Indoor Allergens: Assessing and Controlling Adverse Health Effects

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Indoor Allergens: Assessing and Controlling Adverse Health Effects (1993)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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. "3 Agents, Sources, Source Controls, and Diseases." Indoor Allergens: Assessing and Controlling Adverse Health Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1993.

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Indoor Allergens: Assessing and Controlling Adverse Health Effects

TABLE 3-4 Characteristics of Syndromes Related to Inhalation of TMA

Characteristic	Rhinitis and Immediate-Type Asthma	LRSS	Pulmonary Disease-Anemia	Irritant Syndromes
Latent period (duration of exposure prior to onset of symptoms)	Weeks to months of work exposure	Weeks to months of work exposure	Weeks to months of work exposure	Occurs on first high-work dose exposure
Onset of symptoms after work exposure	Immediate (minutes)	4–12 hours	Progressive with further work exposure	Variable, depending on exposure
Degree (type) of exposure	TMA dust (mild) or fumes	TMA dust (moderate) or fumes	TMA fumes (heavy)	Fumes or dust (great)
Skin tests (TM-HSA)	Positive immediate-type	Negative	Not done	Negative
Total antibody to TM-HSA	Present	High	Very high	Variable
IgE to TM-HSA	Present	Absent	Absent	Absent
NOTE: TMA, trimellitic anhydride; LRSS, late respiratory systemic syndrome; TM-HSA, trimellitic anhydride-human serum albumin. SOURCE: Zeiss et al., 1982.