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SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DEGREES. 93 S&E PH.D. DEGREES: INSTITUTION GOVERNANCE For public academic institutions, annual Ph.D. production in the sciences and engineering nearly quadrupled during the 1960s and early 1970sâfrom 3,300 in 1958 to 12,500 in 1973âthen declined to 11,100 by 1978, rising to 13,600 by 1988. For private academic institutions, the annual Ph.D. production in the sciences and engineering nearly tripled during the 1960s and early 1970s, from 2,500 in 1958 to 6,500 in 1973, then declined to 5,300 by 1978, rising to 6,600 by 1988. Figure 2-96: Science and Engineering Ph.D. Degrees by Institution Governance Figure 2-97: Distribution of Science and Engineering Ph.D. Degrees by Institution Governance NOTE: Data series within the figures are not overlapping; top line represents total. DEFINITION OF TERMS: Science and engineering Ph.D degrees include the following fields: Life sciences, including agricultural, biological, medical, and other health sciences; physical sciences including astronomy, chemistry, and physics; engineering including aeronautical and astronautical, chemical, civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering; environmental sciences including oceanography, atmospheric and earth sciences; mathematics and computer science including all fields of mathematics and computer-related sciences; and social and other sciences include economics, political science, psychology, sociology. Academic institutions offering Ph.D.s in the sciences and engineering include (1) all doctoral institutions, 116 public and 69 private, which have granted an average of 10 or more Ph.D. degrees per year in the natural sciences or engineering over the past two decades and (2) several of the 370 public and 854 private comprehensive institutions, which grant at least half of their degrees for courses of study that normally require 4 or more years to complete. Public institutions include higher education institutions under the control ofâor affiliated withâfederal, state, local, state and local, or state-related agencies. Private institutions are higher education institutions under the control ofâor affiliated withânon-profit, independent organizations with no religious affiliation, or non-profit organizations with a religious affiliation. SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Division of Policy Research and Analysis. Database: CASPAR. Some of the data within this database are estimates, incorporated where there are discontinuities within data series or gaps in data collection. Primary data source: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS): Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred.
