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Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels (2013)

Chapter: Appendix B: Committee Biographies

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2013. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18264.
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B

Committee Biographies

DOUGLAS M. CHAPIN (NAE), Chair, is a principal of MPR Associates, Inc., Alexandria, Virginia. He has extensive experience in electrical, chemical, and nuclear engineering, with particular application to nuclear and conventional power plant problems and functions, including numerous aspects of power plant systems and associated components. He has worked in such areas as instrumentation and control systems, nuclear fuels, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, pumps, advanced analysis methods, test facility design, and electrical systems and components. Dr. Chapin has worked on a number of efforts including the Japan/Germany/United States research program on loss of coolant accidents, served as project leader for the design, construction, and testing of the loss of fluid test facility, was a member of the Electric Power Research Institute’s (EPRI’s) Utility Review Committee on Advanced Reactor Designs, and worked with the Utility/EPRI Advanced Light Water Reactor Program that defines utility requirements for future nuclear power plants. He was chair of the NRC’s Committee on Application of Digital Instrumentation and Control Technology to Nuclear Power Plant Operations and Safety. He has served on a number of NRC committees, including the Committee on America’s Energy Future, the Committee on Review of Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Nuclear Energy R&D Program, and Board on Energy and Environmental Systems (chair). Dr. Chapin is a member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE). He served as a member of the NAE’s Electric Power/Energy Systems Engineering Peer Committee and as a member of the NAE’s Committee on Membership. He is also a fellow of the American Nuclear Society. He has a B.S. degree in electrical engineering, Duke University, an M.S. degree in applied science, George Washington University, and a Ph.D. degree, nuclear studies in chemical engineering, Princeton University.

RALPH J. BRODD is president of Broddarp of Nevada, Inc., a consulting firm specializing in technology assessment, strategic planning and battery technology, production, and marketing. Dr. Brodd began his career at the National Bureau of Standards studying electrode reactions and phenomena that occur in battery operation. In 1961, Dr. Brodd joined the L.T.V. research Center of Ling Temco Vought, Inc., where he established a group in fuel cells and batteries. In 1963, he moved to the Battery Products Technology Center of Union Carbide Corporation, with technical management responsibilities for nickel-cadmium and lead acid rechargeable batteries, alkaline and carbon-zinc product lines, and exploratory R&D. He joined ESB (INCO Electroenergy, Inc.) in 1978 as director of technology. In 1982, Dr. Brodd established Broddarp, Inc., a consulting firm specializing in battery technology, strategic planning, and technology planning. He moved to Amoco Research Center as project manager of a rechargeable lithium sulfur dioxide battery project. He subsequently moved to Gould, Inc., to establish their Lithium Powerdex Battery Venture and then to Valence Technology, a venture group developing a solid polymer electrolyte battery system for rechargeable batteries for portable consumer devices as vice president, marketing. Dr. Brodd was elected president of the Electrochemical Society in 1981 and honorary member in 1987. He was elected national secretary of the International Society of Electrochemistry (1977-1982) and vice president (1981-1983). He is past chairman of the Board of Directors of the International Battery Materials Association (IBA). Dr. Brodd has more than 100 publications and patents. He received a B.A. degree in chemistry from Augustana College and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in physical chemistry from the University of Texas at Austin.

GARY L. COWGER (NAE) is currently chairman and CEO of GLC Ventures, LLC—a management consultancy. He retired from General Motors Corporation as Group Vice President—Global Manufacturing, Labor Relations and Manufacturing Engineering. In this position he was responsible for all of GM’s Global Manufacturing Operations. He held a variety of other senior positions at GM, including President of GM North America; Chairman—Adam Opel,

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2013. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18264.
×

AG; Vice President for Operations, GM Europe; and President and Managing Director of GM de Mexico. Mr. Cowger has extensive experience in business, technology, engineering and manufacturing operations. He was responsible for the development and implementation of the GM global manufacturing system. He has also had extensive experience in benchmarking, target-setting, and the creation and application of organizational and production-based performance measures. Mr. Cowger is the past Chairman of the Board for Kettering University and holds other Board positions in private and public organizations. Mr. Cowger holds an M.S. degree in management from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a B.S. degree in industrial engineering from Kettering University (formally General Motors Institute).

JOHN M. DeCICCO is a professor of practice at the School of Natural Resources and Environment and research professor at the University of Michigan Energy Institute. Previous positions include senior fellow, automotive strategies, Environmental Defense Fund; transportation program director, American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy; and staff scientist, National Audubon Society. His teaching and advising interests address energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from transportation as well as broader aspects of sustainable mobility and energy use. His research seeks to further public understanding of transportation systems and GHGs, including the interlinked decision-making structures (both private market and public process) that underpin energy demand and emissions in the sector. He has published widely on analysis of the cost and improvements in emissions and fuel economy of advanced automotive technologies and in recent years has focused increasingly on the challenges of transportation fuels and GHG emissions. He has a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from Princeton University, an M.S.M.E. from North Carolina State University, and a B.A. in mathematics from Catholic University of America.

GEORGE C. EADS retired from Charles River Associates in 2008 after serving 12 years as a vice president. He remains a senior consultant with the company. Prior to joining CRA, Dr Eads held several positions at the General Motors Corporation, including vice president and chief economist; vice president, Worldwide Economic and Market Analysis Staff; and vice president, Product Planning and Economics Staff. Before joining GM, Dr. Eads was dean of the School of Public Affairs at the University of Maryland, College Park, where he also was a professor. Before that, he served as a member of President Carter’s Council of Economic Advisors, was a program manager at the RAND Corporation, served as executive director of the National Commission on Supplies and Shortages, as Assistant Director of President Ford’s Council on Wage and Price Stability, and taught at Harvard University, Princeton University, and the George Washington University. He has been involved in numerous projects concerning transport and energy. In 1994 and 1995, he was a member of President Clinton’s policy dialogue on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from personal motor vehicles. He co-authored the World Energy Council’s 1998 report Global Transport and Energy Development—The Scope for Change. He was Lead Consultant to the World Business Council for Sustainable Development’s Sustainable Mobility Project, a project funded and carried out by 12 leading international automotive and energy companies. Dr. Eads is a member of the Presidents’ Circle of the National Academies. He is an at-large director of the National Bureau of Economic Research. He received a Ph.D. degree in economics from Yale University. He has been on several National Academies committees, including the TRB study on Potential Energy Savings and Greenhouse Gas Reductions from Transportation, the TRB study on Climate Change and U.S. Transportation, and the America’s Climate Choices study.

RAMON L. ESPINO is currently a research professor at the University of Virginia, where he has been on the faculty since 1999. Prior to joining the Department of Chemical Engineering, he was with ExxonMobil for 26 years. He held a number of research management positions in petroleum exploration and production, petroleum process and products, alternative fuels and petrochemicals. He has published about 20 technical articles and holds 9 patents. Dr. Espino’s research interests focus on fuel cell technology, specifically in the development of processors that convert clean fuels into hydrogen and of fuel cell anodes that are resistant to carbon monoxide poisoning. Another area of interest is the conversion of methane to clean liquid fuels and specifically the development of catalysts for the selective partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas. He has served on NRC committees dealing with R&D in DOE’s fossil fuels programs, mitigation of greenhouse gases and other topics related to energy efficiency. He received a B.S. degree in chemical engineering from Louisiana State University and an M.S. and a doctor of science in chemical engineering from MIT.

JOHN GERMAN is a senior fellow for the International Council for Clean Transportation, with primarily responsibility for technology innovation and U.S. policy development. He has been involved with advanced technology and efficiency since joining Chrysler in 1976, where he spent eight years in Powertrain Engineering working on fuel economy issues. He then spent 13 years doing research and writing regulations for EPA’s Office of Mobile Sources’ laboratory in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Prior to joining ICCT four years ago, he spent 11 years as Manager of Environmental and Energy Analyses for American Honda Motor Company, with an emphasis on being a liaison between Honda’s R&D people in Japan and regulatory affairs. Mr. German is the author of a book on hybrid gasoline-electric vehicles published by SAE and a variety of technical papers, including the future of hybrid vehicles, technology costs and benefits, consumer

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2013. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18264.
×

valuation of fuel savings, feebates, and light truck trends. He was the first recipient of the Barry D. McNutt award, presented annually by SAE for Excellence in Automotive Policy Analysis. He has a bachelor’s degree in physics from the University of Michigan and partial credit toward an MBA.

DAVID L. GREENE is a corporate fellow of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, where he has researched transportation energy policy issues for the U.S. government for 35 years, a Senior Fellow of the Howard H. Baker, Jr. Center for Public Policy and a Research Professor of Economics at the University of Tennessee. Greene is an author of more than 250 publications on transportation, energy and related issues. He is an emeritus member of both the Energy and Alternative Fuels Committees of the Transportation Research Board and a lifetime National Associate of the National Academies. He is a recipient of the TRB’s 2012 Roy W. Crum Award for distinguished achievement in transportation research, the TRB’s Pyke Johnson Award, the Society of Automotive Engineers’ 2004 Barry D. McNutt Award for Excellence in Automotive Policy Analysis, the Department of Energy’s 2007 Hydrogen R&D Award and 2011 Vehicle Technologies R&D Award, the International Association for Energy Economics’ Award for Outstanding Paper of 1999 for his research on the rebound effect, the Association of American Geographers’ 2011 Edward L. Ullman Award, and was recognized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for contributions to the IPCC’s receipt of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize. He holds a B.A. from Columbia University, an M.A. from the University of Oregon, and a Ph.D. in geography and environmental engineering from the Johns Hopkins University.

JUDI GREENWALD is the vice president of technology and innovation at the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. She oversees the analysis and promotion of innovation in the major sectors that contribute to climate change, including transportation, electric power, and buildings. Ms. Greenwald focuses on technology, business, state, regional, and federal innovation. She served on the Resource Panel for the northeast Greenhouse Gas Initiative and the California Market Advisory Committee, and as a policy advisor to the Western Climate Initiative and the Midwest Greenhouse Gas Accord Advisory Group. She previously served as the vice president for innovative solutions at the Pew Center on Global Climate Change, C2ES’s predecessor organization. Ms. Greenwald has nearly 30 years of experience working on energy and environmental policy. Prior to coming to the Pew Center, she worked as a consultant, focusing on innovative approaches to solving environmental problems, including climate change. She also served as a senior advisor on the White House Climate Change Task Force. As a member of the professional staff of the Energy and Commerce Committee of the U.S. House of Representatives, she worked on the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, the 1992 Energy Policy Act, and a number of other energy and environmental statutes. She was also a congressional fellow with then-Senate Majority Leader Robert C. Byrd, an environmental scientist with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and an environmental engineer and policy analyst at the EPA. Ms. Greenwald has a B.S. in engineering, cum laude, from Princeton University and an M.A. in science, technology and public policy from George Washington University.

L. LOUIS HEGEDUS (NAE) is the retired senior vice president, R&D, of Arkema Inc., and a visiting distinguished fellow at RTI International. Research programs at Arkema supported market applications in the automotive, petroleum, energy conversion and storage, electronics, and construction industries. Dr. Hegedus was previously vice president, Corporate Technical Group, at W.R. Grace. Research programs included catalysts for petroleum refining, chemicals, emission control, and fuel cells; technical and electronic ceramics; electrochemical products including polymeric membranes for electric storage batteries of various types; and construction materials and products. Prior to joining W.R. Grace, Dr. Hegedus was affiliated with the General Motors Research Laboratories where he managed research on the development of the catalytic converter for automobile emission control. Before his graduate studies, he was an engineer with Daimler-Benz in Germany. He is a member of NAE, and he is a recipient of the R.H. Wilhelm, Professional Progress, Catalysis and Reaction Engineering Practice, and the Management Division awards of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) and the Leo Friend Award of the American Chemical Society (ACS)-Chemtech. At the occasion of their 100th anniversary, AIChE named Dr. Hegedus as one of “Hundred Chemical Engineers of the Modern Era.” He was a founding member of AIChE’s Commission on Energy Challenges and has served on several panels of the NRC’s Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, including one on critical chemical technologies, one on the future of catalysis, and one charged with the international benchmarking of the U.S. chemical engineering competencies. Most recently, Dr. Hegedus served on panels of the National Science Foundation dealing with the manufacture of nanomaterials and with the development of rechargeable lithium battery technology. At RTI International, he co-edited and co-authored the book Viewing America’s Energy Future in Three Dimensions—Technology, Economics, Society. Dr. Hegedus obtained his Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the University of California, Berkeley, and his M.S. in chemical engineering from the Technical University of Budapest, from which he also received an honorary doctorate.

JOHN B. HEYWOOD (NAE) has been a faculty member at MIT since 1968, where he has been the Sun Jae Professor of Mechanical Engineering and director of the Sloan Automotive Laboratory. His interests are focused on internal combustion engines, their fuels, and broader studies of future

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2013. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18264.
×

transportation technology, fuel supply options, and air pollutant and GHG emissions. He has published more than 200 papers in the technical literature and is the author of five books, including a major text and professional reference, Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals. He is a fellow of the Society of Automotive Engineers. He has received many awards for his work, including the 1996 U.S. Department of Transportation Award for the Advancement of Motor Vehicle Research and Development and the Society of Automotive Engineers 2008 Award for his contributions to Automotive Policy. He is a member of the NAE and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has a Ph.D. from MIT, a D.Sc. from Cambridge University, and honorary degrees from Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, and City University, London.

VIRGINIA McCONNELL is senior fellow in the Quality of the Environment Division of Resources for the Future (RFF), Inc. She is also a professor of economics at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. Her recent work has centered on the evaluation of policies to reduce motor vehicle pollution, particularly on the role of pricing and other incentive-based policies. She recently completed a study on hybrid vehicles and the effectiveness of policies designed to increase the share of hybrids and electric vehicles in the U.S. fleet, part of a larger effort at RFF to assess a range of transportation and other policies to reduce oil use and GHG emissions in the United States by 2030. She was co-editor of the 2007 book Controlling Vehicle Pollution and has published on a range of transportation policy issues. In addition, she has served on a number of EPA and state advisory committees related to transportation and air quality. She is currently serving on a public policy panel to look at the prospects for Transport Electrification. She has been a member of several NRC panels in recent years, including the Committee on Vehicle Emission Inspection and Maintenance Program, the Committee on State Practices in Setting Mobile Source Emissions Standards, and the Committee for a Study of Potential Energy Savings and Greenhouse Gas Reductions from Transportation. Dr. McConnell received a B.S. degree in economics from Smith College and a Ph.D. degree in economics from the University of Maryland.

STEPHEN J. McGOVERN has more than 35 years of experience in the refining and petrochemical industries. Dr. McGovern has been a principal of PetroTech Consultants since 2000, providing consulting services on various refining technologies, including clean fuels projects and refining economics. He has assisted numerous refiners in the evaluation of gasoline and diesel desulfurization technologies, Catalytic Cracking and environmental issues. Dr. McGovern has provided technical advice to DARPA and commercial enterprises for the production of biofuels. Previously, he was with Mobil Technology Company, where he led various efforts in process development and refinery technical support. He has 17 patents and more than 20 technical publications and was a member of the NRC Committee on Economic and Environmental Impacts of Increasing Biofuels Production. He has lectured, published and consulted on refining technology, environmental and alternate fuels issues. Dr. McGovern is a licensed professional engineer in New Jersey and a past director of the Fuels and Petrochemicals Division of AIChE. He earned a B.S. degree (magna cum laude) and M.S. degree in chemical engineering from Drexel University and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in chemical engineering from Princeton University.

GENE NEMANICH is a consultant specializing in chemical processes. Previously, he was director of hydrogen systems for ChevronTexaco Technology Ventures where he was responsible for hydrogen supply and developing and commercializing new hydrogen storage technologies. He has 31 years of experience with integrated oil companies, including Exxon, Cities Service, Texaco, and ChevronTexaco. He has also worked in the areas of refining, clean coal technology, oil supply and trading, and hydrogen systems. He represented Texaco in the California Fuel Cell Partnership in 2000-2001 and is a director of Texaco Ovonic Hydrogen Systems, LLC, a joint venture with Energy Conversion Devices to commercialize metal hydride hydrogen storage systems. He was one of seven industry leaders that helped prepare the DOE-sponsored Hydrogen Roadmap, and he has served as chairman of the National Hydrogen Association. He has a B.S. in chemical engineering from University of Illinois and an MBA from University of Houston.

JOHN O’DELL is senior editor with the Edmunds.com editorial team, where he originated online coverage of the environmental or “green” automotive segment, producing articles dealing with advanced and alternative vehicle policies, financing, technology, politics, alternative fuels, and related issues. Mr. O’Dell is regularly quoted by major newspapers, periodicals, wire services, and broadcast media as an expert on the growing green car and alternative fuels markets. Prior to joining Edmunds, Mr. O’Dell was a staff writer and editor at the Los Angeles Times from 1980-2007. He co-founded the consumer automotive section of the L.A. Times, Highway 1, in 1998, and was the paper’s automotive industry reporter from 1998-2007. He also served variously as city beat reporter, county government writer, business reporter, and assistant business editor at the Times’ Orange County Edition and was variously a city beat reporter, investigative reporter, political writer, and assistant city editor at the Orange County Register. Mr. O’Dell holds a B.A. in communications from California State College at Fullerton and completed the coursework there toward a graduate degree in communications with an emphasis in consumer economics. His career as a journalist has been marked by numerous awards for professional excellence in writing, research, and project development. He was part of the reporting teams that

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2013. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18264.
×

won Pulitzer prizes for the Los Angeles Times in 1992 for coverage of the Los Angeles Riots and in 1994 for coverage of the Northridge Earthquake.

ROBERT F. SAWYER (NAE) is the Class of 1935 Professor of Energy emeritus in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. His research interests are in combustion, pollutant formation and control, regulatory policy, rocket propulsion, and fire safety. He served as chairman of the California Air Resources Board, chairman of the energy and resources group of the University of California at Berkeley, chief of the liquid systems analysis section at the U.S. Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory, and president of the Combustion Institute. Dr. Sawyer has served on numerous National Research Council committees and was a member of the NRC’s Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology. He holds a B.S. and M.S. in mechanical engineering from Stanford University and a M.A. in aeronautical engineering and a Ph.D. in aerospace science from Princeton University.

CHRISTINE S. SLOANE retired from General Motors Corporation as the head of the global team for hydrogen and fuel cell vehicle codes and standards development. She coordinated development of GM policy and technical strategy across safety, engineering, and public policy requirements to ensure global consistency in GM interaction with government and professional industry organizations. She previously directed the GM interaction with the U.S. FreedomCAR program, which included R&D to advance fuel cell power systems, and earlier served as chief technologist for the development and demonstration team for Precept, GM’s 80 mile-per-gallon five-passenger HEV concept vehicle. She has also been responsible for global climate issues and for mobile emission issues involving advanced technology vehicles. Her early research interests included air quality, and manufacturing and vehicle emissions. Dr. Sloane has authored more than 80 technical papers and co-edited one book. She has served on several boards of professional organizations and numerous National Academy of Sciences panels and study groups. Dr. Sloane received her Ph.D. from MIT in chemical physics.

WILLIAM H. WALSH, JR., is an automobile safety consultant. He consults on vehicle safety activities with several technology companies to speed the introduction of advanced life-saving technology into the automobile fleet as well as substantive involvement in corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) rulemakings. He held several positions at the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), including senior associate administrator for policy and operations; associate administrator for plans and policy; director, National Center for Statistics and Analysis; director, Office of Budget, Planning and Policy; and science advisor to the administrator of NHTSA. He also held the position of supervisory general engineer at the DOE’s Appliance Efficiency Program. His expertise covers all aspects of vehicle safety performance, cost/benefit analyses, strategic planning, statistics analyses and modeling, and policy formulation. He serves on the Transportation Research Board’s Occupant Protection Committee. He has a B.S. in aerospace engineering, University of Notre Dame, and an M.S. in system engineering, George Washington University.

MICHAEL EVAN WEBBER is the Josey Centennial Fellow in Energy Resources, associate professor of mechanical engineering, associate director for the Center for International Energy and Environmental Policy, and co-director of the Clean Energy Incubator, all at the University of Texas at Austin. Previously he was an associate engineer at RAND Corporation and senior scientist at Pranalytica, Inc. He holds four patents involving instrumentation. He serves on the board of advisers of Scientific American and is on the editorial board of several other journals. Dr. Webber is also a member of the Electric Utility Commission of the City of Austin and is active in a variety of other public and civic organizations. He has an M.S. and Ph.D. in mechanical engineering (minor, electrical engineering) from Stanford University and B.S./B.A. degrees with high honors from the University of Texas at Austin.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2013. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18264.
×
Page 164
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2013. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18264.
×
Page 165
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2013. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18264.
×
Page 166
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2013. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18264.
×
Page 167
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2013. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18264.
×
Page 168
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For a century, almost all light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have been powered by internal combustion engines operating on petroleum fuels. Energy security concerns about petroleum imports and the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on global climate are driving interest in alternatives. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions by 80 percent across the U.S. LDV fleet by 2050, relative to 2005.

This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and non-petroleum-based fuel technology as options that could significantly contribute to these goals. By analyzing scenarios that combine various fuel and vehicle pathways, the report also identifies barriers to implementation of these technologies and suggests policies to achieve the desired reductions. Several scenarios are promising, but strong, and effective policies such as research and development, subsidies, energy taxes, or regulations will be necessary to overcome barriers, such as cost and consumer choice.

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