The following HTML text is provided to enhance online
readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML.
Please use the page image
as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy.
Global Dimensions of Intellectual Property Rights in Science and Technology
Argentinian IPR, 73
agricultural research, 78
demand for, 78
international cooperation, 86
and joint ventures with U.S. firms, 114 , 117
and licensing of technology by U.S. firms, 120
patent law, 84 , 126
pharmaceutical protection, 327
plant breeders' rights, 96
ranking of, 69 , 122 , 123
and sales losses of U.S. industries, 133
and technology transfer to wholly owned subsidiaries, 118
Armstrong, James E., III, 152 , 155-158 , 184 , 186 , 402-403
Armstrong, John A., 190 , 192-207 , 212 , 213 , 217 , 241 , 371 , 373 , 403-404
Artificial intelligence, 15 , 181 , 263
Associacion Nacional de la Industria de Programas para Computadoras, 233 , 234 , 235
AT&T, 191 , 213 , 232 , 236-240 , 243 , 340 , 341 , 345-347 , 377-378
Audiotapes, copying, 10 , 160-161
Australia, 91
Author's rights law, 235
B
Bangladesh, 361
Barbaro, Daniele, 51
Barton, John, 251 , 253 , 256-283 , 353 , 404
Belarus, 73
Bell, Alexander Graham, 340
Bell Laboratories, 237 , 340 , 346 , 348 , 358 , 377
Bement, Arden L., Jr., 388-390 , 404-405
Biochips, 15 , 204
Biotechnology
adaptation of IPR to, 15 , 19 , 257-262 , 266
agricultural, 259 , 279 n.74
bacterium that produces ethanol from sugar, 77-78
border restrictions, 277
breadth of protection, 276-277
capital raised through public offerings, 322
case law, 254 , 257 n.3, 258 nn.5 & 6, 260 , 270 , 271 , 320 , 323 , 324
case study, 319-328
cloning of proteins, 257-258
commercialization role of IPRs, 254 , 319-321 , 325
defined, 257
delayed ripening of fruits, flowers, and vegetables, 102 n.13
delays in patents, 324
deposit of cultures, 9
in developing countries, 77-78 , 95-96 , 101-103
effects of protection, 103
exclusion under TRIPS, 177
experimental use exemption, 261
foreign investments in, 101
history of, 319-323
human, 259
international policy issues, 166 , 258 , 260-262 , 270 , 276-277 , 323-324 , 326-327
licensing of products, 102
litigation, 279
market value of stocks, 320 , 322
oil-digesting organism, 320
patents, 6 , 9 , 92 , 96 , 102 , 147 , 163 , 171 , 194-195 , 244 , 254 , 270 , 271 , 274-275 , 278 , 279 , 281 , 319-320 , 323 , 351
pharmaceuticals, 260 , 275 , 321 , 324-325 , 327
piracy of, 77
plant breeders' rights, 10 , 95-96
policy analysis needs, 259
process claims, 323
recombinant DNA technique, 6
relevant forms of intellectual property, 9
role of small firms in, 252 , 326 , 328
sales, 321
scope of claims, 324
solutions to IPR issues, 259-262
special issues, 257-259
sui generis protection, 261 , 270 , 283
trade barriers, 282
trade secrets protection, 194-195
transgenic animals, 92
transgenic plants, 101 , 102
U.S. pressure on developing countries for IPR, 183-184
U.S. research, 201
venture capital disbursements, 320-321
Borrus, Michael, 358 , 373-377 , 405
"Brain drain," 71
