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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Agenda." Institute of Medicine. 2014. The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18493.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Agenda." Institute of Medicine. 2014. The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18493.
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Page 170
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Agenda." Institute of Medicine. 2014. The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18493.
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Page 171
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Agenda." Institute of Medicine. 2014. The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18493.
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Page 172
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Agenda." Institute of Medicine. 2014. The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18493.
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Page 173
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Agenda." Institute of Medicine. 2014. The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18493.
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Page 174

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A AGENDA January 24–25, 2013 Auditorium National Academy of Sciences Building 2100 Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC January 24, 2013 8:30 a.m. Welcome Frank Loy, LL.B. Roundtable Chair Session 1: Overview of Biofuels Moderator: Lynn Goldman, M.D., M.P.H., Roundtable Vice-Chair, Dean, George Washington University School of Public Health 8:45 a.m. Historical Overview and Policy Drivers of Biofuels as a Source of Energy Timothy D. Searchinger, J.D. (via video link) Associate Research Scholar and Lecturer in Public and International Affairs Woodrow Wilson School Princeton University 9:15 a.m. Biofuels: Context and Outlook Howard Gruenspecht, Ph.D. Deputy Administrator, U.S. Energy Information Administration 9:40 a.m. Biofuels: Past, Present, and Future? Roger Prince, Ph.D. Senior Research Associate, ExxonMobil 10:00 a.m. Discussion 169

170 THE NEXUS OF BIOFUELS, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND HUMAN HEALTH 10:30 a.m. Break Session 2: Emerging Issues and Biofuels Moderator: Dennis J. Devlin, Ph.D., Senior Environmental Health Advisor, ExxonMobil Corporation 10:50 a.m. The Palm Oil Example Jamal Hisham Hashim, Ph.D., MCIEH Professor of Environmental Health and Research Fellow United Nations University-International Institute for Global Health 11:15 a.m. Discussion 11:35 a.m. Lunch Session 3: Occupational Health and Biofuels Production Moderator: Henry Anderson, M.D., State Health Officer, Wisconsin Division of Public Health 12:35 p.m. Occupational Risks Stephen Reynolds, Ph.D. Director of the High Plains Intermountain Center for Agricultural Health and Safety Colorado State University 1:00 p.m. Discussion Session 4: Biofuels Impacts on Air, Atmosphere, and Health Moderator: Bernard D. Goldstein, M.D., Professor Emeritus, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh 1:25 p.m. Regional Impacts of Biofuels on Health and Climate Change Elliott Campbell (via videolink) University of California, Merced 1:45 p.m. Biodistillate Fuels and Emissions in the United States S. Kent Hoekman, Ph.D. Desert Research Institute 2:10 p.m. Discussion

APPENDIX A 171 2:40 p.m. Break Session 5: Water Use, Water Pollution, and Biofuels Moderator: James Bartram, Ph.D., Don and Jennifer Holzworth Distinguished Professor, Director of the Water Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 3:00 p.m. Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United States Jerald L. Schnoor, Ph.D. Allen S. Henry Chair in Engineering and Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Iowa 3:20 p.m. Water Quality: Corn vs. Switchgrass Catherine Kling, Ph.D. Professor of Economics Iowa State University 3:40 p.m. Discussion Session 6: Implications of Biofuels for Land Use and Health Moderator: Jay Lemery, M.D., Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado 4:00 p.m. Life-Cycle Impacts on Land and Air Jason Hill, Ph.D. Assistant Professor in Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering University of Minnesota 4:20 p.m. Forest Management and Forest-Based Bioenergy Initiatives Daniel Cassidy, Ph.D. Senior Advisor, Office of Chief Scientist U.S. Department of Agriculture 4:40 p.m. Discussion 5:10 p.m. Adjourn for the Day

172 THE NEXUS OF BIOFUELS, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND HUMAN HEALTH January 25, 2013 8:30 a.m. Welcome Back Lynn Goldman, Roundtable Vice-Chair Session 7: Societal Impacts and Ethics of Biofuels Moderator: Anne Sweeney, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Rural Public Health, Texas A&M University 8:40 a.m. Ethics of Biofuels Alena Buyx, Dr.Med. (via video link) Head of Emmy Noether Group in Bioethics, University of Muenster Senior Research Associate, University College London 9:05 a.m. Socioeconomic Impacts of Biofuels in Rural Communities Theresa Selfa, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Environmental Studies SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry 9:25 a.m. Discussion 9:50 a.m. Break Session 8: Impacts of Biofuels Policies on Food Security Issues Moderator: Frank Loy, Roundtable Chair 10:15 a.m. Food Adequacy and Access Frank Loy, LL.B. 10:25 a.m. Food Insecurity in a Biofuels World Lester Brown, M.P.H. President Earth Policy Institute 10:50 a.m. Discussion 11:10 a.m. Pressure Points of Domestic Food and Biofuels Policies Erik D. Olson, J.D. Director of Food Programs Pew Health Group, Pew Charitable Trusts

APPENDIX A 173 11:25 a.m. Discussion 11:40 a.m. Lunch Session 9: Environmental Health Policies and Opportunities Moderator: John M. Balbus, M.D., M.P.H., Senior Advisor for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 12:50 p.m. Evaluating Health Impacts of Biofuels Feedstocks with Current Risk Assessments Lynn Goldman, Roundtable Vice-Chair Sustainability Assessment Bernard D. Goldstein, Roundtable Member Health Impact Assessment Richard J. Jackson, Roundtable Member 1:35 p.m. Discussion 2:00 p.m. Break Session 10: Government Perspectives on Biofuels and Human Health Moderator: Lynn Goldman, Roundtable Vice-Chair 2:20 p.m. U.S. Department of Agriculture Daniel Cassidy, Ph.D. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Karl Simon, J.D. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences John M. Balbus, M.D., M.P.H. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Christopher J. Portier, Ph.D. 3:20 p.m. Discussion 3:50 p.m. Summation Frank Loy, Roundtable Chair 4:00 p.m. ADJOURN

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Liquid fuels are a major part of modern life. They supply energy for ground, water, and air transportation as well as power for industrial and farming machinery. But fossil fuels - the dominant liquid fuel in use for well over a century - have many disadvantages. The use of fossil fuels has obvious health downsides, such as emissions of pollutants that are directly harmful to health. The burning of fossil fuels produces greenhouse gases, which contribute to global warming, itself a long-term threat to human health. There have also been health concerns related to insecurity of liquid fuel supplies and the potential of international conflicts being caused by fuel scarcity. Furthermore, there are concerns that the world's large but still limited supply of fossil fuels could be strained by the increasing demand that results from societies around the world achieving greater prosperity. In the face of these concerns, new policies have been created that encourage the development of renewable sources of energy in general and biofuels in particular.

In January 2013, the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine of the Institute of Medicine held a 2- day, interactive, public workshop on the intersection of biofuels, climate change, and human health. Workshop attendees explored public health issues related to the composition of traditional and alternative fuels and fuel additives, and they discussed the known and potential health impacts associated with the use of these fuels and fuel additives. The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health is the summary of that workshop. This report examines air, water, land use, food, and social impacts of biomass feedstock as an energy resource, and the state of the science and health policy implications of using different types (and generations) of biofuels as an energy source.

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