| Copyright © 2009. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Terms of Use and Privacy Statement |
Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page 259
References
ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists). 1986.
Documentation of the Biological Exposure Indices. Cincinnati, Ohio:
American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists. 49 pp.
ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists).
1988a. Advances in Air Sampling. Chelsea, Mich.: Lewis. 409 pp.
ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists).
1988b. TLVs, Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices, for
1988-1989. Cincinnati, Ohio: American Conference of Government Indus-
trial Hygienists.
Agarawal, J.K., and B.Y.H. Liu. 1980. A criterion for accurate aerosol sam-
pling in calm air. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 41:191-197.
Akland, G.G., T.D. Hartwell, T.R. Johnson, and R.W. Whitmore. 1985.
Measuring human exposure to carbon monoxide in Washington, D.C., and
Denver, Colorado during the winter of 1982-1983. Environ. Sci. Technol.
19:911-918.
Alak, A.M., and T. Vo-Dinh. 1988. Surface-enhanced reman spectrometry
of chlorinated pesticides. Anal. Chim. Acta 206:333-337.
Albert, R.E., J. Lewtas, S. Nesnow, T.W. Thorslund, and E. Anderson. 1983.
Comparative potency method for cancer risk assessment: Application to
diesel particulate emissions. Risk Anal. 3:101-117.
All, Z., L.P. Thomas, and J.F. Aider. 1989. Denuder tubes for sampling of
gaseous species: A review. Analyst 114:759-769.
Amdur, M.O., A.~. Sarofim, M. Nenlle, RJ. Quann, J.F. McCarthy, J.~.
Elliott, H.F. Lam, A.E. Rogers, and M.W. Conner. 1986. Coal combustion
aerosols and sulfur dioxide: An interdisciplinary analysis. Environ. Sci.
Technol. 20:138-145.
259
OCR for page 260
260 ASSESSING HUMAN EXPOSURE
Ames, B.N., R. Magaw, and L.S. Gold. 1987. Ranking possible Carcinogenic
hazards. Science 236:271-280.
Andelman, J.B. 1985. Inhalation exposure in the home to volatile organic
contaminants of drinking water. Sci. Total Environ. 47:443-460.
Andersen, M.E. 1987. Tissue dosunetry in risk assessment, or what's the
problem here anyway? Pp. 8-23 in Pharmacokinetics ~ Risk Assessment.
Driving Water and Health, Vol. 8. Washington, D.C.: National Academy
Press.
Andersen, M.R. 1988. Sample injection in supercritical fluid chromatography.
LC-GC 6:566, 568, 570.
Andersen, M.Ee, HJ. Clewell III, MeL. Gargas, Fat. Smith, and R.H. Rein.
1987. Physiologically based pharmacokinetics and the risk assessment
process for methylene chloride. To~ncol. Appl. Pharmacol. 87:185-205.
Anderson, M.R., J.T. Swanson, N.L. Porter, and B.E. Richter. 1989. Super-
critical fluid as a sample introduction method for chromatography. J.
Chromatogr. 27:371-377.
Angell, J.B., I.H. Jerman, S.C. Terry, and S. Saadat. 1980. A Prototype Gas
Analysis System Using a Miniature Gas Chromatograph. DHHS (NIOSH)
Publication No. 81-115. Cincinnati, Ohio: National Institute for Occupa-
tional Safety and Health. 70 pp. Available from NTIS as PBS1-201394.
Annest, J.L., J.L. Pickle, D. Makuc, J.W. Neese, D.D. Bayse, and M.G. Kovac.
1983. Chronological trend in blood lead levels between 1976 and 1980. N.
Engl. J. Med. 308:1373-1377.
Arey, J., B. Zielinska, R. Atkinson, and A.M. Winer. 1988. Formation of
nitroarenes during ambient high-volume sampling. Environ. Sci. Technol.
22:457-462.
Arnold, M^. 1983. An introduction to biocatalytic membrane electrodes.
Am. Lab. 15:34.
Asano, K.G., G.L. Glish, and S^. McLuckey. 1988. Coupling of an atmo-
spheric sampling ion source with an ion trap mass spectrometer. Pp. 636-
637 in Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry
and Allied Topics, 5-10 June 1988, San Francisco, Calif.
Ashby, J. 1988. Comparison of techniques for monitoring human exposure
to genoto~nc chemicals. Mutat. Res. 204:543-551.
Ashford, N^. 1986. Policy considerations for human monitoring in the
workplace. J. Occup. Med. 28:563-568.
ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services Public Health Service). 1988. The Nature
and Extent of Lead Poisoning in Children in the United States: A Report
OCR for page 261
REFERENCES 261
to Congress. July 1988. Atlanta, Gal: Public Health Service, U.S. Depart-
ment of Health and Human Services. Available from NTIS as PB89-
100184.
Austin, W.B., and C.F. Phillips. 1983. Development and implementation of
a health surveillance system. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 44:638-642.
Autrup, H., K^. Bradley, A.K.M. Shamsuddin, J. W~chisi, and A. Wasunna.
1983. Detection of putative adJuct with fluorescence characteristics iden-
tical to 2,3-diLydro-2-~7'-guanyl)-3-hydrox~aflatonn Be in human urine
collected in Murang~a district, Kenya. Carc~nogenesis 4:1193-1195.
Axelson, O., C. Edling, and H. Kling. 1979. Lung cancer and residency: A
case-referent study on the possible impact of exposure to radon and its
daughters In dwellings. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health 5:10-15.
Baker, E.L., Jr., C.G. Hayes, PJ. Landrigan, J.L. Handke, R.T. Leger, WJ.
Housworth, and J.M. Harrington. 1977. A nationwide survey of heavy
metal absorption in children living near primary copper, lead, and zinc
smelters. Am. J. Epidemiol. 106:261-273.
Barnett, W.B. 1988. User interface design for analytical instruments: Art or
science? Anal. Chem. 60:1169-1175.
Bartsch, H., K. Hemminki, and I.K. O'Neill, eds. 1988. Methods for Detect-
ing DNA Damaging Agents in Humans: Applications in Cancer
Epidemiology and Prevention. IARC Scientific Publications No. 89. Lyon:
International Agency for Research on Cancer.
Bates, D.V., and R. Sizto. 1987. Hospital admissions and air pollutants in
southern Ontario: The acid summer haze effect. Environ. Res. 43:317-331.
Bates, DeB., M. Baker-Anderson, and R. Sizto. 1990. Asthma attack peri-
odicity: A study of hospital emergency visits in Vancouver. Environ. Res.
51:51-70.
Bauer, M^., MJ. Utell, D.M. Speers, F.R. Gibb, P.E. Morrow. 1988. Ef-
fects of near ambient levels of sulfuric acid aerosol on lung function in
exercising subjects with asthma and COPD. Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. 137~4, Pt.
2~:A167.
Becher, G., and A. Bjorseth. 1983. Determination of exposure to polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons by analysis of human urine. Cancer Lett. 17:301-
311.
Benner, R.L., and D.H. Stedman. 1989. Universal sulphur detection by
chemiluminescence. Anal. Chem. 61:1268-1271.
Benzer, S., and E. Freese. 1958. Induction of specific mutations with 5-bro-
mouracil. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 44:112-119.
Berg, J.D., and B.M. Buckley. 1987. Rapid measurement of anticon~lsant
drug concentration in the outpatient clinic, using HPLC with direct
injection of plasma. Ann. Clin. Biochem. 24~5~:488-93.
OCR for page 262
262 ASSESSING NUMAN EXPOSURE
Berglund, B., U. Berglund, and T. Engen. 1987. Do sick buildings affect
human performance? How should one assess them? Pp. 477-481 in Indoor
Air '87, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Indoor Air
Quality and Climate, Vol. 2, B. Seifert, H. Esdorn, M. Fischer, H. Ruden,
and J. Wegner, eds. Berlin: Institute for Water, Soil and Air Hygiene.
Beveridge, A. 1983. Reliability In large-scale surveys: The case of the annual
housing survey. Unpublished manuscript presented at the annual meeting
of the American Association of Public Opinion Research, May 1983, Buck-
hiDs Falls, Penn.
Baseman, TV. 1985. High volume collection of organic vapors using solid
absorbents. Pp. 51-100 in Trace Analysis, Vol. 4, J.F. Lawrence, ed. New
York: Academic Press.
Bidleman, T.~. 1988. Atmospheric processes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 22:361
367.
Bidleman, T.~., and W.T. Foreman. 1987. Vapor-particle partitioning of
semivolatile organic compounds. Pp. 27-56 in Sources and Fates of Aquatic
Pollutants, R^. Hites and SJ. Eisenreich, eds. ACS Advances in Che-
mistry Series, No. 216, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.
Bidleman, T.F., W.N. Billings, and W.T. Foreman. 1986. Vapor-particle
partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds: Estimates from field
collections. Environ. Sci. Technol. 20:1038-1043.
Biller, W.F., T.B. Feagans, T.R. Johnson, G.M. Duggan, Rut. Paul, T. Mc-
Curdy, and H.C. Thomas. 1981. A general model for estimating exposure
associated with alternative NAAQS. Paper No. 81-18.4 in Proceedings of
the 74th Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution Control Association, 21-26
June 1981, Philadelphia, Pa. 25 pp.
Bird, R.B., W.E. Stewart, and E.N. Lightfoot. 1960. Transport Phenomena.
New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Bishop, G., R. Oldendick, and A. Tuchfarber. 1982. Effects of presenting
one versus two sides of an issue. Public Opinion Quarterly 46:69-85.
Blacha, P.D., G.B. Howe, R.K.M. Jayanty, and DJ. van Lehmden. 1988.
Development of an automated cryogenic Reconcentration system for analy-
sis of toxic gaseous organics at parts-per-billion (ppb) levels ENVR-061.
Abstracts of Papers of the Third Chemical Congress of North America, 5-
10 June 1988, Toronto, Canada.
Blumberg, W.E., J. Eisinger, AA. Lamola, and D.M. Zuckerman. 1977. Zinc
protoporphyrin level in blood determined by a portable hematoliluorome-
ter: A screening device for lead poisoning. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 89:712-723.
Blurton, K.F., and J.R. Stetter. 1978. A sensitive electrochemical detector for
gas chromatography. J. Chromatogr. 155:35-45.
OCR for page 263
REFERENCES 263
Borman, S^. 1982. New electroanalytical pulse techniques. Anal. Chem.
54~6~:698-705.
Boughton, B^., J.M. Delaurentis, and W.E. Dunn. 1987. A stochastic model
of particle dispersion In the atmosphere. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 40:
147-163.
Boulos, B.M. 1985. Risk assessment to exposure to polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons: All overview. Pp. 215-226 In Polynuclear Aromatic Hydro-
carbons: Mechanisms, Methods, and Metabolism, 8th International Sympo-
sium, M. Cooke and AJ. Dennis, eds. Columbus, Ohio: Battelle Press.
Bourne, S., G. Reedy, P. Coffey, and D. Mattson. 1984. Matrix isolation
GC/FTIR. Am. Laborat. 16~6~:90.
Bowne, N.E., and RJ. Londergan. 1983. Overview, Results, and Conclusions
for the EPRI Plume Model Validation and Development Project: Plows
Site. Report No. EA~3074e Prepared byTRCEnv~ronmentalConsultants,
Inc., East Hartford, Conn. Palo Alto, Calif.: Electric Power Research
Institute. 225 pp.
Bradburn, N.M., and S. Sudman. 1988. Polls and Surveys: Understanding
What They Tell Us. LC88-42778 (Social and Behavioral Science Series).
San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Bradburn, N., L. Rips, and S. Shevel. 1987. Answering autobiographical
questions: Impact of memory and inference on surveys. Science 236:157-
161.
Brandt-Rauf, P.W. 1988. New markers for monitoring occupational cancer:
The example of oncogene proteins. J. Occup. Med. 30:399-404.
Breslin, J^., and R.L. Stein. 1975. Efficiency of dust sampling inlets in calm
air. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 36:576-583.
Brief, R.S. 1960. A simple way to determine air contaminants. Air Eng.
2:39~1.
Briggs, GA. 1969. Plume Rise. Oak Ridge, Tenn.: Division of Technical
Information, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. 81 pp. Available from
NTIS as TID 25075.
Briggs, GA. 1971. Some recent analysis of plume rise observation. Pp.
1029-1032 in Proceedings of the 2nd International Clean Air Conference,
H.M. Englund and W.T. Berry, eds., 6-11 December 1970, Washington,
D.C. New York: Academic Press.
Britten, AJ. 1989. Can your GC system find nitrogen in this flower? Res.
Dev. 31~9~:77-80.
Brown, S.D. 1986. The Kalman Filter in analytical chemistry. Anal. Chim.
Acta 181:1-29.
OCR for page 264
264 ASSESSING HUMAN EXPOSURE
Bryant, M.S., P.L. Skipper, S.R. Tannenbaum, and M. Maclure. 1987. Hemo-
giobin adJucts of ~aminobiphenyl in smokers and nonsmokers. Cancer
Res. 47:602-608.
Burlingame, A.L., K. Straub, and T^. Baillie. 1983. Mass spectrometric
studies on the molecular basis of xenobiotic-induced toxicities. Mass. Spec-
trom. Rev. 2:331-387.
Busch, K.L., Glish, G.L., and S^. McLuckey. 1988. Mass Spectrometry/
Mass Spectrometry: Techniques and Applications of Tandem Mass Spec-
trometry. New York: VCH Publishers. 333 pp.
Buttner, WJ., G. J. Maclay, and J.R. Stetter. 1990. Microfabricated ampero-
metric gas sensors with an integrated design. Sensors and Materials 2~2~:
99-106.
Calabrese, EJ. 1987. Animal extrapolation: A look inside the to~ncologist's
black box. Environ. Sci. Technol. 21:618-623.
CaBeman, CJ. 1984. Hemoglobin as a Dose Monitor and its Application to
the Risk Estimation of Ethylene O'nde. Ph.D. Thesis. Department of
Radiobiology, University of Stockholm. University of Stockholm: Stock-
holm, Sweden.
Calleman, CJ., L. Ehrenberg, B. Jansson, S. Osterman-Golkar, D. Segerback,
K. Svensson, and C^. Wachtmeister. 1978. Monitoring and risk assess-
ment by means of alkyl ~oups in hemoglobin in persons occupationally
exposed to ethylene o~nde. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 2:427-442.
Caprio, RJ., H.L. Margulis, and M.M. Joselow. 1974. Lead absorption in
children and its relation to urban traff~c densities. Arch. Environ. Health
28:195-197.
CarieDo, N.F., and W.G. Thilly. 1986. Use of gradient denaturing gels to
determine mutational spectrum in human cells. Basic Life Sci. 38:439-452.
Cariello, N.F., J.K. Scott, A.G. Kat, W.G. Thilly, and P. Keohavong. 1988.
Resolution of a missense mutant in human genomic DNA by denaturing
gradient gel electrophoresis and direct sequencing using in vitro DNA
amplification: HPRT Munich. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 42:726-734.
Carrano, A.V., and A.T. Natarajan. 1988. Considerations for population
monitoring using cytogenetic techniques. Mutat. Res. 204:379-406.
Carrico, J.P., A.W. Davis, D.N. Campbell, J.E. Roehl, G.R. Sima, G.E. Span-
gler, K.N. Vora, and RJ. White. 1986. Chemical detection and alarm for
hazardous chemicals. Am. Lab. 18:152, 155-7,159-163.
Casuccio, G.S., P.B. Janocko, RJ. Lee, J.F. Kelly, S.L. Dattner, and J.S. Mge-
broff. 1983. The use of computer controlled scanning electron microscopy
in environmental studies. J. Air Pollut. Contr. Assoc. 33:937-943.
OCR for page 265
REFERENCES 265
Cautreels, W., and K. Van Cauwenberghe. 1978. Experiments on the distri-
bution of organic pollutants between airborne particulate matter and the
corresponding gas phase. Atmos. Environ. 12:1133-1142.
CDC (Center for Disease Control, U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services Public Health Service). 1985. Preventing Lead Poisoning in
Young Children: A Statement. January 1985. Atlanta, Gal: Center for
Disease Control, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Public
Health Service.
Chaney, R.L., and H.W. Mielke. 1986. Standards for soil lead limitations in
the United States. Trace Subst. Environ. Health 20:357-377.
Chaney, R.L., S.B. Sterrett, and H.W. Mielke. 1984. The potential for heavy
metal exposure from urban gardens and soils. Pp. 37-84 in Proceedings of
the Symposium on Heavy Metals In Urban Gardens, J.R. Freer, ed.
Washington, D.C.: Columbia Extension Seance.
Chang, S.-C., and J.R. Stetter. 1990. Electrochemical NO2 gas sensors:
Model and mechanism for the electroreduction of NO2. Electroanal. 2:359-
365
Chang, J.S., R^. Brost, I.S^. Isaksen, S. Madronich, P. Middleton, W.R.
Stockwell, and CJ. Walcek. 1987. A three-dimensional eularian acid
deposition model: Physical concepts and formulation. J. Geophys. Res.
92:14,681-14,700.
Chapin, F. 1974. Human Activity Patterns in the City: Things People Do In
Tirne and In Space. New York: Wiley-Intersc~ence. 272 pp.
Chemical & Engineering News. 1989. Instrumentation '89. Chem. Eng.
News. 67~12~:26-35.
Chester, T.L. 1986. The role of supercritical fluid chromatography in analy-
tical chemistry. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 24:226-229.
Chester, T.L., and D.P. Innis. 1985. Retention in capillary supercritical fluid
chromatography. J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Commun.
8:561-566.
Childers, J.W., N.K. Wilson, and R.K. Barbour. 1987. Gas chromatography/
matrix isolation infrared spectrometry for the analysis of organic com-
pounds ~ r. Pp. 57-62 in Proceedings of the 1987 EPA/APCA Sympo-
sium on Measurement of Toxic and Related Air Pollutants. Research
Triangle Park, N.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Air
Pollution Control Association.
Chrisp, C.E., and G.L. Fisher. 1980. Mutagenicity of airborne particles
Mutat. Res. 76:143-164.
Clark, L.C., Jr., R. Wolf, D. Granger, and Z. Taylar. 1953. Continuous re-
cording of blood oxygen tensions by polarography. J. Appl. Physiol. 6:189-
193.
OCR for page 266
266 ASSESSING HUMAN EXPOSURE
CMA (Chemical Manufacturers Association). 1987. Guidance for Estimating
Furtive Emissions, Vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: Chemical Manufacturers
Association. July 1987.
CMA (Chemical Manufacturers Association). 1989. Improving Air Quality
Guidance for Estimating Fugitive Emissions from Equipment, Vol. 2.
Washington, D.C.: Chemical Manufacturers Association. January 1989.
182 pp.
Cochran, W.G. 1963. Sampling Techniques, 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley
& Sons. 413 pp.
Committee on Biological Markers of the National Research Council. 1987.
Biolog~c~ markers In environmental health research. Environ. Health
Perspect. 74:3-9.
Converse, J., and S. Presser. 1986. Survey Questions: Handcrafting the
Survey Questionnaire. Beverly Hills, CaliŁ: Sage.
Cooper, D.W., and M. Horowitz. 1986. Exposures from indoor powder
releases: Models and experiments. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 47:21~218.
Cooper, J^., and J.G. Watson. 1979. Final Report Summary of the Portland
Aerosol Characterization Study (PACS). Paper 79-29.4. Air Pollution
Control Association, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15 pp.
Cooper, J^., and J.G. Watson. 1980. Receptor-oriented methods of air
particulate source apportionment. J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 30:1116-
1125.
Core, J.E., J^. Cooper, P.L. Haurahan, and W.M. Cow 1982. Particulate
dispersion model evaluation: A new approach using receptor models. J.
Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 32:1142-1147.
Corn, M., and NA. Esmen. 1979. Workplace exposure zones for classifi-
cation of employee exposures to physical and chemical agents. Am. Ind.
Hyg. Assoc. J. 40:47-57.
Coutant, R.W., L. Brown, J.C. Chuang, R.M. Riggin, and R.G. Led. 1988.
Phase distribution and artifact formation in ambient air sampling for poly-
nuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Atmos. Environ. 22:403-410.
Halsey, J.M., and L^. Gundel. 1989. Tracing the Sources of Indoor Aero-
sols Using Combustion-Evolved Gas Analysis. Paper No. 89-145.3 present-
ed at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Air and Waste Management Asso-
ciation, 25-30 June 1989, Anaheim, Calif. 13 pp.
Daisey, J.M., and A.T. Hodgson. 1989. Initial efficiencies of air cleaners for
the removal of nitrogen dioxide and volatile organic compounds. Atmos.
Environ. 23:1885-1892.
Daisey, J.M., and TJ. Kneip. 1980. Atmospheric particulate organic matter:
Multivariate models for identifying sources and estimating their contribu-
tions to the ambient aerosol. Pp. 197-221 in Atmospheric Aerosol:
OCR for page 267
REFERENCES 267
Source/Air Quality Relationships, E.S. Mascias and P.K. Hopke, eds. ACS
Symposium Series No. 167. Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Soci-
ety.
Daisey, J.M., TJ. Kneip, I. Hawryluk, and F. Mukai. 1980. Seasonal varia-
tions in the bacterial mutagenicity of airborne particulate organic matter
New York City. Environ. Sci. Technol. 14:1487-1490.
Daisey, J.M., J.L. Cheney, PJ. Lioy. 1986. Profiles of organic particulate
emissions for air polDution sources: Status and needs for receptor source
apportionment modeling. J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 36:17-33.
Da~sey' J.M., J.D. Spengler, and P. Kaarakka. 1989. A comparison of the
organic chemical composition of indoor aerosols during woodburn~ng and
non-woodburning periods. Environ. Int. 15:435-442.
Danheiser, S.L., ILL. Liber, and W.G. Thilly. 1989. Long-term, low-dose
benzoia~pyrene-induced mutation in human lymphoblasts competent in
xenobiotic metabolism. Mutat. Res. 210:143-147.
Davis, D.L., and S. Gusman. 1982. Exposure assessment introduction. Toxic.
Subst. J. 4:~11.
de Monchy, A.R., A.R. Forster, J.R. Arretteig, L. Le. and S.N. Deming. 1988.
Expert systems for the analytical laboratory. Anal. Chem. 60:1355-1361.
De Bortoli, M., H. Knoppel, E. Pecchio, A. Peil, L. Rogora, H. Schauenberg,
H. Schlitt, and H. Vissers. 1984. Integrating ~real-life" measurements of
organic pollution in indoor and outdoor air of homes in northern Italy. Pp.
21-26 In Indoor Air, Vol. 4: Chemical Characterization and Personal Expo-
sure, B. Berglund, T. Lindvall, and J. Sundell, eds. Stockholm, Sweden:
Swedish Council for Building Research.
De Soete, D., R. Gijbels, and J. Hostel 1972. Neutron Activation Analysis.
New York: Wiley-Interscience. 836 pp.
Demerjian, ILL., J^. Kerr, and J.G. Calvert. 1974. The mechanism of
photochemical smog formation. Adv. Environ. Sci. Technol. 4:1-262.
Deming, S.N., and S.L. Morgan. 1987. Experimental Design: A chemometric
approach. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science. 285 pp.
Dick, J.B., and D^. Thomas. 1951. Ventilation research in occupied houses.
J. Inst. Heat. Vent. Engrs. 19:279-305.
Dockery, D.W., and J.D. Spengler. 1981a. Personal exposure to respirable
particulates and sulfates. J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 31:153-159.
Dockery, D.W., and J.D. Spengler. 1981b. Indoor-outdoor relationships of
respirable sulfates and particles. Atmos. Environ. 15:335-344.
Dockery, D.W., J.D. Spengler, M.P. Reed, and J. Ware. 1981. Relationships
among personal, indoor and outdoor nitrogen dioxide measurements.
Environ. Int. 5:101-107.
OCR for page 268
268 ASSESSING HUA~1N EXPOSURE
Dr~scoll, J.N. 1977. Evaluation of a new photoionization detector for organic
compounds. J. Chromatogr. 134:49-55.
Drives, PJ., P. G. S~mmonds, and F.H. Shair. 1972. Experimental charac-
terization of ventilation systems in buildings. Environ. Sci. Technol. 6:609-
614.
Droz, P.O. 1985. The use of simulation models for setting BEIs for organic
solvents. Ann. Am. Conf. Gov. Ind. Hyg. 12:339-350.
Droz, P.O., and M.P. Guillemin. 1983. Human styrene exposure. V. Devel-
opment of a model for biological monitoring. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ.
Health 53:19-36.
Duan, N. 1981. Micro-Env~ronment Types: A Modelfor Human Exposure
to Air Pollution. SIMS Technical Report No. 47. Stanford, Calif.: De-
partment of Statistics, Stanford University. 24 pp.
Duan, N. 1982. Models for human exposure to air pollution. Environ. Int.
8:305-309
Duan, N. 1985. Application of the Microenvironment Monitoring Approach
to Assess Human Exposure to Carbon Monoxide. R-3222-EPA. Santa
Monica, Calif.: Rand Corporation. 88 pp. Available from NTIS asPB85-
228995.
Duan, N. 1989. Estimation of microenvironment concentration distributions
using integrated exposure measurements. Pp. 15-1-15-14 in Proceedings of
the Research Planning Conference on Human Activity Patterns, T.H.
Starks, ed. EPA/600/~89/004. Las Vegas, Nev.: Office of Research and
Development, U.S. Enviromnenta1 Protection Agency.
Dunn, B.P., and H.F. Stich. 1986. 32P-postlabeling analysis of aromatic DNA
abducts in human oral mucosal cells. Carcinogenesis 7:1115-1120.
Earp, R.F., and R.D. Cow 1984. Identification and quantitation of organics
in ambient air using multiple gas chromatographic detection. Pp. 159-169
in Identification and Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Air, L.H. Keith, ed.
Boston: Butterworth.
Eatough, DJ., C. Benner, R.L. Mooney, D. Bartholomew, D.S. Steiner, L.D.
Hansen, J.D. Lamb, Em. Lewis, and N.L. Eatough. 1986. Gas and parti-
cle phase nicotine in environmental tobacco smoke. Paper 86-68.5 in Pro-
ceedings of the 79th Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution Control Associa-
tion, 22-27 June 1986, Minneapolis, Minn. 15 pp.
Eatough, DJ., C.L. Benner, J.M. Bayona, G. Richards, J.D. Lamb, M.L. Lee,
EA. Lewis, and L.D. Hansen. 1989. The chemical composition of envi-
ronmental tobacco smoke. 1. Gas phase acids and bases. Environ. Sci.
Technol. 23:679-687.
OCR for page 269
REFERENCES 269
Ewing, C., H. Kling, and Oe Axelson. 1984. Radon in homes: A possible
cause of lung cancer. Scand. J. Work Environ. 10:25-34.
Eisinger, D.S., and B.S. Austin. 1987. Indoor Air Quality Problem Char-
acterization and Computer Simulation of Indoor Scenarios and Mitigation
Strategies. Draft report. Report No. SYSAPP-87/170. San Rafael, Calif.:
Systems Applications.
Eller, P.N., ed. 1984a. Acids, inorganic: Method 7903. Pp. 7903-1-7903~ In
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 3rd ea., Vol. 1. DHHS (NIOSH)
Pub. No. 84 100. Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S. Department of Health and Hu-
man Services.
filler, P.N., ed. 1984b. Acrolein: Method 2501. Pp. 2501-1-2501-4 In NIOSH
Manual of Analytical Methods, 3rd ea., Vol. 1. DHHS (NIOSH) Pub. No.
84100. Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S. Department of Health and Human Serv-
ices.
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1973. Regulation of Fuels
and Fuel Additives: Control of Lead Additives in Gasoline. December 6.
Fefde Regist. 38~2343:33733-33741.
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1976a. Quality Assurance Hand-
book for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Vol. 1, Principles. EPA-
600/9-76-005. Center for Environmental Research Information. Office of
Research and Development Publications Office, Cincinnati, Ohio.
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1976b. Quality Assurance Hand-
book for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Vol. 2, Ambient Air Specific
Methods. EPA-600/~7 7-027A. Center for Environmental Research
Information. Office of Research and Development Publications Office,
Cincinnati, Ohio.
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1978. Guideline on Air Qual-
ity Models. OAQPS No. 1.2-080. EPA/450/2-78/027. Research Triangle
Park, N.C.: Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Env~ron-
mental Protection Agency. April 1978. 91 pp. Available from NTIS as
PB288 783/4.
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1984a. Survey Management
Handbook. Vol. 1, Guidelines for Planning and Managing a Statistical
Survey. EPA-230/12-84 002. Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office.
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1984b. Survey Management
Handbook, Vol. 2, Overseeing the Technical Progress of a Survey Contract.
OCR for page 300
300 ASSESSING HUMAN EXPOSURE
Smith, L.L., G.M. Cohen, and W.N. Aldridge. 1986. Morphological and
biochemical correlates of chemical induced injury in the lung: A discus-
sion. Arch. Toxicol. 58:21~218.
Snyder, L.R., and JJ. Kirkland. 1979. Introduction to Modern Liquid Chro-
matography. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 863 pp.
Southern California Gas Company. 1986. Residential Indoor Air Quality
Characterization Study of Nitrogen Dioxide. Phase I, Vols. 1, 2, 3. Los
Angeles: Southern California Gas Company. October 1986.
Spandidos, Dot., and I.B. Kerr. 1984. Elevated expression of the human ras
oncogene family in premalignant and malignant tumours of the colorectum.
Br. J. Cancer 49:681-6~.
Specter, F.E. 1989. Studies of acid aerosols in six cities and in a new multi-
city investigation: Design issues. Environ. Health Perspect. 79:61-67.
Spektor, D.M., B.M. Yen, and M. Lippman. 1989. Effect of concentration
and cumulative exposure of inhaled sulfuric acid on tracheobronchial
particle clearance in healthy humans. Environ. Health Perspect. 79:167-
172.
Spengler, J.D., and K. Sexton. 1983. Indoor air pollution: A public health
perspective. Science 221:9-17.
Spengler, J.D., and M.L. Soczek. 1984. Evidence for improved ambient air
quality and the need for personal exposure research. Environ. Sci. Tech-
nol. 8:268A-270A, 272A-28OA.
Spengler, J.D., D.W. Dockery, WA. Turner, J.M. Wolfson, and B.G. Ferris,
Jr. 1981. Long-term measurements of respirable sulphates and particles
inside and outside homes. Atmos. Environ. 15:23-30.
Spengler, J.D., R.D. Treitman, T.D. Tosteson, D.T. Mage, and M.L. Soczek.
1985. Personal exposure to respirable Articulates and implications for air
pollution epidemiology. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19:700-707.
Spengler, J.D., M. Brauer, and P. Koutrakis. 1990. Acid air and health.
Environ. Sci. Technol. 24:946-956.
Spicer, C.W., R.W. Coutant, G.F. Ward, AJ. Gaynor, and I.H. Billick. 1986.
Removal of nitrogen dioxide from indoor air by residential materials. Pp.
568-583 in Proceedings of the ASHRAE Conference-IAQ'86: Managing
Indoor Air for Health and Energy Conservation, M. Geshwiler and B.
Wade, eds. Atlanta, Gal: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and
Air-Conditioning Engineers.
Spicer, C.W., R.W. Coutant, AJ. Gaynor, and I.H. Billick. 1987. Rates and
mechanisms of NO2 removal from indoor air by residential materials. Pp.
371-375 in Indoor Air '87, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference
on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Vol. 1, 17-21 August 1987, Berlin
(Weston Berlin: Institute for Water, Soil and Air Hygiene.
OCR for page 301
REFERENCES 301
Stafford, G.C., P.E. Kelly, J.E.P. Syka, W.E. Reynolds, and J.FJ. Todd. 1984.
Recent improvements ~ and analytical applications of advanced ion trap
technology. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 60:85-98.
Stetter, J.R. 1986. Electrochemical sensors, sensor arrays, and computer
algorithms. Pp. 2g9-309 In Fundamentals and Applications of Chemical
Sensors, D. Schuetzle and R. Hammerle, eds. ACS Symposium Series No.
309. Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society.
Stetter, J.R., and D.R. Rutt. 1980. Instrumental carbon monoxide dosimetry.
Am. Ind. Hyg. J. 41:704 712.
Stetter, J.R., D.R. Rutt, and K.F. Blurton. 1976. Portable gas chromatograph
and electrochemical detector for carbon monoxide. Anal. Chem. 48:921
925.
Stetter, J.R., J.M. Sedlak, and K.~. Blurton. 1977. Electrochemical gas chro-
matographic detection of hydrogen sulfide at PPM and PPB levels. J.
Chromatograph. Sci. 15:125-128.
Stetter, J.R., D.R. Rutt, and M.R. Graves. 1979. Electrochemical methods
for development of personal exposure monitors. Pp. 35-44 in Proceedings
of the Symposium on the Development of Usage of Personal Exposure
Monitors for Exposure and Health Effects Studies, January 1979, Chapel
Hill, N.C. Research Triangle Park, N.C.: U.S Environmental Protection
Agency.
Stetter, J.R., S. Zaromb, and M.W. Findlay, Jr. 1984. Monitoring of electro-
chemically inactive compounds by amperometric gas sensors. Sens. Actual.
6:269-288.
Stetter, J.R., P.C. Jurs, and S.L. Rose. 1986. Detection of hazardous gases
and vapors: Pattern recognition analysis of data from an electrochemical
sensor array. Anal. Chem. 58:860-866.
Steyer, R. 1988. Monsanto Volunteers To Cut Toxic Emissions At All
Plants. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 1 July 1988, St. Louis, Mo.
Stock, T.H., DJ. Kotchmar, C.F. Contant, P. A. Buffler, A.H. Holguin, B.M.
Gehan, and L.M. Noel. 1985. The estimation of personal exposures to
pollutants for a community-based study of health effects in asthmatics:
Design and results of air monitoring. J. Air. Pollut. Control Assoc. 35:
1266-1273.
Stockwell, W.R., CJ. Walcek, S. Madronich, D.M. Steward, and J.G. Calvert.
1986. Chemical mechanisms for the modeling of acid deposition. Pre-
prints, Symposia, Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Am. Chem. Soc. 31~2~:
366-370.
Stowers, SJ., R.R. Maronpot, SKI. Reynolds, and M.W. Anderson. 1987.
The role of oncogenes in chemical carcinogenesis. Environ. Health Per-
spect. 75:81-86.
OCR for page 302
302 ASSESSING NUAL4N EXPOSURE
Sukumar, S., S. Puiciani, J. Doniger, J^. DiPaolo, C.H. Evans, B. Zbar, and
M. Barbacid. 1984. A transforming ras gene In tumorigenic guinea pig cell
lines initiated by diverse chemical carcinogens. Science 223:1197-1199.
Sushan, B.I., G. DeBrou, S.H. Mo, and W. Webster. 1987. Mobile tandem
mass spectrometry for the characterization of toxic air pollutant sources
Pp. 218-223 in Proceedings of the 1987 EPA/APCA Symposium on Meas-
urement of Toxic and Related Air Pollutants. Research Triangle Park,
N.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Air Pollution Control
Association.
Sutton, O.G. 1932. A theory of eddy diffusion in the atmosphere. Proc. Roy.
Soc. (London) 135:143-165.
Svensson, C., G. Eklund, and G. Pershagen. 1987. Indoor exposure to radon
from the ground and bronchial cancer In women. Int. Arch. Occup. Envi-
ron. Health 59:123-132.
Swenberg, Jot., F.C. Richardson, J^. Boucheron, F.H. Deal, S^. Belinsky,
M. Charbonneau, and B.G. Short. 1987. High-dose to low-dose extrapo-
lation: Critical determinants involved In the dose response of carcinogenic
substances. Environ. Health Perspect. 76:57-63.
Szalai, A., ed. 1972. The Use of Time: Daily Activities of Urban and Subur-
ban Populations in Twelve Countries. The Hague: Mouton. 868 pp.
Takeuchi, T., D. Ishii, and A. Nakanishi. 1988. Analysis of aldehydes by
micro high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column derivati-
zation on en~ne-immobilized glass beads. Chromatographia 25:507-510.
Tanner, R.L., and W.H. Marlow. 1977. Size discrimination and chemical
composition of ambient airborne sulfate particles by diffusion sampling.
Atmos. Environ. 11:1143-1150.
Tanner, R.L., T. D'Ottav~o, R. Garber, and L. Newman. 1980. Determination
of ambient aerosol sulfur using a continuous flame photometric detection
system. 1. Sampling system for aerosol sulfate and sullilric acid. Atmos.
Environ. 14:121-128.
Taylor, G.I. 1921. Diffusion by continuous movements Proc. London Math.
SOc. 20 196 e
Taylor,J.K. 1987. Quality Assurance of Chemical Measurements. Chelsea,
Mich.: Lewis. 328 pp.
Tejada, S., R.B. Zweidinger, and J.E. Sigsby, Jr. 1986. Fluorescence detec-
tion and identification of nitro derivatives of polynuclear aromatic hydro-
carbons by on-column catalytic reduction to aromatic amines. Anal. Chem.
58~8~:1827-1834.
Thibodeaux, LJ., D.G. Parker, and H.H. Heck. 1982. Measurement of Vola
OCR for page 303
REFERENCES 303
tile Chemical Emissions from Wastewater Basins. EPA-600/2-82-095.
Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 60 pp. Avail-
able from NTIS as PB83-135632.
Thijssen, P.C., S.M. Wolfrum, G. Kateman, and H.C. Smit. 1984a. A Kalman
filter for calibration, evaluation of unmown samples and quality control
in drifting systems. Part I. Theory and simulations. Anal. Chim. Acta
156:87-101.
Thijssen, P.C., G. Kateman, and H.C. Smit. 1984b. Optimal designs with
information theory in least-squares problems. Anal. Chim. Acta 157:99-
115.
3rd International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate. 1984.
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and
Climate. The Karolinska Institute and the National Institute of
Environmental Medicine with the cosponsorship of the World Health
Organization, 20-24 August, 1984, Stockholm, Sweden.
Thompson, S.G. 1983. A method of analysis of laboratory data In an epi-
demiological study where time trends are present. Stat. Med 2:147-153.
3M. 1982. 3M Organic Vapor Monitor Sampling Guide for Organic Vapor
Monitor #3500/3510, Organic Vapor Monitor with Back-Up Section
#3520. December, 1982. St. Paul, Minn.: Occupational Health and Safety
Products Division, 3M.
Thurston, G.D., and J.D. Spengler. 1985. A quantitative assessment of source
contributions to inhalable particulate matter pollution in metropolitan
Boston. Atmos. Environ. 19:9-25.
Tichenor, B^. 1987. Organic Emission Measurements via Small Chamber
Testing. EPA/600/D-87/187. Research Triangle Park, N.C.: U.S. Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency. Available from NTIS as PB87-199154/GAR.
12 pp.
Tornqvist, M., S. Osterman-Golkar, A. Kautianinen, S. Jensen, P.B. Farmer,
and L. Ehrenberg. 1986. Tissue doses of ethylene oxide in cigarette
smokers determined from adduct levels in hemoglobin. Carcinogenesis
7:1519-1521.
Travis, C.C., J.L. Quillen, and A.D. Arms. 1990. Pharmacokinetics of
benzene. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 102:400-420.
Traynor, G.W., M.G. Apte, A.R. Carruthers, J.F. Dillworth, D.T. Grimsrud,
and L^. Gundel. 1987. Indoor air pollution due to emissions from wood-
burning stoves. Environ. Sci. Technol. 21:691-697.
Traynor, G.W., J.C. Aceti, M.G. Apte, B.V. Smith, L.L. Green, A.S. Smith-
Reiser, K.M. Novak, and D.O. Moses. 1988. Macromodel for Assessing
Indoor Concentrations of Combustion-Generated Pollutants: Model Devel
OCR for page 304
304 ASSESSING HURON E~OSU~
opment and Preliminary Predictions for CO, NO2 and Reparable Suspend-
ed Particles. LBL Report-25211. Berkeley: Lawrence Berkeley Labora-
tory, University of California.
Tulving, E. 1983. Elements of Episodic Memory. Odord: The Clarendon
Press.
Tung, L.S., R.A. Freeman, and J.M. Schroy. 1985. Prediction of Soil Tem-
perature Profiles: A Concern in the Assessment of Transport of Low
Volatility Chemicals in the Soil Column. Paper presented at the American
Institute of Chemical Engineers National Meeting, Seattle, Wash.
Turk, A. 1963. Measurements of odorous vapors in test chambers: Theore-
tical. ASHRAE J. 5: 55-58.
Turner, R.~.B., DJ. Harrison, and H.P. Baltes. 1987. A CMOS potentiostat
for amperometric chemical sensors. IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits,
SC-22:473-478.
Umbenhauer, D., C.P. Wild, R. Montesano, R. Saffhill, J.M. Boyle, N. Huh,
Y. Kirsten, J. Thomale, M.F. Rajewsky, and S.H. Lu. 1985. 06 methylde-
oxyguanosine in oesophageal DNA among individuals at high risk of oeso-
phageal cancer. Int. J. Cancer 36:661-665.
Utell, MJ., P.E. Morrow, D.M. Speers, J. Darling, and R.W. Hyde. 1983.
Airway responses to sulfate and sulfuric acid aerosols in asthmatics: An
exposure-response relationship. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 128:441 450.
Vaessen, HA.M., AA. Jekel, and A^.M. Wilbers. 1988. Dietary intake of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. To~ncol. Environ. Chem. 16:281-294.
Vahakangas, K., A. Haugen, and C.C. Harris. 1985. An applied synchronous
fluorescence spectrophotometricassayto studybenzota~pyrene-diolepo~nde-
DNA adducts. Carcinogenesis 6:1109-1116.
Valbjorn, O., and P. Skov. 1987. Influence of indoor climate on the sick
building prevalence. Pp. 593-597 in Indoor Air '87, Proceedings of the 4th
International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Vol. 2, 17-21
August 1987, Berlin (West). Berlin: Institute for Water, Soil and Air
Hygiene.
van Everdingen, R.O., and H.R. Krouse. 1988. Interpretation of isotopic
compositions of dissolved sulfates in acid mine drainage. Pp. 147-156 in
Mine Drainage and Surface Mine Reclamation, Mine Water and Mine
Waste. Information Circular IC9183 (Part 1 of 2~. Washington, D.C.:
Bureau of Mines, U.S. Department of the Interior.
van Sittert, NJ., G. de Jong, M.G. Clare, R. Davies, BJ. Dean, L]. Wren,
and A.S. Wright. 1985. Cytogenetic, immunological, and hematological
effects in workers in an ethylene o~nde manufacturing plant. Br. J. Ind.
Med. 42:19-26.
Van Vaeck, L., and KA. Van Cauwenberghe. 1985. Characteristic parame
OCR for page 305
REFERENCES 305
ters of particle size distributions of primary organic constituents of ambient
aerosols. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19:707-716.
Van Vaeck, L., K. Van Cauwenberghe, and J. Janssens. 1984. The gas-parti-
cle distribution of organic aerosol constituents: Measurement of the vola-
tilization artifact in hi-vo! cascade compactor sampling. Atmos. Environ.
18:417430.
Vandeg~nste, B.G.M., J. Klassens, and G. Kateman. 1983. Interactive calibra-
tion by a recursive generalized standard addition method. Anal. Chim.
Acta 150:71-86.
Vanmarcke, H., A. Janssens, and F. Raes. 1985. The equilibrium of attached
and unattached radon daughters in the domestic environment. Set. Total
Environ. 45:251-260.
Vo-Dinh, T. 1985. Development of a dosimeter for personnel exposure to
vapors of polyaromatic pollutants. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19:997-1003.
Vo-Dinh, T., TJ. Bruewer, G.C. Colovos, TJ. Wagner, and R.H. Jungers.
1984a. Field evaluation of a cost-effective screening procedure for poly-
nuclear aromatic pollutants in ambient air samples. Environ. Sci. Technol.
18:477-482.
Vo-Dinh, T., M.Y.K. Hiromoto, G.M. Begun, and R.L. Moody. 1984b. Sur-
face-enhanced reman spectrometry for trace organic analysis. Anal Chem.
56:1667-1670.
Wadden R^., and P^. Scheff. 1983. Indoor Air Pollution: Characteriza-
tion, Prediction and Control. New York: Wiley-Interscience. 213 pp.
Wald, NJ., J. Boreham, A. Bailey, C. Ritchie, J.E. Haddow, and G. Knight.
1984. Urinary cotinine as marker of breathing other people's tobacco
smoke [letter]. Lancet 1~8370~:230-231.
Waldman, J., PJ. Lioy, A. Greenberg, and J. Buckler. In press. Analysis of
human exposure to BaP via inhalation and food ingestion in the Total
Duncan Exposure Study (THEES). J. of Expos. Anal. & Environ. Epi-
demiol.
Wallace, LA. 1986. Personal exposures, indoor and outdoor air concentra-
tions and exhaled breath concentrations of selected volatile organic com-
pounds measured for 600 residents of New Jersey, North Dakota, North
Carolina, and California. To~ncol. Environ. Chem. 12:215-236.
Wallace, L^. 1987. The Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM)
Study: Summary and Analysis: Vol. 1. EPA/600/6-87/002a. Washington,
D.C.: Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency. 192 pp.
Wallace, L^. 1989. Major sources of benzene exposure. Environ. Health
Perspect. 82:165-169.
Wallace, L., R. Zweidinger, M. Erickson, S. Cooper, D. Whitaker, and E.D.
OCR for page 306
306 ASSESSING HUA~1N EXPOSURE
Petri. 1982. Monitoring individual exposure: Measurements of vola-
tile organic compounds in breathing-zone air, drinking water and exhaled
breath. Environ. Int. S:269-282.
Wallace, L., E. Pellizzari, T. Hartwell, C. Sparacino, and H. Zelon. 1983.
Personal exposures to volatile organics and other compounds indoors and
outdoors--the TEAM Study. U.S. Office of Research and Development,
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington. D.C. 35 pp. Availa-
ble from NTIS as PBS3-121357.
Wallace, Lot., E.D. Pelli~ri, T.D. HartweD, R. Whitmore, C. Sparacino, and
H. Zelon. 1986. Total exposure assessment methodology (TEAM) study:
Personal exposures, indoor-outdoor relationships, and breath levels of
volatile organic compounds in New Jersey. Environ. Int. 12:369-387.
Wallace, Lot., E.D. Pellizari, T.D. Hartwell, C. Sparacino, R. Whitmore, L.
Sheldon, H. Zelon, and R. Perritt. 1987. The TEAM (Total Exposure
Assessment Methodology) Study: Personal exposures to toxic substances
In air, drinking water, and breath of 400 residents of New Jersey, North
Carolina, and North Dakota. Environ. Res. 43:290-307.
Wallace, L^., E.D. Pelli77~ri, T.D. Hartwell, R. Whitmore, H. Zelon, R.
Perritt, and L. Sheldon. 1988. California TEAM study: Breath concen-
trations and personal air exposures to 26 volatile compounds in air and
drinking water of 188 residents of Los Angeles, Antioch and Pittsburgh,
California. Atmos. Environ. 22:2141-2163.
Walles, S^.S., and I. Orsen. 1983. Single strand breaks in DNA of various
organs of mice induced by styrene and styrene ounce. Cancer Letters 21:9-
15.
Walles, SA.S., H. Norppa, S. Osterman-Golkar, and J. Maki-Paakkanen.
1988. Single-strand breaks in DNA of peripheral lymphocytes of styrene-
exposed workers. Pp. 223-226 in Methods for Detecting DNA Damaging
Agents in Humans: Applications in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention,
H. Bartsch, K Hemminki, and I.K. O'Neill, eds. IARC Scientific Publica--
tions No. 89e Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer.
Warwick, D.P., and C^. Lininger. 1975. The Sample Survey: Theory and
Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill. 384 pp.
Watson, J.T. 1985. Pp. 351 in Introduction to Mass Spectrometry. New
York: Raven Press.
Watson, W.P. 1987. Post-radiolabelling for detecting DNA damage. Muta-
genesis 2:319-331.
Watson, J.G., PJ. Lioy, and P.K. Mueller. 1983. The measurement process:
Precision, accuracy and validity. Pp. L1-L7 in Air Sampling Instruments for
OCR for page 307
REFERENCES 307
Evaluation of Atmospheric Contaminants, 6th ea., PJ. Lioy and MJ.Y.
Lioy, eds. Cincinnati, Ohio: American Conference of Governmental In-
dustrial Hygienists.
Wattenberg, L.W. 1983. Inhibition of neoplasia by minor dietary constituents.
Cancer Res. 43:2448s-2453s.
Wems, R. 1989. Predisposition and prejudice. Science News 135:40-42.
Weschler, CJ., and K.L. Fong. 1986. Characterization of organic species
associated with indoor aerosol particles. Environ. Int. 12:93-97.
Weschler, CJ., and H.C. Shields. 1988. The influence of HVAC operation
on the concentrations of indoor airborne particles. Pp. 166-181 in Eng~-
neering Solutions to Indoor Air Problems: IAQ '88. Atlanta, Gal: Ameri-
can Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers.
Wesolowski, JJ., K. Sexton, K. Liu, and S. Twiss. 1984. The California In-
door Air Quality Program: An integrated approach. Pp. 219-225 in Indoor
Air, Vol. 4: Recent Advances in Health Sciences and Technology. Stock-
holm, Sweden: Swedish Council for Building Research.
Weston, A., J.C. Willey, V.L. Manchester, B.R. Wilson, J.S. Brooks, M.C.
Choi, M.C. Poirier, G.T. Trivers, MJ. Newman, D.L. Mann, and C.C.
Harris. 1988. Dosimeters of human exposure to carcinogens: Polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbon macromolecular adducts. Pp. 175-181 in Detection
Methods for DNA Damaging Agents in Man: Applications in Cancer
Epidemiology and Prevention, H. Bartsch, K Hemminki, and I.K. O'Neill,
eds. IARC Scientific Publications No.89. Lyon: InternationalAgency for
Research on Cancer.
~ite, C.M., and R.K Houck. 1986. Supercritical fluid chromatography and
some of its applicatior~s: A re~,ew. J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chroma-
togr. Commun. 9:~17.
Whitten, G.Z., H. Hogo, and J.P. Killus. 1980. The carbon-bond mechanism:
A condensed kinetic mechanism for photochemical smog. Environ. Sci.
Technol. 14:690-700.
WHO (World Health Organization). 1975. Early Detection of Health Im-
pairment in Occupational Exposure to Health Hazards. WHO Technical
Report No. 571. Geneva: World Health Organization.
WHO (World Health Organization). 1986. Principles of Toxicokinetic Stud-
ies. Env~ronmental Health Criteria 57. Geneva: World Health Organiza-
tion. 166 pp.
Wilson, N.K., R.G. Lewis, C.C. Chuang, B^. Petersen, and G^. Mack. 1985.
Analytical and sampling methodology for characterization of polyouclear
aromatic compounds in indoor air. Research Triangle Park, N.C.: Env~-
ronmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. 19 pp. Available from NTIS as PB85-188886/AS.
OCR for page 308
308 ASSESSING HURON E=OSU~
Wise, SA., Bat. Benner, S.N. Chester, L.R. Hilpert, C.R. Vogt, and W.E.
May. 1986. Characterization of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from
two standard reference material air particulate samples. Anal. Chem.
58:3067-3077.
Wogan, G.N., and NJ. Gorelick. 1985. Chemical and biochemical dos~metry
of exposure to genotoxic chemicals. Environ. Health Perspect. 62:5-18.
Wohltj en, H. 1984. Chemical microsensors and microinstrumentation. Anal.
Chem. 56:A87.
Woods, J.E. 1988. Recent developments for heating, cooling and ventilating
buildings: Trends for assuring healthy buildings. Pp. 99-107 in Healthy
Buildings '88, Vol. 1, State of the Art Reviews. Stockholm, Sweden: Swe-
dish Council for Building Research.
Wright, B.W., C.W. Wright, R.W. Gale, and R.D. Smith. 1987. Analytical
supercritical fluid extraction of adsorbent materials. Anal. Chem. 59:38-44.
Wu, J.M., and J.M. Schroy. 1979. Emissions from spills. Pp. 377-393
Proceedings of the Specialty Conference on Control of Specific (Toxic)
Pollutants, Air Pollution Control Association, eds., 13-16 February 1979,
Gainesville, Fla. Cosponsored by the Air Pollution Control Association
and the Water Pollution Control Federation.
Yaffe, Y., C.P. Flessel, J.]. Wesolowski, A. del Rosario, G.N. Gu~rguis, V.
Matias, J.W. Gramlich, W.R. Kelly, T. Degarmo, and G.C. Coleman. 1983.
Identification of lead sources in California children using stable isotope
ratio technique. Arch. Environ. Health 38:237-245.
Yager, J.W. 1987. Effect of concentration-time parameters on sister-chro-
matid exchanges induced in rabbit lymphocytes by ethylene oxide inhala-
tion. Mutat. Res. 182:343-352.
Yager, J.W. 1988. Biological Markers of Exposure. Paper presented at the
International Workshop on Exposure Assessment for Epidemiology and
Hard Control, 18-20 April, Woods Hole, Mass.
Yager, J.W., CJ. Hines, and R.C. Spear. 1983. Exposure to ethylene oxide
at work increases sister chromatic exchanges in human peripheral lympho-
cytes. Science 219:1221-1223.
Yamasaki, H., K. Kuwata, and H. Miyamoyo. 1982. Effects of ambient tem-
perature on aspects of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ.
Sci. Technol. 16:189-194.
Young, J.F., and F.~. Kadlubar. 1987. Pharmcokinetic simulation as an ad-
junct to experimental data in risk assessment: Predicting exposure of the
bladder epithelium in dogs to urinary N-hydro~y metabolites of carcino-
genic arylamines. Pp. 334 349 in Pharmacokinetics in Risk Assessment.
OCR for page 309
REFERENCES 309
Drinking Water and Health, Vol. 8. Washington, D.C.: National Academy
Press.
Yunis, JJ. 1983. The chromosomal basis of human neoplasia. Science 221:
227-236.
Zaromb, S., and J.R. Stetter. 1984. Theoretical basis for identification and
measurement of air contaminants using an array of sensors having partly
overlapping selectivities. Sens. Actual. 6:225-243.
OCR for page 310
Representative terms from entire chapter:
human exposure