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PAPERBACK list:$19.00 Web:$17.10 add to cart PDF BOOK your price: $15.00 add to cart Rights & Permissions Free Resources PDF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Display this book on your site! Related Titles The Hydrogen Economy: Opportunities, Costs, Barriers, and R&D Needs Potential Applications of Concentrated Solar Energy: Proceedings of a Workshop Other Related Titles Potential Applications of Concentrated Solar Photons (1991) Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems (CETS) Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Page 67   E-mail  Facebook  Digg  Stumble  Twitter More The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. APPENDIX E Pressure Dependence of Photochemical Reactions Augmentation of thermal reactions by excitation with photons is pressure dependent because of the activation and deactivation of excited states by collisions. This was illustrated by the simple example provided by Dellinger et al. [1] at the workshop associated with this study. For the simple model (Figure E-1) of a photolytic followed by thermal excitation to an energy level FIGURE E-1 Three State of thermal-photolytic model. Page 67 Front Matter (R1-R10) Executive Summary (1-4) 1 Introduction (5-10) 2 Review and Evaluation of Various Application Areas (11-47) 3 Organization, Technology Transfer, Program Direction, and Institutional Issues (48-50) 4 Conclusions and Recommendations (51-54) Appendix A: Statement of Task (55-56) Appendix B: Committee Meetings and Activities (57-61) Appendix C: List of European Visits (62-63) Appendix D: Intensity Influence (64-66) Appendix E: Pressure Dependence of Photochemical Reactions (67-68) Appendix F: Knowledge Base and Status of Technology of Solar Fuels (69-79)

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Potential Applications of Concentrated Solar Photons APPENDIX E Pressure Dependence of Photochemical Reactions Augmentation of thermal reactions by excitation with photons is pressure dependent because of the activation and deactivation of excited states by collisions. This was illustrated by the simple example provided by Dellinger et al. [1] at the workshop associated with this study. For the simple model (Figure E-1) of a photolytic followed by thermal excitation to an energy level FIGURE E-1 Three State of thermal-photolytic model.

OCR for page 68
Potential Applications of Concentrated Solar Photons leading to dissociation, the rate constant kdiss for the overall reaction can be shown to be where the rate coefficients are identified in Figure E-1, and [M] is the total molar concentration. For the conditions favorable to dissociation, (k1/kF)(kp/k-1)>1, the rate constant can be approximated by At high pressures the thermal reaction approaches equilibrium and the rate constant becomes equal to the absorption rate kab, independent of pressure. At low pressures the rate becomes proportional to pressure and can be approximated by Experimental programs should be designed to provide the coefficients needed to model their temperature and pressure dependencies using the quantum Rice Rammsberg and Kassel or Rice Rammsberg Kassel and Marcus representations (1). REFERENCE 1. Dellinger, B., Graham, J., Berman, J.M., and Klosterman, D. "High-Temperature Photochemistry Induced by Concentrated Solar Radiation." Workshop on Potential Applications of Concentrated Solar Photons, NRC, Nov. 7–8, 1990, Golden, Colo.

Representative terms from entire chapter:

rate constant