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Suggested Citation:"Appendix L." Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, and National Academy of Engineering. 1991. Finding Common Ground: U.S. Export Controls in a Changed Global Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1617.
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Page 362
Suggested Citation:"Appendix L." Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, and National Academy of Engineering. 1991. Finding Common Ground: U.S. Export Controls in a Changed Global Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1617.
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Page 363
Suggested Citation:"Appendix L." Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, and National Academy of Engineering. 1991. Finding Common Ground: U.S. Export Controls in a Changed Global Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1617.
×
Page 364
Suggested Citation:"Appendix L." Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, and National Academy of Engineering. 1991. Finding Common Ground: U.S. Export Controls in a Changed Global Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1617.
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Page 365

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APPENDIX L 362 APPENDIX L List of Acronyms ACDA Arms Control and Disarmament Agency ACEP Advisory Committee on Export Policy AEA Atomic Energy Act AECA Arms Export Control Act AEN administrative exception note ALJ administrative law judge APA Administrative Procedure Act ASIC application specific integrated circuit BMW Bayerische Motor Werke BXA Bureau of Export Administration CAD/CAE computer-assisted design/computer-assisted engineering CAD/CAM computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacturing CCL Commodity Control List CFE Conventional Forces in Europe (treaty) CMEA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance CoCom Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls COSEPUP Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy CRS Congressional Research Service CSCE Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe CWC Chemical Weapons Convention D-RAM dynamic random access memory DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DEC Digital Equipment Corporation DoC Department of Commerce

APPENDIX L 363 DoD Department of Defense DoE Department of Energy DTC Defense Trade Controls DTSA Defense Technology Security Administration EAA Export Administration Act EAAA Export Administration Amendments Act EAR Export Administration Regulations EARB Export Administration Review Board EC European Community ECA Export Control Act ECCN export commodity control number EC/PCC Export Control/Policy Coordinating Committee EDAC Economic Defense Advisory Council EFTA European Free Trade Association FRG Federal Republic of Germany G-7 Group of Seven (industrialized nations) G-CEU general license for certified end users G-CoCom general license for CoCom G-Com general license for CoCom and cooperating countries GCT general license for intra-CoCom trade GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GDR German Democratic Republic GKNT State Committee for Science and Technology (USSR) GNP Gross National Product GRU Chief Directorate of Military Intelligence (USSR) IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency IAEL International Atomic Energy List IBM International Business Machines Corporation IC/DV import certificate/delivery verification ICL International Computers Limited ICT intra-CoCom trade IDA Institute for Defense Analyses IEEPA International Emergency Economic Powers Act IL Industrial List IML International Munitions List INF Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (treaty) ITA International Trade Administration ITAR International Traffic in Arms Regulations KGB Committee for State Security (USSR) LSI large-scale integration MCTL Militarily Critical Technologies List MITI Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Japan) ML Munitions List

APPENDIX L 364 MOU memorandum of understanding MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime MTEC Missile Technology Export Control (group on) MTU Motoren-und Turbinen-Union GmbH NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASP National Aerospace Plane NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NIC newly industrializing country NNPA Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act NNPT Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRL Nuclear Referral List NSC National Security Council NSD national security directive NSG Nuclear Suppliers Group NSWP non-Soviet Warsaw Pact (countries) ODTC Office of Defense Trade Controls OFAC Office of Foreign Assets Control OSTP Office of Science and Technology Policy OTCA Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act OTPA Office of Technology and Policy Analysis PC personal computer PC/AT personal computer/advanced technology, a family of personal computers based on the Intel 80286 chip PCC policy coordinating committee PDR processing data rate PECSEA President's Export Council, Subcommittee on Export Administration PEEK polyetheretherketone PM Politico-Military Affairs Bureau (U.S. Department of State) PRC People's Republic of China R&D research and development SEMATECH Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology SNEC Subgroup on Nuclear Export Controls SNECMA Société Nationale d'Etude et de Construction des Moteurs d'Aviation SSP Supercomputer Safeguard Plan START Strategic Arms Reduction Talks STEM Strategic Technology Experts Meeting SUB-ACEP Sub-Advisory Committee on Export Policy SUB-EDAC Sub-Economic Defense Advisory Council TAC technical advisory committee TCC Third Country Cooperation

APPENDIX L 365 TDO Table of Denial Orders TTG technical task group TTIC Technology Transfer Intelligence Committee TWEA Trading with the Enemy Act TWG technical working group UN United Nations USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics VLSI very large scale integrated circuitry VPK Military-Industrial Commission (USSR) WTO Warsaw Treaty Organization

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Finding Common Ground: U.S. Export Controls in a Changed Global Environment Get This Book
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Protecting U.S. security by controlling technology export has long been a major issue. But the threat of the Soviet sphere is rapidly being superseded by state-sponsored terrorism; nuclear, chemical, biological, and missile proliferation; and other critical security factors.

This volume provides a policy outline and specific steps for an urgently needed revamping of U.S. and multilateral export controls.

It presents the latest information on these and many other pressing issues:

  • The successes and failures of U.S. export controls, including a look at U.S. laws, regulations, and export licensing; U.S. participation in international agencies; and the role of industry.
  • The effects of export controls on industry.
  • The growing threat of "proliferation" technologies.

World events make this volume indispensable to policymakers, government security agencies, technology exporters, and faculty and students of international affairs.

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