Conference SPI Composites Institute Inc., Feb. 1–5, 1988. 34. Dimmick, F.E., Sr., “15-Year Tracking Study: Comparing Epoxy Polymer Concrete to Portland Cement Concrete Applied on Slab-on-Grade and Bridge Decks,” Proper- ties and Uses of Polymers in Concrete, ACI Special Pub- lication No. 166, 1996, pp. 211–231. 35. Wilson, D.L. and E.H. Henley, Thin Polymer Bridge Deck Overlays: WSDOT’s 10 Year Evaluation, WA-RD 374.1, Washington State Department of Transportation, Lacey, Feb. 1995, 100 pp. [Online]. Available: http://www.wsdot. wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/374.1.pdf. 36. Doody, M.E., and R. Morgan, Polymer-Concrete Bridge- Deck Overlays, FHWA/NY/SR-93/110, Engineering Research and Development Bureau, State Campus, Albany, N.Y., June 1993, 48 pp. [Online]. Available: http://ntl.bts. gov/lib/21000/21100/21137/PB99100349.pdf. 37. New York State Department of Transportation (NYS- DOT), Field Trip Report on Thin Polymer Overlays, NYSDOT, Albany, Unpublished report, 2007. 38. ASTM E274, Standard Test Method for Skid Resistance of Paved Surfaces Using a Full-Scale Tire, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa. 39. Bognacki, Casimir, “LaGuardia Airport Polymer Con- crete Overlay,” Port Authority of New York and New Jer- sey, 1998. 40. Choi, D., D.W. Fowler, and D.L. Wheat, “Thermal Stresses in Polymer Concrete Overlays,” Properties and Uses of Polymers in Concrete, ACI Special Publication No. 166, 1996, pp. 93–122. 41. Letsch, R.H., “Polymer Mortar Overlay—Measurement of Stresses,” ICPIC ’87: The Production Performance and Potential of Polymers in Concrete, 5th International Congress, Brighton, England, Sep. 22–24, 1987, pp. 119–126. 42. Ahn, N. and D.W. Fowler, “Effects of Metallic Monomers on the Bond Strength of Polymer Concrete to Wet Sub- strates,” 9th International Congress on Polymers in Con- crete: ICPIC ’98, Bologna, Italy, Sep. 14–18, 1998, pp. 199–216. 43. Sprinkel, M.M., D.S. Roosevelt, G.W. Flintsch, E. Izeppi, and D.W. Mokarem, Evaluation of the Cargill Safelane™ Surface Overlay, VTRC 09-R8, Virginia Transportation Research Council, Charlottesville, Jan. 2009. 44. Meggers, D., Unpublished report, Kansas Department of Transportation, Topeka, 2009. 45. Specification for Type ES (Epoxy Slurry) Polymer Over- lay for Bridge and Parking Garage Decks, ACI Standard, Reported by ACI Committee 548, ACI 548.9-08, Ameri- can Concrete Institute, Farmington, Hills, Mich., 2008. 46. ASTM D4263, Test Method for Indicating Moisture in Concrete by the Plastic Sheet Method, ASTM, West Con- shohocken, Pa. 47. Hsu, H., D.W. Fowler, M. Miller, and D.R. Paul, An Inves- tigation of the Use of Polymer-Concrete Overlays for Bridge Decks, FHWA/TX-79/36+114-7, CFHR 3-9-71- 114-7, Center for Highway Research, The University of Texas at Austin, March 1979, 146 pp. 48. Carter, P.D., “A Procedure for Determining Performance of Thin Polymer Overlays on Alberta Bridge Decks,” In- Place Performance of Polymer Concrete Overlays, ACI Special Publication No. 169, 1997, pp. 107–121.