. "Part I: New Tools and Clinical Care Outlines, Introduction." Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation: An Implementation Guide. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1992.
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Laboratory Tests and Nutrient Supplements
The selection of supplements depends on the presence of anemia, as determined by analysis of hemoglobin or hematocrit, and the presence of risk factors, as determined by a history that includes diet and by physical examination. Begin routine iron supplementation for all pregnant women by the 12th week of gestation.
The taking of vitamin/mineral supplements does not lessen the need for the consumption of a nutritionally balanced diet, nor should it be used to replace nutrition education and counseling. Women should be cautioned about taking self-prescribed vitamins, minerals, or other supplements because of the potential of such supplements for producing nutrient imbalances, excesses, or toxicities.
