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Global Dimensions of Intellectual Property Rights in Science and Technology (1993)
Office of International Affairs (OIA)

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Global Dimensions of Intellectual Property Rights in Science and Technology

National Academy Press
2101 Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, D.C. 20418

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the advisory committee responsible for the project were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance.

Publication of signed work signifies that it is judged a competent and useful contribution worthy of public consideration, but it does not imply endorsement of conclusions or recommendations by the governing bodies, officers, or staffs of the National Research Council, or the NAS, NAE, or IOM.

The program described in this report was supported by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Agency for International Development, the U.S. Department of Commerce, the Ford Aerospace Corporation, the Industrial Biotechnology Association, the National Academy of Engineering, the National Science Foundation, and the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association. The views expressed in this volume are those of the authors and are not presented as the views of the conference sponsors or organizers.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

The Global dimensions of intellectual property rights in science and technology : a conference, January 7-8, 1992, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. / Office of International Affairs, National Research Council; edited by Mitchel B. Wallerstein, Mary Ellen Mogee, Roberta A. Schoen.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-309-04833-8

1. Intellectual property—Congresses. 2. Technology and law-Congresses. I. Wallerstein, Mitchel B. II. Mogee, Mary Ellen. III. Schoen, Roberta A. IV. National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) V. National Research Council (U.S.). Office of International Affairs.

K1401.A55 1992 93-720

341.7'58—dc20 CIP

Copyright 1993 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

B-119

Printed in the United States of America.

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Front Matter (R1-R12)
I Introduction (1-2)
1 The Global Dimensions of Intellectual Property Rights in Science and Technology (3-18)
2 Intellectual Property Institutions and the Panda's Thumb: Patents, Copyrights, and Trade Secrets in Economic Theory and History (19-62)
II The Case For and Against a Uniform Worldwide Intellectual Property Rights System (63-64)
Introduction (65-67)
3 Why a Uniform Intellectual Property System Makes Sense or the World (68-88)
4 Harmonization Versus Differentiation in Intellectual Property Right Regimes (89-106)
5 Unauthorized Use of Intellectual Property: Effects on Investment, Technology Transfer, and Innovation (107-145)
Discussion (146-148)
III National and International Approaches to Intellectual Property Rights (149-150)
Introduction (151-154)
6 Comparative National Approaches to Intellectual Property Rights (155-174)
7 Update on international Negotiations on Intellectual Property Rights (175-182)
Discussion (183-186)
IV Scientific and Technological Advance and Its Impact on the Role of Intellectual Property Rights (187-188)
Introduction (189-191)
8 Trends in Global Science and Technology and What They Mean for Intellectual Property Systems (192-207)
9 Sectoral Views (208-220)
10 Intellectual Property Rights and Competitive Strategy (221-240)
Discussion (241-246)
V Adapting Intellectual Property Rights to New Technologies (247-248)
Introduction (249-255)
11 Adapting the Intellectual Property System to New Technologies (256-283)
12 A Case Study on Computer Programs (284-318)
13 Biotechnology Case Study (319-328)
14 Semiconductor Chip Protection as a Case Study (329-338)
15 Optoelectronics (339-350)
Discussion (351-354)
VI Global Intellectual Property Rights Issues in Perspective (355-356)
Introduction (357-359)
16 Global Intellectual Property Rights Issues in Perspective: A Concluding Panel Discussion (360-383)
Disccusion (384-390)
Coda: Issues for Future Research (391-394)
VII Appendix (395-396)
A: Conference Agenda (397-400)
B: Biographies of Contributors (401-418)
Index (419-442)