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Organic Matter and the Moon, by Carl Sagan (1961)

Chapter: XI. BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Suggested Citation:"XI. BIBLIOGRAPHY." National Research Council. 1961. Organic Matter and the Moon, by Carl Sagan. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18476.
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Suggested Citation:"XI. BIBLIOGRAPHY." National Research Council. 1961. Organic Matter and the Moon, by Carl Sagan. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18476.
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Page 46
Suggested Citation:"XI. BIBLIOGRAPHY." National Research Council. 1961. Organic Matter and the Moon, by Carl Sagan. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18476.
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Page 47
Suggested Citation:"XI. BIBLIOGRAPHY." National Research Council. 1961. Organic Matter and the Moon, by Carl Sagan. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18476.
×
Page 48
Suggested Citation:"XI. BIBLIOGRAPHY." National Research Council. 1961. Organic Matter and the Moon, by Carl Sagan. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18476.
×
Page 49
Suggested Citation:"XI. BIBLIOGRAPHY." National Research Council. 1961. Organic Matter and the Moon, by Carl Sagan. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18476.
×
Page 50
Suggested Citation:"XI. BIBLIOGRAPHY." National Research Council. 1961. Organic Matter and the Moon, by Carl Sagan. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18476.
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Page 51

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

XI. BIBLIOGRAPHY P. H. Abelson (1954), Carnegie Inst. Wash. Yr. Bk., jv3: 97. D. Alter (1957), Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific, 69: 158. D. Alter (1959), Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific, T\_: 46. Z. M. Bacq and P. Alexander (1955), Fundamentals of Radio- biology, Butterworth, London. R. B. Baldwin (1949), The Face of the Moon, U. Chicago Press, Chicago. P. Becquerel (1909), Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci., Paris, 148: 1052. P. Becquerel (1910), Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci., Paris, 150: 1437. A. A. Boyarchuk (1961), private communication. H. Brown (1949), In Atmospheres of the Earth and Planets, G. P. Kuiper, ed., chap. 9, first ed., U. Chicago Press, Chicago. S. Chapman and T. G. Cowling (1939), The Mathematical Theory of Non-uniform Gases, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. C. H. Costain, B. Elsmore, and G. R. Whitford (1956), Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 116: 380. R. W. Davies and M. G. Comuntzis (1959), 'The sterilization of space vehicles to prevent extraterrestrial biological contami- nation, ' External Publication No. 698 of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; and Pro- ceedings of the Tenth International Astronautics Congress, to be published. I. B. Davis and D. M. Updegraff (1954), Bact. Rev., 18: 215. 45

W. F. Edwards and L. S. Borst (1958), Science. 127: 325. G. Elwert (1954), Z. Naturforsch., ^: 637. I. Filosofo (1958), "Cosmic radiation and lunar radioactivity, ' Armour Research Foundation Report, Project A119. S. W. Fox (1956), Amer. Scientist, 44: 347. J. H. Fremlin (1959a). Nature, 183: 239. J. H. Fremlin (1959b), Nature, 183: 1317. G. F. Cause (1959), private communication. T. Gold (1955), Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 115: 585. T. Gold (1959), In Vistas in Astronautics, vol. 2, M. Alperin and H. F. Gregory, eds., Pergamon Press, New York. W. Gordy, W. B. Ard, and H. Shields (1955), Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., Washington, 4^: 983. W. Groth(1959), private communication. W. Groth (1960), private communication. W. Groth and H. von Weyssenhoff (1959), Ann. Physik, 7. Folge, 4: 69. W. Groth and H. von Weyssenhoff (1960), Planet. Space Sci. , 2: 79. W. H. Haas (1959), Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific. 7h 236. L. G. Henyey, R. LeLevier, and R. D. Levee (1955), Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific, 6J7: 396. A. R. Hibbs, ed. (1959), Exploration of the Moon, the Planets and Interplanetary Space, Report 30"1, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. G. A. Hole (1959), The Moon, 2: 10. 46

F. Hoyle (1958), In Stellar Populations, D. J. K. O'Connell, ed., North Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, p. 223. J. C. Jaeger (1959), Nature, 183: 1316. J. H. Jeans (1916), The Dynamical Theory of Gases, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. R. F. Kimball (1955), In Radiation Biology, A. Hollaender, ed., vol. 2, chap. 8, McGraw-Hill Book Co. , New York. N. A. Kozyrev (1959a), Sky and Telescope, 18: 184. N. A. Kozyrev (1959b), Sky and Telescope, J_8: 561. G. P. Kuiper (1951a), In Astrophysics, A. Hynek, ed. , McGraw- Hill Book Co., New York. G. P. Kuiper (1951b), Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., Washington, 37: 383. G. P. Kuiper (1952), In Atmospheres of the Earth and Planets, G. P. Kuiper, ed., chap. 12, second edition, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. G. P. Kuiper (1953), Mem. Soc. Roy. Sci. Liege, 8: 401. G. P. Kuiper (1954), Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., Washington, 4_0: 1096. G. P. Kuiper (1958), Harvard Announcement Card No. 1419. G. P. Kuiper (1959a), In Vistas in Astronautics, vol. 2, M. Alperin and H. F. Gregory, eds., Pergamon Press, New York. G. P. Kuiper (1959b), Sky and Telescope, _1_8_: 307. G. P. Kuiper (1959c), private communication. G. P. Kuiper (1960), private communication. J. Lederberg (1959), private communication. J. Lederberg (1960) NASA Contract. No. NsG-81-60, "Cyto- chemical Study of Planetary Microorganisms. " 47

J. Lederberg and D. B. Cowie (1958), Science, 127: 1473. S. E. Luria (1955), In Radiation Biology. A. Hollaender, ed., vol. 2, chap. 9, McGraw-Hill Book Co.. New York. A. G. Marr (1961), private communication. S. L. Miller (1955), J. Amer. Chem. Soc., T7_: 2351. S. L. Miller (1957), Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 23^: 480. P. A. Moore (1952), J. Brit. Interplanetary Soc., U_: 19. M. Neugebauer (1960), Phys. Rev. Letters, 4: 6. M. Nicolet (1954), In The Earth As a Planet, G. P. Kuiper, ed., chap. 13, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. W. A. Noyes and P. A. Leighton (1941), The Photochemistry of Gases, Reinhold Press, New York. A. I. Oparin (1957), The Origin of Life on the Earth, Academic Press, New York. E. Opik (1960), private communication. C. R. Phillips and R. K. Hoffman (1960), Science, 132: 991. J. G. Phillips (1957). Astrophys. J., 125: 153. J. H. Piddington and H. C. Minnett, (1949). Australian J. Sci., Res., A, 2: 63. H. F. Poppendiek and W. H. Bond (1959), Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific, 7J_: 233. L. Reiffel, (1960) Amer. Rocket Soc. J. , 30: 258. C. Sagan (1957), Evolution, U: 40. C. Sagan (1960a), Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., Washington, 46: 393. C. Sagan (1960b), Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., Washington 46: 396. C. Sagan (1961), Radiation Research, in press. C. Sagan and S. L. Miller (1960), Astron. J. , 65: 499. n M. Schwarzschild, R. Howard, and R. Harm (1957), Astrophys. J. , 125: 233. 48

L. I. Sedov (1959). private communication to G. P. Kuiper. L. Spitzer (1952), In Atmospheres of the Earth and Planets, G. P. Kuiper, ed., chap. 7, second edition, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. H. Suess (1949), J. Geol., 5J: 600. R. Tousey (1953), In The Sun, G. P. Kuiper, ed., chap. 9, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. H. C. Urey (1951), Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1: 209- H. C. Urey (1952), The Planets, Yale University Press, New Haven. H. C. Urey (1956a), Astrophys. J., 124: 623. H. C. Urey (1956b), In Vistas in Astronomy, A. Beer, ed., Perga- mon Press, New York. H. C. Urey (1956c), Observatory, J76: 232. W. Vishniac (1959), NASA Contract No. NsG-19-59, "Microbiological and chemical studies of planetary soils. " A. J. Wesselink, (1948) Bull. Astron. Inst. Netherlands, HI: 351. F. L. Whipple, (1959) In Vistas in Astronautics, vol. 2, p. 267, M. Alperin and H. F. Gregory, eds., Pergamon Press, New York. E. A. Whittaker (1960), private communication. S. Zamenhof (1959), private communication. S. Zamenhof (1960), Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., Washington, 46: 101. S. Zamenhof, H. E. Alexander, and G. Leidy (1953), J. Exper. Medicine, 98: 373. M. R. Zelle and A. Hollaender (1955), In Radiation Biology, A. Hollaender, ed., vol. 2, chap. 10, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. C. E. ZoBell (1950), Advances in Enzymology, 10: 443. 49

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL The National Academy of Sciences—National Research Council is a private non- profit organization of scientists, dedicated to the furtherance of science and to its use for the general welfare. The Academy itself was established in 1 863 under a Congressional charter signed by President Lincoln. Empowered to provide for all activities appropriate to academies of science, it was also required by its charter to act as an adviser to the Federal Gov- ernment in scientific matters. This provision accounts for the close ties that have always existed between the Academy and the Government, although the Academy is not a governmental agency. The National Research Council was established by the Academy in 1916, at the request of President Wilson, to enable scientists generally to associate their efforts with those of the limited membership of the Academy in service to the nation, to society, and to science at home and abroad. Members of the National Research Council receive their appointments from the President of the Academy. They include representatives nominted by the major scientific and technical societies, representatives of the Federal Government, and a number of members-at-large. In addition, several thousand scien- tists and engineers take part in the activities of the Research Council through member- ship on its various boards and committees. Receiving funds from both public and private sources, by contributions, grant, or contract, the Academy and its Research Council thus work to stimulate research and its applications, to survey the broad possibilities of science, to promote effective utilization of the scientific and technical resources of the country, to serve the Government, and to further the general interests of science.

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The immediate future seems to hold both the promise and the responsibility of extensive contact between man-made objects and the Moon.

Current United States plans tentatively call for the soft landing on the Moon of instrumentation designed to detect indigenous organisms or organic matter, possibly in a roving vehicle, by 1964-67 in the Surveyor and Prospector Programs. The Soviet Union apparently has the capability of performing similar experiments at an earlier date. It is clear that positive results would give significant information on such problems as the early history of the Solar System, the chemical composition of matter in the remote past, the origin of life on Earth, and the distribution of life beyond the Earth. By the same token, biological contamination of the Moon would represent an unparalleled scientific disaster, eliminating possible approaches to these problems. Because of the Moon's unique situation as a large unweathered body at an intermediate distance from the Sun, scientific opportunities lost on the Moon may not be recoupable elsewhere.

This monograph is concerned with the possibility of finding indigenous lunar organisms or organic matter, and with the possibility of their contamination by deposited terrestrial organisms or organic matter.

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