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41 APPENDIX A Survey Forms Driver Distraction Screening Survey for Motor Carrier and Motor Coach Managers August 4, 2011 This survey is being distributed as part of the Transportation Research Board Commercial Truck & Bus Safety Synthesis Program project MC-24: Distracted Driving Countermeasures for Commercial Vehicles. The project examines distracted driving, with emphasis on commercial drivers, and the effectiveness of counter- distraction devices. The approach consists of both literature review and surveys of industry professionals to assess the current state of practice. For purposes of this survey, distracted driving for commercial drivers is defined as attending to tasks not directly related to operating the vehicle. (Driver interaction with integrated displays and controls implemented by the vehicle manufacturer is considered to be part of vehicle operation, as well as reading and comprehending roadside signage.) As a trucking industry professional your knowledge and opinions are important to this study. This survey seeks your input on various driver distraction issues. The survey will take about 10 minutes to complete. There is also a space for your comments and suggestions. Final research results will be provided to interested parties and stakeholders, but all information provided by you will be kept strictly confidential! The information collected from this survey will not be used for any other purposes. This screening survey will be followed by a small number of structured interviews with fleet managers as to current and potential tactics and training methodologies to aid motor carriers / drivers in avoiding a crash through awareness of dangerous actions and possible countermeasures. Thank you for your participation and support! If you would like us to send you a copy of the projectâs final report, please complete information below: Name:_____________________________ Phone:_____________________________ Company:__________________________ Email:_____________________________ Job Title: ___________________________ Background Information 1. Number of years you have been a manager for commercial vehicle operations:_____ years 2. Your approximate number of years experience in commercial vehicle operations: _____ years 3. Please estimate the percent of your work time focused primarily on safety concerns (as opposed to other, non-safety management areas such as operational management, administration, and sales): _______ % 4. Number of power units in your companyâs fleet: _______ power units
42 6. What is your primary type of business? (check all that apply) Truckload Less-than-Truckload Bulk/Tankers Hazmat Specialized Private Fleet Other (please specify): _________________________________________________________ 7. What type of truck drivers do you primarily employ? (check all that apply) Employee Drivers Owner-Operators with own authority Leased Owner-Operators/Independent Contractors Role of Driver Distraction in the Overall Safety Picture 1. Driver distraction, from all sources (internal and external), is a significant safety issue for my fleet operations. Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree 2. Driver distraction from driversâ personal electronic devices brought into the vehicle is, in particular, a significant safety issue for my fleet operations. (Personal electronic devices are defined here as cell phones, smart phones, electronic tablets (such as iPads), and portable music players (such as iPods).) Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree 3. Driver distraction from job-related electronic devices (i.e., dispatch and/or customer interface) is, in particular, a significant safety issue for my fleet operations. Please provide any further comments on your view of safety management issues relating to driver distraction. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Assessment of Distracted Driving 1. Please indicate which of the following behaviors while driving you believe constitute distracted driving (select all that apply): passenger interactions personal: eating, drinking, smoking Private Fleet: local/short-haul Passenger carrier: long-haul Passenger carrier: local transit Other (please specify): _________________________________________________________ 5. How would you characterize your fleetâs primary operation (select one) For hire: local/short-haul (less than 100 miles from home base) For hire: long-haul (over 500 miles from home base) Private Fleet: long-haul
43 2. Please indicate which of the following devices you believe contribute to distracted driving (select as many as applicable): Please provide any further comments on your view of behavioral- and device-related driver distraction. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Identification of Effective Distracted Driving Countermeasures Please indicate which of the following distracted driving countermeasures you believe to be effective (whether present or not in your current operations) External to Company Internal to Company Internal to Vehicle insurance penalties for phone-linked crashes increased fines for crashes with cell phone use cell phone prohibition laws broad education campaigns on risk of driving while using cell phones in particular broad education campaigns on risks of distracted driving in general maintaining a strong safety culture strong focus on recruiting drivers with a demonstrated safety record clear employee policies and consequences for policy violation specific training techniques Please elaborate:__________________________________________________________ having a post-incident coaching tool (or metric) that addresses potential distraction issues that could have played a role in a safety critical event company policy banning use of all personal communication devices while driving company policy only banning cell phone use while driving company policy only allowing hands-free or voice-operated communication devices while driving fleet managers locking out certain functions on employer-provided communication devices use of in-vehicle placards to remind drivers to âstay alertâ paying careful attention to placement of aftermarket devices within vehicle to minimize distraction providing messaging from dispatcher with different levels of urgency so that driver can defer reading non-emergency messages using active safety systems to augment driverâs situational awareness and improve reaction time physiological monitoring of driver attention placement (typically head- or eye-trackers) and warning driver when needed monitoring systems that provide retrospective feedback on the driverâs distraction state personal electronic devices job-related electronic and/or dispatching devices aftermarket active safety systems (lane departure warning, forward collision warning, etc.) onboard entertainment systems GPS navigation systems Weigh-in-motion or vehicle-in-motion inspections other (please specify) ___________________________________________________________ texting/dialing on mobile phone searching for objects in the cab reaching for objects in the cab adjusting on-board entertainment or climate control systems other (please specify)____________________________________________________________ personal: grooming/hygiene reading a map or directions reading billboards talking on mobile phone (hand-held) talking on mobile phone (hands-free)
44 other (please specify) _______________________________________________________________ Please provide any further comments on effective driver distraction countermeasures. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Assessment of Driver-Machine Interface Techniques A series of questions assessing opinions on the relative effectiveness of (a) audible, (b) visual, and (c) haptic means of communicating information to the driver via devices not integrated into the vehicle 1. Please indicate your view of the effectiveness of driver warnings based on audible alerts. 2. Please indicate your view of the effectiveness of driver warnings based on visual alerts. 3. Please indicate your view of the effectiveness of driver warnings based on haptic alerts (such as a vibrating seat or steering wheel). 4. Please indicate your view of the effectiveness of graded warnings (early indication of potential issue with warning escalating as situation becomes more risky) versus single stage warnings. Please provide any further comments on your view of effective driver-vehicle interfaces. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Follow-Up Please indicate here if you would be willing to participate in a follow-up interview of approximately ½ hour, focusing on your fleetâs experience with distracted driving issues. Thank you for your time. Please submit your survey in one of the following ways. Email: richardbishop@mindspring.com Fax: Richard Bishop, Bishop Consulting, 443 200 1225 Other Highly Effective Effective Neutral Ineffective Highly Ineffective Highly Effective Effective Neutral Ineffective Highly Ineffective Highly Effective Effective Neutral Ineffective Highly Ineffective Highly Effective Effective Neutral Ineffective Highly Ineffective Yes No conducting observations / ride-alongs to assess driverâs behavior and provide feedback use of on-board safety monitoring systems which capture video of the driver and traffic environment when extreme maneuvers occur to identify training needs