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11
Chapter 1
Introduction
NCFRP Report 16 is the final report of NCFRP Project 24, worth $39,000 was delivered to every person in the United
"Preserving and Protecting Freight Infrastructure and Routes" States in 2007. When considering the distance involved in
(FY 2009). An important aspect of freight preservation and transporting this freight, an average of 11,000 ton-miles was
protection activities is the prevention or resolution of potential delivered to every person in the country. To gain perspective
conflicts between land use for freight transportation purposes on the amount of transportation involved, this is equivalent
and alternative uses. to carrying one ton of freight for every man, woman, and
This report child in the United States 11,000 miles, or each of the 42 tons
of freight for every person over 260 miles.
· Presents information about freight transportation and its
Quite simply, the highly specialized system of producing
importance to everyday life; and distributing products to consumers that is the cornerstone
· Illustrates types of conflicts between freight and other land
of our economy could not exist without the freight transpor-
uses, as well as their consequences; and tation network. Freight is hauled by various transportation
· Provides tools and resources to preserve freight facilities
modes--truck, rail, air, water--and combinations of these
and corridors, including prevention and resolution of these
modes. The choice of transportation modes or combinations
conflicts.
of modes depends on a number of factors including type and
The target audience for this study consists of decision value of commodity, shipment size, distance, and desired
makers involved in freight facility operations, freight trans- speed and reliability of transportation.
portation planning, and land-use decisions. This includes
state departments of commerce and transportation, MPOs,
Conflicts between Freight
local officials and their planning offices, legislators and their
and Other Land Uses
staffs, freight facility developers, freight operators, and real
estate concerns. U.S. economic and population growth creates increasing
competition for the land resources underlying the freight
transportation infrastructure. Amid such competition, a key
The Importance of to preserving freight transportation facilities and corridors is
Freight Transportation to prevent or resolve conflicts between freight-transportation-
A smoothly functioning freight transportation network related services and other land uses. Some conflicts are obvious,
is essential to the operation of the U.S. economy. Efficient such as bridge interference with the vertical clearance of rail-
freight transportation is a very important part of producing road corridors or other shipping lanes. Other conflicts may
products and getting them to consumers. Freight transpor- not be as apparent, such as noise, vibration, or environmental
tation services are combined with other logistics inputs such effects caused by freight activities.
as warehouses, inventories, and information technology in From the perspective of the community at large, these
order to provide goods and services to final consumers in a conflicts generally lead to nuisance, safety, or health concerns.
timely fashion. From the perspective of freight interests, these conflicts
According to the most recent information from the U.S. can create barriers to efficient transportation that diminish
Commodity Flow Survey (CFS), on average, 42 tons of freight economic performance.
