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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
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Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the
WORLD RADIOCOMMUNICATIONS
CONFERENCE 2015

Committee on the Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda
Items at Issue at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015

Board on Physics and Astronomy

Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

Washington, D.C.

www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS   500 Fifth Street, NW   Washington, DC 20001

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This study was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1056189B and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Award No. NNH10CD04. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-29112-5
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-29112-7

Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu; and from the Board on Physics and Astronomy, National Research Council, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001, Internet: http://www.national-academies.org/bpa.

Copyright 2013 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers of the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.

www.national-academies.org

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
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COMMITTEE ON THE VIEWS OF THE U.S. NAS AND NAE ON AGENDA ITEMS AT ISSUE AT THE WORLD RADIOCOMMUNICATION CONFERENCE 2015

DAVID DeBOER, University of California, Berkeley, Chair

JASMEET JUDGE, University of Florida, Vice Chair

WILLIAM BLACKWELL, MIT Lincoln Laboratory

SANDRA L. CRUZ-POL, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez

MICHAEL DAVIS, SETI Institute, retired

TODD GAIER, Jet Propulsion Laboratory

KENNETH KELLERMANN, National Radio Astronomy Observatory

DAVID Le VINE, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

LORIS MAGNANI, University of Georgia

DARREN McKAGUE, University of Michigan

TIMOTHY PEARSON, California Institute of Technology

ALAN E.E. ROGERS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Haystack Observatory

GREGORY TAYLOR, University of New Mexico

A. RICHARD THOMPSON, National Radio Astronomy Observatory

LIESE VAN ZEE, Indiana University

Staff

DAVID B. LANG, Program Officer, Study Director

JAMES C. LANCASTER, Director, Board on Physics and Astronomy

CARYN JOY KNUTSEN, Associate Program Officer

TERI THOROWGOOD, Administrative Coordinator

BETH DOLAN, Financial Associate

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×

BOARD ON PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY

PHILIP H. BUCKSBAUM, Stanford University, Chair

DEBRA M. ELMEGREEN, Vassar College, Vice Chair

RICCARDO BETTI, University of Rochester

ADAM S. BURROWS, Princeton University

TODD DITMIRE, University of Texas

NATHANIEL J. FISCH, Princeton University

PAUL FLEURY, Yale University

S. JAMES GATES, University of Maryland

LAURA H. GREENE, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

MARTHA P. HAYNES, Cornell University

MARK B. KETCHEN, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center

MONICA OLVERA DE LA CRUZ, Northwestern University

PAUL SCHECHTER, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

BORIS SHRAIMAN, Kavli Institute of Theoretical Physics

MICHAEL S. TURNER, University of Chicago

ELLEN D. WILLIAMS, BP International

MICHAEL WITHERELL, University of California, Santa Barbara

Staff

JAMES C. LANCASTER, Director

DONALD C. SHAPERO, Senior Scholar

DAVID B. LANG, Program Officer

LINDA WALKER, Program Coordinator

BETH DOLAN, Financial Associate

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×

Acknowledgment of Reviewers

This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the Report Review Committee of the National Research Council (NRC). The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. The committee wishes to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

Paul Feldman, Esq., Fletcher, Heald and Hildreth,

William Howard, Universities Space Research Association (retired),

David Long, Brigham Young University,

Thomas Meissner, Remote Sensing Systems, Inc.,

James Moran, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics,

John Osepchuk, Full Spectrum Consulting,

Robert Scholtz, University of Southern California,

Charles Wende, NASA (retired), and

David Woody, Owens Valley Radio Observatory and California Institute of Technology.

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Frank Drake (NAS), SETI Institute. Appointed by the NRC, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
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Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
×
Page R9
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2013. Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18447.
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The World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC) is a meeting of official delegations from over 140 nations and is organized by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Delegates meet every few years to negotiate proposals to changes in international radio spectrum regulations; changes that would be enforced by the ITU internationally if approved. Proposals are brought up during a WRC and then negotiated at the next WRC. The time in between each WRC allows for national governments to work internally and with their regional counterparts to develop a consensus position on each proposal. The consensus position can then be presented at the next WRC.

Each proposal is referred to as an agenda item and agenda items are specific and propose narrow yet potentially substantial changes to the use of the spectrum that can have significant impact on its users. Most agenda items support the active use of the spectrum, so it is important for vulnerable, passive services to voice their concerns about potentially adverse effects on their operations. Two U.S. passive services, the passive Radio Astronomy Service (RAS) and the Earth Exploration-Satellite Service (EESS), provide scientific observations of the universe and Earth through the use of advanced receiver technology with extreme sensitivity and the employment of complex noise reduction algorithms. Even with such technology, RAS and EESS are seriously adversely affected by what most active services would consider extremely low noise levels.

Views of the U.S. NAS and NAE on Agenda Items at Issue at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015 present the NAS and NAE's views on agenda items that affect RAS and EESS. This report includes a list of each agenda item, how it affects the programs, and the committee's recommendations.

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