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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1991. The Eruption of Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano Colombia, South America, November 13, 1985. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1784.
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References

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Corvalan, J. 1981 . Plate-tectonic map of the circum-Pacific region, south- east quadrant . Tulsa, Oklahoma : American Association of Petroleum geologists . 1 sheet .

Defensa Civil Colombiana . 1985 . Anexas al Informe de la Dirección de Defensa Civil al Senor General Ministro de Defensa en Relación con el Volcan-Nevado del Ruiz . Bogotá : Defensa Civil Colombiana .

Defensa Civil Colombiana . 1985 . Qué Hacer en Caso de Desastre? Bogotá : Defensa Civil Colombiana .

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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1991. The Eruption of Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano Colombia, South America, November 13, 1985. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1784.
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Herd, D. G. 1982 . Glacial and volcanic geology of the Ruiz-Tolima volca nic complex, Cordillera Central . Colombia : Publicaciones Geológicas Especiales del INGEOMINAS , No. 8 . 48 pp .

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INGEOMINAS (Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geológico-Mineras) . 1985 . Mapa de riesgos volcánicos potenciales del Nevado del Ruiz . Bogotá : INGEOMINAS . 1 sheet .

INGEOMINAS . 1985 . Estudio de los Riesgos Volcánicos Potenciales del Volcan Nevado del Ruiz: Informe de las Actividades Desarolladas (Período Octubre 8 - Noviembre 10, 1985) . Bogotá : INGEOMINAS, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geológico-Mineras, Ministerio de Minas y Energía, República de Colombia , Noviembre .

INGEOMINAS . 1985 . Mapa de Riesgos Volcánicos Potenciales del Volcan Nevado del Ruiz (Memoria Explicativa) . Bogotá : INGEOMINAS, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geológico-Mineras, Ministerio de Minas y Energía, República de Colombia , Noviembre .

INGEOMINAS . 1985 . Mapa Preliminar de Riesgos Volcánicos Potenciales del Nevado del Ruiz: Texto Explicativo . Bogotá : INGEOMINAS, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geológico-Mineras, Ministerio de Minas y Energía, República de Colombia , Octubre 7 .

INGEOMINAS . 1985 . Estudio de los Riesgos Volcánicos Potenciales del Nevado del Ruiz: Informe Preliminar de las Actividades Desarrolladas (Período Julio 20-Octubre 7 de 1985) . Bogotá : INGEOMINAS, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geológico-Mineras, Ministerio de Minas y Energía, República de Colombia , Octubre .

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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1991. The Eruption of Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano Colombia, South America, November 13, 1985. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1784.
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Nevado del Ruiz Volcanic Eruption , Colombia, South America . National Research Council . Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press .

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Simkin, T. , and L. McClelland . 1985 . Summary of communications, Ruiz Volcano, Colombia, 1985 . Smithsonian Institution Scientific Event Alert Network . Unpublished summary from various sources . 7 pp .

Simon, F. P. 1625 . Noticias historiales de las conquistas de la Tierra Firme en las Indias Occidentales (Extractos) . Casa Editorial de Medardo Rivas , Bogotá , 1892, Capítulo VI .

Thouret, J. C. , A. Murcia , N. Vatin-Perignon , and R. Salinas . 1985 . Cronoestratigrafía medianta dataciones K/Ar y C-14 de los volcanes compuestos del Complejo Ruiz-Tolima y aspectos volcano-estructurales del Nevado del Ruiz , p. 292-452 . INGEOMINAS and University of Grenoble, Sexto Congreso Latino Americano de Geología , Medellin, Colombia , October 1985 .

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1991. The Eruption of Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano Colombia, South America, November 13, 1985. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1784.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1991. The Eruption of Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano Colombia, South America, November 13, 1985. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1784.
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Page 87
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1991. The Eruption of Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano Colombia, South America, November 13, 1985. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1784.
×
Page 88
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1991. The Eruption of Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano Colombia, South America, November 13, 1985. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1784.
×
Page 89
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1991. The Eruption of Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano Colombia, South America, November 13, 1985. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1784.
×
Page 90
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 The Eruption of Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano Colombia, South America, November 13, 1985
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On November 13, 1985, catastrophic mudflows swept down the slopes of the erupting Nevado del Ruiz volcano, destroying structures in their paths. Various estimates of deaths ranged as high as 24,000 residents. Though the nature and extent of risk posed by the mudflows to local communities were well documented before the event and extensive efforts had been made to communicate this information to those at risk, the affected communities were caught largely unaware.

This volume analyzes the disaster's many aspects: the extent, constitution, and behavior of the mudflows; the nature of damage to structures; the status of the area's disaster warning system; and the extent of the area's disaster preparedness, emergency response actions, and disaster relief efforts—both at the time of the disaster and in the first few months following the event.

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