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Secret Service H. S. Knight Director United States Secret Service Washington, DC Robert R. Snow Acting Assistant Director Office of Protective Research United States Secret Service Washington, DC Edward Walsh Special Agent-in-Charge Intelligence Division United States Secret Service Washington, DC Robert Kyanko Assistant Special Agent-in-Charge Intelligence Division United States Secret Service Washington, DC Dwight T. Colley Special Agent, Office of Training United States Secret Service Washington, DC Consultants to the United States Secret Service Lewis R. Goldberg, Ph.D. Professor of Psychology at University of Oregon Institute for Measurement of Personality Eugene, OR Edwin I. Megargee, Ph.D. Professor of Psychology Psychology Department Florida State University Tallahassee, FL Institute of Medicine Frederick C. Robbins, M.D. President Institute of Medicine National Academy of Sciences Washington, DC Fredric Solomon, M.D. Director Division of Mental Health and Behavioral Medicine Institute of Medicine National Academy of Sciences Washington, DC Delores Parron, Ph.D. Associate Director Division of Mental Health and Behavioral Medicine National Academy of Sciences Washington, DC Jane Takeuchi, Ph.D. Staff Officer Division of Mental Health and Behavioral Medicine Institute of Medicine National Academy of Sciences Washington, DC Mireille Mesias Secretary Institute of Medicine National Academy of Sciences Washington, DC 187
Observers Robert Carvalho, M.D. Resident in Psychiatry St. Vincent's Hospital New York, NY 10011 Bernard Vittone, M.D. Resident in Psychiatry St. Vincent's Hospital New York, NY 10011 188
National Academy of Sciences INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE 2101 Constitution Avenue Washington, D. C. 20418 Invitational Workshop on Behavioral Research and The Secret Service: Problems in Assessing and Managing Dangerous Behavior March 8 - 10, 1981 W. Walter Menninger, M.D., Chair Sunday, March 8, 1981 Plenary Session Watergate Terrace Restaurant, 2650 Virginia Avenue, N. W. 6:30 P.M. Cocktails 7:00 Dinner 8:00 Opening Remarks and Orientation Frederick C. Robbins, M.D. President, Institute of Medicine W. Walter Menninger, M.D. Menninger Foundation H. S. Knight Director, United States Secret Service David A. Hamburg, M.D. Harvard University 8:30 Introduction of Conferees 8:40 United States Secret Service Presentation: Two Case Illustrations Edward Walsh Special Agent-in-Charge, Intelligence Division Case #1 (minutes 15) Questions and Discussion (minutes 20) Case #2 (minutes 15) Questions and Discussion (minutes 20) 189
Sunday, March 8, 1981 (continued) 9:50 P.M. Logistics, Closing Remarks W. Walter Menninger, M.D. 10:05 Adjourn Monday, March 9, 1981 National Academy of Sciences Building, Lecture Room 8:30 A.M. Coffee, tea, juice 9:00 Charge to the Workshop, Clarification of Format W. Walter Menninger, M.D. United States Secret Service Expectations Robert R. Snow Acting Assistant Director, Office of Protective Research 9:30-10:45 Plenary Presentations and Discussion - Assessment NAS Lecture Room Basic Question: What can behavioral science offer to assist the U.S.S.S in its task of assessing persons who threaten their protectees (i.e., potential assassins)? Sub-Question A: What is the state-of-the-art on the capacity to predict dangerousness or potential assassination? John Monahan, Ph.D. University of Virginia (15 minutes) Sub-Question B: Which interview or assessment techniques may be most useful in this task? Shervert H. Frazier, M.D. McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA (15 minutes) Sub-Question C: What experiences/findings from parallel activities may be applicable to the U.S.S.S. task? Don M. Gottfredson, Ph.D. (parole prediction) Rutgers University ( 5 minutes) 190
Monday, March 9, 1981 (continued) James H. Billings, Ph.D., M.P.H. (epidemiology) Pacific Medical Center San Francisco ( 5 minutes) Brian M. Jenkins (credibility of threats) Rand Corporation ( 5 minutes) 11:00 A.M. Workshop Sessions: All participants divide into three workshop groups, each to address main issue of assessment and specific sub-questions, including exploration of: Novel ideas, new approaches Training implications for U.S.S.S. Research needs and opportunities Workshop A: NAS Lecture Room Workshop B: Room 180 Workshop C: Room 280 12:15 P.M. Lunch - NAS Refectory 1:30 Workshop groups reconvene 3:00 Coffee-tea-juice Break 3:30 Plenary Presentations and Discussion - Management NAS Lecture Room Basic Question: What can behavioral science offer to assist the U.S.S.S. in its task of managing persons deemed to be serious threats to their protectees (i.e., potential assassins)? Sub-Question A: What is the present knowledge of principal techniques for the management of potentially violent persons? W. Walter Mennlnger, M.D. (15 minutes) Sub-Question B: What are the difficulties and what improvements can be suggested in the relationship between the U.S.S.S. and the mental health delivery system/institutions/practitioners? Joseph I. English, M.D. St. Vincent's Hospital, New York City (15 minutes) 191
Monday, March 9, 1981 (continued) Discussion from the floor (Sub-Questions A & B) 4:30 P.M. Sub-Question C: What are the legal, ethical and medical implications of intervention measures? Roundtable Discussion Charles R. Halpern, J.D. Georgetown University Law Center Robert Michels, M.D. Cornell University Medical College Charles H. Whitebread, L.L.B. University of Southern California Law Center R. Kirkland Gable, Ed.D., J.D. California Lutheran College, Thousand Oaks, CA Discussion from the floor (Sub-Question C) 5:30 Cocktails 6:30 Buffet Dinner - NAS Refectory 7:30 Workshop groups reconvene: Each group to address main issue of management and specific sub-questions, including exploration of: Novel ideas, new approaches Training implications Reseach needs and opportunities 9:30 Adjourn for the day (Groups chairs, vice-chairs, and workshop staff review the day's activities.) Tuesday, March 10, 1981 National Academy of Sciences Building, Lecture Room 8:30 A.M. Coffee, tea, juice 9:00 Workshop groups reconvene: Each group synthesizes previous discussions, highlighting areas of consensus and sharpest division; and makes suggestions concerning promising lines of inquiry, training, and 192
Tuesday, March 10, 1981 (continued) operational aspects of U.S.S.S. procedures in light of what behavioral science can contribute. (Includes consideration of U.S.S.S. list of questions.) 10:30 Coffee-tea-juice Break 10:45 Plenary Session, NAS Lecture Room Workshop groups reports and general discussion 12:00 Lunch - NAS Refectory 1:00 P.M. Plenary Session, NAS Lecture Room Summary impressions, brief comments, ideas, and/or suggestions from each conference participant 3:00 U.S.S.S. Response 3:20 Closing Remarks W. Walter Menninger, M.D. 3:30 Conference adjourns 193