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Recognition and Alleviation of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals (1992)
Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (ILAR)

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. "7 Euthanasia." Recognition and Alleviation of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1992.

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Recognition and Alleviation of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals

TABLE 7-2 General Recommendations for Euthanasia (Categorized by Species)

Species

Agent or Method

Dogs and cats

Barbiturates

Carbon dioxidea (small dogs)

Ferrets

Barbiturates

Rabbits

Barbiturates

Stunningb

Cervical dislocation (small rabbits)

Carbon dioxidea

Rodents

Carbon dioxidea

Barbiturates

Cervical dislocation (< 200 g)

Stunningb

Decapitation

Nonhuman primates

Barbiturates

Birds

Carbon dioxidea

Barbiturates

Cervical dislocation

Decapitation

Stunningb

Snakes and lizards

Barbiturates or inhalant anesthetics

Stunningb

Turtles, terrapins, and tortoises

Barbiturates or inhalant anesthetics

Stunningb

Crocodilians

Barbiturates

Gunshot

Frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders

Stunningb

Anesthetic overdose

Tricaine methanesultate (MS 222)

Fish

Stunningb

Tricaine methanesultate (MS 222)

a Not suitable for newborn or newly hatched animals.

b Followed by immediate killing by another method.

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113