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Energy Reduction at U.S. Air Force
Facilities Using Industrial Processes
A Workshop Summary
Gregory Eyring, Rapporteur
Committee on Energy Reduction at U.S. Air Force Facilities Using Industrial Processes:
A Workshop
Air Force Studies Board
Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing
Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of
the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the
Institute of Medicine.
This is a report of work supported by Grant FA9550 12 1 0413 between the U.S. Air
Force and the National Academy of Sciences. Any opinions, findings, or conclusions
expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect
the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number 13: 978 0 309 27023 6
International Standard Book Number 10: 0 309 27023 5
Limited copies of this report are Additional copies are available from:
available from:
Air Force Studies Board The National Academies Press
National Research Council 500 Fifth Street, NW
500 Fifth Street, NW Keck 360
Washington, DC 20001 Washington, DC 20001
(202) 334 3111 (800) 624 6242 or (202) 334 3313
http://www.nap.edu
Copyright 2013 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
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The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self perpetuating society of
distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the
furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon
the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a
mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical
matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the
National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is
autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the
National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government.
The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at
meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the
superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National
Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences
to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the
examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts
under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional
charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to
identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is
president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in
1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s
purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in
accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become
the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the
National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public,
and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by
both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M.
Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.
www.national academies.org
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COMMITTEE ON ENERGY REDUCTION AT U.S. AIR FORCE FACILITIES USING
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES: A WORKSHOP
KENNETH E. EICKMANN, University of Texas at Austin
ROBERT E. HEBNER, JR., University of Texas at Austin
THOM J. HODGSON, North Carolina State University
GWEN P. HOLDMANN, Alaska Center for Energy and Power
CARROLL N. LeTELLIER, Independent Consultant
JAMES B. PORTER, JR., Independent Consultant
SCOTT E. SANDERS, Wyle Laboratories, Inc.
Staff
CARTER W. FORD, Program Officer
DIONNA ALI, Senior Program Assistant
MARGUERITE SCHNEIDER, Administrative Coordinator
v
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AIR FORCE STUDIES BOARD
GREGORY S. MARTIN, GS Martin Consulting, Chair
BRIAN A. ARNOLD, Raytheon Company
CLAUDE M. BOLTON, Defense Acquisition University
STEVEN R.J. BRUECK, University of New Mexico
THOMAS J. BURNS, Science Applications International Corporation
FRANK CAPPUCCIO, Cappuccio and Associates, LLC
DONALD C. FRASER, Charles Stark Draper Laboratory (retired)
MICHAEL J. GIANELLI, The Boeing Company (retired)
DANIEL HASTINGS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
PAUL G. KAMINSKI, Technovation, Inc.
ROBERT LATIFF, R. Latiff Associates
NANCY LEVESON, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MARK LEWIS, IDA Science and Technology Policy Institute
LESTER L. LYLES, The Lyles Group
MATT L. MLEZIVA, Wildwood Strategic Concepts
C. KUMAR N. PATEL, Pranalytica, Inc.
GERALD F. PERRYMAN, JR., Independent Consultant
RICHARD V. REYNOLDS, The VanFleet Group, LLC
J. DANIEL STEWART, University of Tennessee
REBECCA A. WINSTON, Winston Strategic Management Consulting
Staff
TERRY J. JAGGERS, Director
JESSICA R. BROKENBURR, Financial Assistant
SARAH M. CAPOTE, Research Associate
GREGORY EYRING, Senior Program Officer
CARTER W. FORD, Program Officer
CHRIS JONES, Financial Manager
MARGUERITE E. SCHNEIDER, Administrative Coordinator
DANIEL E.J. TALMAGE, JR., Program Officer
vi
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Preface
The Air Force recognizes that energy is a strategic issue for the United States. To
assist the Air Force in addressing this issue, the Air Force Studies Board (AFSB) of the
National Research Council (NRC) drafted terms of reference (TOR) in April 2012 for a
short workshop to bring together Department of Defense stakeholders and
representatives of industry in order to highlight current approaches to industrial process
energy with a goal of highlighting potential ways to reduce Air Force industrial process
energy consumption.1 The Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Energy, Kevin
Geiss, approved the TOR in April 2012 and the NRC approved the TOR in July 2012. The
NRC then established the Committee on Energy Reduction at U.S. Air Force Facilities
Using Industrial Processes: A Workshop to conduct a workshop, and the 3 day workshop
was held on November 5 7, 2012.
The committee appreciates the support of Dr. Kevin Geiss, Deputy Assistant
Secretary of the Air Force for Energy, who articulated a clear set of objectives for the
workshop, and that of his staff. In addition, the committee thanks the many expert
speakers and guests who contributed immensely to this undertaking. Finally, the
committee’s role was limited to planning the workshop. This workshop summary has
been prepared by the workshop rapporteur as a factual summary of what occurred at
the workshop.
Kenneth E. Eickmann, Chair
Committee on Energy Reduction at U.S. Air
Force Facilities Using Industrial
Processes: A Workshop
1
Since 2006 the AFSB has produced several reports related to Air Force energy consumption,
including the following, published by the National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.: A Review of United
States Air Force and Department of Defense Aerospace Propulsion Needs (2006); Improving the Efficiency
of Engines for Large Nonfighter Aircraft (2007); and Examination of the U.S. Air Force’s Aircraft
Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs (2011). All are available at
www.nap.edu.
vii
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Acknowledgment of Reviewers
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their
diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved
by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this
independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the
institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the
report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the
study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect
the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for
their review of this report:
Daniel E. Hastings, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Gwen P. Holdmann, Alaska Center for Energy and Power,
Mark J. Lewis, IDA Science and Technology Policy Institute,
Lawrence T. Papay, PQR, LLC,
James B. Porter, Jr., Independent Consultant,
Maxine L. Savitz, Honeywell, Inc. (retired), and
Rebecca A. Winston, Winston Strategic Management Consulting.
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments
and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the views presented at the workshop,
nor did they see the final draft of the workshop summary before its release. The review
of this workshop summary was overseen by Wesley L. Harris, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology. Appointed by the NRC, he was responsible for making certain that an
independent examination of this workshop summary was carried out in accordance with
institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered.
Responsibility for the final content of this summary rests entirely with the author and
the institution.
viii
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Contents
OVERVIEW 1
1 INTRODUCTION 5
Industrial Process Energy, 5
Energy Reduction Goals and Mandates, 7
Water Consumption Goals and Mandates, 9
Workshop Terms of Reference, 10
Workshop Structure, Scope, and Approach, 11
2 PRESENTATIONS AND COMMENTS 12
Monday, November 5, 2012, 12
Kevin Geiss, Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Energy, 12
Joseph Sikes, Director of Facilities Energy Privatization, Office of the
Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Installations and
Environment, 13
Paul Bollinger, Director, Boeing Energy, 14
Col Douglas Wise, Chief, Civil Engineering Operations and Readiness
Division, HQ AFMC/A7O, 15
Col Stephen Wood, Vice Commander, 72nd Air Base Wing, Tinker Air Force
Base, 16
Kirk Rutland, Technical Director, Test Sustainment Division, Arnold
Engineering and Development Complex, 17
Cameron Stanley, Support Contractor, Advanced Power Technology Office,
Air Force Research Laboratory, 17
Concluding Discussion, 18
Tuesday, November 6, 2012, 18
Robert Gemmer, Technology Manager Advanced Manufacturing Office,
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy, 18
Thomas Hicks, Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Energy, 19
Sandrine Schultz, Energy Program Manager, Navy Installations
Command, 20
ix
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John Dwyer, Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistics, Army Materiel
Command, 21
Timothy Unruh, Program Manager, Federal Energy Management
Program, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department
of Energy, 21
Al Hildreth, Company Energy Manager, General Motors North America, 22
James B. Porter, Jr., Independent Consultant, 23
Roger Weir, Energy Manager, ATK Aerospace Systems, 23
Kenneth Walters, Chief, Measurement and Analysis Division, Air Force
Civil Engineer Center–Energy, Air Force Materiel Command, 24
Col Stephen Wood, Vice Commander, 72nd Air Base Wing, Tinker Air Force
Base, 25
Wednesday, November 7, 2012, 25
Col Gregory Ottoman, Chief, Environment and Energy Division, Office of the
Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistics, Installations, and Mission Support, 25
3 WRAP UP DISCUSSION 27
Management and Leadership, 27
Budgets and Funding, 28
Information Resources, 29
Metrics, 31
Culture Change, 33
Personnel and Training, 34
Investment Opportunities, 34
APPENDIXES
A Biographical Sketches of Committee Members 37
B Workshop Agenda 41
C Workshop Participants 45
D Presentation Abstracts 49
E Energy Management Checklist 57
x
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
AFB Air Force Base
AFIT Air Force Institute of Technology
AFMC Air Force Materiel Command
AFRL Air Force Research Laboratory
AFSC Air Force Sustainment Center
ALC Air Logistics Complex
AMC Army Materiel Command
AMO Advanced Manufacturing Office
AMRS advanced meter reading system
APTO Advanced Power Technology Office
Btu British thermal unit
CE civil engineering
CII Construction Industry Institute
DoD U.S. Department of Defense
DOE U.S. Department of Energy
EISA Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007
EO Executive Order
EPACT Energy Policy Act of 2005
ESPC Energy Savings Performance Contract
FEMP Federal Energy Management Program
FY fiscal year
GM General Motors
HVAC heating, ventilation, air conditioning
IPE industrial process energy
MAJCOM Major Command
xi
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MW megawatt
MWh megawatt hour
NRC National Research Council
O&M operations and maintenance
POM Program Objective Memorandum
PV photovoltaic
R&D research and development
R&M restoration and maintenance
UESC Utility Energy Service Contract
USAF U.S. Air Force
WAGES water, air, gas, electricity, steam
xii
