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Managing Wastewater in Coastal Urban Areas
TABLE B.1 Characteristics of Enteric Viruses (Bennett et al. 1987)
Virus Group
1985 Reported Cases
Mortality Rates (%)
Levels in Sewage/L
Diseases
Enterovirus:
Poliovirus
6,000,000
7
0.001
10
182-92,000
Paralysis
Aseptic meningitis
Coxasackievirus
A
Herpangina
Aseptic meningitis
Respiratory illness
B
Paralysis fever
Pleurodynia
Aseptic meningitis
Pericarditis
Myocarditis
Congenial heart anomalies
Nephritis
Echovirus:
Respiratory infection
Aseptic meningitis
Diarrhea
Pericarditis
Myocarditis fever, rash
Hepatitis A Virus
48,000
0.6
5101
Infectious hepatitis
Reovirus
1-1,247
Respiratory disease
Gastroenteritis
Adenovirus
10,000,000
0.01
100-100,000
Acute conjunctivitis
Diarrhea
Respiratory illness
Eye infection
Rotavirus
8,000,000
0.01
401
Infantile gastroenteritis
Norwalk agent (probably a calcivirus)
6,000,000
0.0001
Gastroenteritis
Astrovirus
Gastroenteritis
Calcivirus
Gastroenteritis
Snow Mt. Agent (probably a calcivirus)
Gastroenteritis
Norwalk-like virus
Gastroenteritis
Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis
50,000
0.4
Hepatitis
