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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
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Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem:
Can Past Successes Help Inform Future
Strategies?

Summary of Two Workshops

Steve Olson and Maria Dahlberg, Rapporteurs

Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy
Policy and Global Affairs

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES,
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING, AND
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

Washington, D.C.

www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS   500 Fifth Street, NW   Washington, DC 20001

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This study was supported by Grant No. OIA-0834015 between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Science Foundation.

Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors who provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-29304-4
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-29304-9

Additional copies of this report are available for sale from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.

Copyright 2013 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers of the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self- perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.

www.national-academies.org

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×

PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR WORKSHOPS ON TRENDS IN THE INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM

RICHARD N. ZARE [NAS] (chair), Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor, Stanford University

PAUL CITRON [NAE], (Retired, Vice President, Technology Policy and Academic Relations, Medtronic, Inc.)

GORDON R. ENGLAND [NAE], President, E6 Partners LLC

C. D. MOTE, JR. [NAE] (ex-officio), President, National Academy of Engineering

WILLIAM J. SPENCER [NAE], Chairman Emeritus, SEMATECH

Staff

KEVIN FINNERAN, Director

GURU MADHAVAN, Program Officer

MARIA LUND DAHLBERG, Research Associate and Rapporteur

MARION RAMSEY, Administrative Associate

Consultant

STEVE OLSON, Consultant Writer and Rapporteur

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×

COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND PUBLIC POLICY

RICHARD N. ZARE [NAS] (chair), Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor, Stanford University

LINDA M. ABRIOLA [NAE], Dean of Engineering, Tufts University

SUSAN ATHEY [NAS], Professor, Graduate School of Business, Stanford University

MOSES H.W. CHAN [NAS], Evan Pugh Professor of Physics, Pennsylvania State University

RALPH J. CICERONE [NAS] (ex-officio), President, National Academy of Sciences

PAUL CITRON [NAE], Vice President (Retired), Technology Policy and Academic Relations, Medtronic, Inc.

DAVID DANIEL [NAE], President, The University of Texas at Dallas

GORDON R. ENGLAND [NAE], President, E6 Partners LLC

HARVEY V. FINEBERG [IOM] (ex-officio), President, Institute of Medicine

DIANE E. GRIFFIN [IOM, NAS], Alfred and Jill Sommer Professor, Chair in Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

C. D. MOTE, JR., [NAE] (ex-officio), President, National Academy of Engineering

PERCY A. PIERRE [NAE], Vice President and Professor Emeritus, Michigan State University

E. ALBERT REECE [IOM], Vice President for Medical Affairs, Bowers Distinguished Professor and Dean, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore

MICHAEL S. TURNER [NAS], Rauner Distinguished Service Professor, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, The University of Chicago

NANCY S. WEXLER [IOM], Higgins Professor of Neuropsychology, Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University

PETER WOLYNES [NAS], D.R. Bullard-Welch Foundation Professor of Chemistry, Center for Theoretical Biological Physics-BCR, Rice University

Staff

KEVIN FINNERAN, Director

TOM ARRISON, Senior Program Officer

GURU MADHAVAN, Program Officer

NEERAJ GORKHALY, Research Associate

MARIA LUND DAHLBERG, Research Associate

RICHARD-DUANE CHAMBERS, Christine Mirzayan Science & Technology Policy Graduate Fellow (until December 2012)

MARION RAMSEY, Administrative Associate

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×

Reviewer Acknowledgments

This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Academies’ Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for quality and objectivity. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.

We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report: Michael G. Borrus, X/Seed Capital Management; Brian Darmody, University of Maryland; James D. Plummer, Stanford University; Leon Sandler, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; William J. Spencer, SEMATECH (retired); and Eli Yablonovitch, University of California, Berkeley.

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the report, nor did they see the final draft before its release. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the institution.

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
Page R5
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
Page R7
Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
Page R8
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
Page R9
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. 2013. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18509.
×
Page R10
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Innovation has been a major engine of American economic and societal progress. It has increased per capita income more than sevenfold since the 19th century, has added three decades to the average lifespan, has revolutionized the way we communicate and share information, and has made the United States the strongest military power in the world. Without its historical leadership in innovation, the United States would be a very different country than it is today.

Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem is the summary of two workshops hosted by the Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (COSEPUP) of the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine in February and May, 2013. Experts from industry, academia, and finance met to discuss the challenges involved in innovation pathways. Both workshops focused on the interactions between research universities and industry and the concept of innovation as a "culture" as opposed to an operational method. The goal was to gain a better understanding of what key factors contributed to successful innovations in the past, how today's environment might necessitate changes in strategy, and what changes are likely to occur in the future in the context of a global innovation ecosystem. This report discusses the state of innovation in America, obstacles to both innovation and to reaping the benefits of innovation, and ways of overcoming those obstacles.

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